Gravimetric definition of underground formations in Mexico City: Relevance for seismic risk

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Román Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Definition Of

Optical (Camera-Based) Technology for Seismic Risk Assessment

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Wischgoll ◽  
Tara C. Hutchinson ◽  
Falko Kuester
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Data Transport ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment ◽  
Shake Table Tests ◽  
Global Movements ◽  
Definition Of

Due to an increasing bandwidth for data transport in recent computers, optical (camera-based) sensors with high frame rates and reasonable resolutions can nowadays be used with off-the-shelf computers. By monitoring buildings, bridges and other infrastructure with such sensors, they can greatly assist in risk assessment. In this paper, several field application examples are described, largely encompassing the areas of civil infrastructure monitoring. Optical (camera-based) systems can be particularly powerful for monitoring both local and global movements within a scene or environment. Therefore, natural hazards induced by such movements, for example during earthquake events, are an important application area for these new technologies. First, a clear definition of seismic risk assessment is provided. Subsequently, two important fields where cameras may be useful in seismic risk assessment are described. Specifically, the context of (i) early warning systems and (ii) post-earthquake assessment are addressed. An example of using the optical record from a series of large shake table tests is provided and comparison with other methods discussed.

scholarly journals Damage Assessment in Italy, and Experiences After Recent Earthquakes on Reparability and Repair Costs

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-84
Author(s):  
M. Di Ludovico ◽  
G. De Martino ◽  
A. Prota ◽  
G. Manfredi ◽  
M. Dolce
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Italian Experience ◽  
Repair Costs ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Intervention Costs ◽  
Recent Earthquakes

AbstractRecent devastating earthquakes outlined the importance of quantifying losses and the amount of resources needed for the reconstruction process. The restoration of public or residential buildings in the aftermath of the seismic event may significantly affect national economy. This remarks the primary role and crucial need of having accurate predictions of direct and indirect costs for reconstruction in order to plan effective risk mitigation strategies and perform reliable loss scenarios. The recent Italian seismic events have been a unique occasion to collect observational data on existing buildings. The present work, based on the Italian experience of recent earthquakes, aims at discussing the main aspects related to the damage assessment of residential buildings and reconstruction models together with the huge amount of data collected in the reconstruction processes. In particular, an in-depth analysis of the data provided by the reconstruction process of 2009 L’Aquila earthquake is reported focussing on repair and strengthening intervention costs as a function of the empirical damage,repairability issues, and assistance to population costs. The data are discussed separately for reinforced concrete and masonry residential buildings and refers about 10,100 buildings located Outside Historical Centres (OHC) and Inside Historical Centres (IHC). Finally, the criteria adopted for the definition of the building seismic risk classes at the base of the Italian guidelines for seismic risk classification of constructions are presented together with recent policies adopted in Italy in terms of fiscal deduction for strengthening interventions on private residential buildings.

‘Hard-Boiled’ Detectives in Spain and Mexico: The Ethical Reorientation of a Genre

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-170
Author(s):  
Deborah Cafiero
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Crime Fiction ◽  
First Century ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Manuel Vazquez Montalban ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ethical Stance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
History Of Place

Hard-boiled’ fiction arose in the early decades of the twentieth century, uncovering connections among crime, wealth and power, and exposing moral fissures within U.S. capitalism. After French publisher Gallimard marketed translations of American crime fiction as noir, international writers started adjusting the ethical framework of the original authors as part of their ‘glocal’ adaptation of a global genre to local circumstances. The present article pushes past ‘glocal’ analysis of noir to propose a ‘transnational’ relationship, adapting Paul Giles’ definition of ‘transnational’ practice in which international authors reflect the genre back upon its American roots in order to illuminate the ‘silences, absences and blindspots’ in the original ethical stance. The ‘misreading’ of noir also permits a ‘misrecognition’ of local circumstances, exposing moral fissures throughout different societies. This article shows how series by Manuel Vázquez Montalbán and Paco Ignacio Taibo II reveal ethical blindspots in American models by situating the detective within an emotional history of place (Barcelona for Vázquez Montalbán, Mexico City for Taibo II). Although these detectives ultimately cannot determine or perform the role of ethical citizen, their emotional-geographical bonds open up a critique of American ideals and pave the way for a reimagining of the ethical in the twenty-first century.

