scholarly journals Effect of Antibiotic Growth Promoters and Anticoccidials on Growth of Clostridium perfringens in the Caeca and on Performance of Broiler Chickens

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-441
Author(s):  
K. Elwinger ◽  
E. Berndtson ◽  
B. Engström ◽  
O. Fossum ◽  
L. Waldenstedt
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Antibiotic Growth Promoters

scholarly journals Pretreatment with probiotics ameliorate gut health and necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens, a substitute to antibiotics

AMB Express ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danish Sharafat Rajput ◽  
Dong Zeng ◽  
Abdul Khalique ◽  
Samia Sharafat Rajput ◽  
Hesong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Antibiotic Growth Promoters ◽  
Microbial Strains

AbstractNecrotic enteritis (NE) is being considered as one of the most important intestinal diseases in the recent poultry production systems, which causes huge economic losses globally. NE is caused by Clostridium perfringens, a pathogenic bacterium, and normal resident of the intestinal microflora of healthy broiler chickens. Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of broiler chicken is considered as the most integral part of pathogen’s entrance, their production and disease prevention. Interaction between C. perfringens and other pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella present in the small intestine may contribute to the development of NE in broiler chickens. The antibiotic therapy was used to treat the NE; however European Union has imposed a strict ban due to the negative implications of drug resistance. Moreover, antibiotic growth promoters cause adverse effects on human health as results of withdrawal of antibiotic residues in the chicken meat. After restriction on use of antibiotics, numerous studies have been carried out to investigate the alternatives to antibiotics for controlling NE. Thus, possible alternatives to prevent NE are bio-therapeutic agents (Probiotics), prebiotics, organic acids and essential oils which help in nutrients digestion, immunity enhancement and overall broiler performance. Recently, probiotics are extensively used alternatives to antibiotics for improving host health status and making them efficient in production. The aim of review is to describe a replacement to antibiotics by using different microbial strains as probiotics such as bacteria and yeasts etc. having bacteriostatic properties which inhibit growth of pathogens and neutralize the toxins by different modes of action.

Effects of butyric acid, mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) and avilamycin on performance and small intestine morphology of broiler chickens

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 233-233
Author(s):  
S N Mousavi ◽  
M Shivazad ◽  
N Ghazvini
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Antibiotic Growth Promoters ◽  
Public Scrutiny

The subtherapeutic use of antibiotics in animals has been under scientific and public scrutiny as antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) have been linked to the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, which poses a threat to human health (Smith et al., 2003). Short chain fatty acids such as butyrate are considered as potential alternative to AGP, In addition to its bactericidal activity; butyrate appears to play a role in development of the intestinal epithelium (Leeson 2005). Prebiotics (e.g. mannanoligosaccharides, MOS) are nondigestible feed ingredients that can selectively stimulate growth or metabolic activity of a limited number of intestinal microorganisms (Gibson and Roberfroid, 1995). This study was, therefore, conducted to investigate effectiveness of mannanoligosaccharides and butyric acid as potential alternatives to AGP in broilers.

scholarly journals Clostridium perfringens as Foodborne Pathogen in Broiler Production: Pathophysiology and Potential Strategies for Controlling Necrotic Enteritis

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1718
Author(s):  
Zuamí Villagrán-de la Mora ◽  
María Esther Macías-Rodríguez ◽  
Jenny Arratia-Quijada ◽  
Yesica Sughey Gonzalez-Torres ◽  
Karla Nuño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Immunological Responses ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Growth Promoters

Clostridium perfringens (Cp.) is the cause of human foodborne desease. Meat and poultry products are identified as the main source of infection for humans. Cp. can be found in poultry litter, feces, soil, dust, and healthy birds’ intestinal contents. Cp. strains are known to secrete over 20 identified toxins and enzymes that could potentially be the principal virulence factors, capable of degrading mucin, affecting enterocytes, and the small intestine epithelium, involved in necrotic enteritis (NE) pathophysiology, also leading to immunological responses, microbiota modification and anatomical changes. Different environmental and dietary factors can determine the colonization of this microorganism. It has been observed that the incidence of Cp-associated to NE in broilers has increased in countries that have stopped using antibiotic growth promoters. Since the banning of such antibiotic growth promoters, several strategies for Cp. control have been proposed, including dietary modifications, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, phytogenics, organic acids, and vaccines. However, there are aspects of the pathology that still need to be clarified to establish better actions to control and prevention. This paper reviews the current knowledge about Cp. as foodborne pathogen, the pathophysiology of NE, and recent findings on potential strategies for its control.

scholarly journals Comparative Effect of Potentiated Zinc Oxide and Antibiotic Growth Promoters on Intestinal  Morphometry and Nutrient Digestibility in Broiler Chickens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babylyn Alday Moog ◽  
Amado Angeles ◽  
Florinia Merca ◽  
Percival Sangel
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Antibiotic Growth Promoters ◽  
Intestinal Morphometry ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract This study aims to determine the comparative effects of potentiated zinc oxide (pZnO) and antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) supplementation on intestinal morphometry and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens. Four hundred straight-run day-old broiler chicks were randomly allotted to one of four dietary treatments replicated 10 times with 10 birds per replicate. Dietary treatments were: T1: Basal diets without AGP (negative control; NC), T2: Basal diets with 500 g/ton Maduramicin 10g and 500 g/ton Zinc bacitracin 150 (positive control; PC), T3: NC added with 150g/ton pZnO, and T4: PC added with 150g/ton pZnO in a 2x2 factorial design in RCBD. At days and 35, 10 birds were randomly selected per treatment 18 for morphometry of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. At day 38, eight birds per treatment were used for the nutrient digestibility study. Results showed significant interaction effects (P<0.05) of AGP and pZnO supplementation on day 35 intestinal morphometry of duodenum’s villi height and villi height: crypt depth, and ileum’s crypt depth; apparent CODGE, AME, CP, DM and EE. Significant differences (P<0.05) with pZnO supplementation were only observed on feed intake and FCR of birds fed with pZnO at days 8-14 and fecal quality at days 0-7. Results of the study suggest that pZnO has the potential to replace AGPs without negatively affecting the intestinal morphometry, digestibility and growth performance of broiler chickens.

Performance, blood parameters and economic indices of broiler chickens fed graded levels of chestnut (Castenea sativa) phytobiotics as replacement for antibiotics growth promoters

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
N. G. Dialoke ◽  
P. A. Onimisi ◽  
M. Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Antibiotic Growth Promoters ◽  
Economic Indices

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the performance, serum, lipid, haematology and economic indices of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with different levels of Chestnut (Castenea sativa) phytobiotic as a replacement for antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs). A total of 300, oneday-old cobb