Seismic risk evaluation of existing masonry buildings: methods and uncertainties

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Croce ◽  
Maria Luisa Beconcini ◽  
Paolo Formichi ◽  
Filippo Landi ◽  
Benedetta Puccini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Masonry Building ◽  
Masonry Buildings ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Static Approach ◽  
Definition Of

<p>Masonry structures represent a large part of existing buildings. As confirmed by the damage caused by recent seismic events, the assessment of seismic performance of existing masonry building is then a critical issue in Countries exposed to seismic risk. Moreover, common methods of analysis based on non-linear static approach are significantly influenced by the assumptions about the shear behavior of masonry walls and may lead to inconsistent or contradictory results.</p><p>Due to the relevance of the problem ad hoc studies have been performed to clarify how the most relevant parameters affect the theoretical structural behavior and to setup a proper method to define these parameters.</p><p>In the paper, the main sources of uncertainties regarding the definition of material parameters are investigated and a methodology for the identification of masonry classes is illustrated discussing the propagation of uncertainties related to masonry parameters in non-linear static analysis of masonry buildings. The analysis are carried out through a simplified non-linear pushover type algorithm developed by the authors and the outcomes are illustrated and critically discussed for a relevant case study.</p><p>The results show the capability of the proposed procedure for the identification of masonry classes and the evaluation of masonry mechanical parameters to provide a more refined probabilistic assessment of the seismic risk index.</p>

scholarly journals On the recovery and analysis of historical seismograms

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Palombo ◽  
Nicola Alessandro Pino
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Seismic Source ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Source Information ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
Quality And Reliability ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Historical Seismograms

The analysis of historical seismograms has proven to be a fundamental tool to help with the definition of the seismic risk in specific regions. Indeed, modern quantitative reappraisal of relevant earthquakes that occurred before the 1960’s; i.e., prior to both the developments of modern recording instruments and the theoretical progress, has been essential for the assessment of the seismic potential of a source area. However, due to the characteristics (transducing and recording) of the old analog seismographs, the data available are affected by intrinsic uncertainties, and errors can be introduced during the processing of waveform digitization. These drawbacks can seriously influence the quality and reliability of an investigation. In general, no standard technique can be applied when dealing with historical seismograms. Thus, specific tests and cross-checks have to be designed to estimate the limits of each specific analysis. Here, we aim to provide an overview of the whole procedure while focusing on the most crucial steps, from the seismogram recovery to the application of modern techniques for the retrieval of the seismic source information. We also suggest possible checks for the robustness of the data and for the available instrument characteristics, with a description of the effects of various uncertainties on the results that can be obtained. We thus provide useful indications for the analysis of historical seismograms, and also for the correct interpretation of the resulting characteristics of the seismic source.

Does space matter? Built environments and Co-Creation in Mexico City

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-120
Author(s):  
Pamela Ileana Castro Suarez ◽  
Hector Quiroz Rothe
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Socially Engaged Art ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Social Components

This chapter argues that urban built environments are essential elements for the success of collective projects associated with the concept of Co-Creation as a contribution to a sociological approach that favours other political, organizational or financial aspects. The research considers geographical analysis, fieldwork and semi-structured interviews with staff members of cultural venues in Mexico City, an iconic metropolis of the Global South with a long tradition of socially engaged art, and frequently associated with informal urbanisation processes which are the origin of more than 50 per cent of the city’s neighbourhoods. The chapter considers the built environment as a useful medium to achieve the social benefits that Co-Creation promoters look for, through diverse participatory methodologies. In this sense, the definition of Co-Creation in this chapter favours the process, more than the product, in which various agents participate to produce knowledge about their current urban situation and expectations. The chapter clarifies the relationships between the location and characteristics of official and independent art and cultural venues, the key social components for successful Co-Creative projects, and the agents involved in the process.

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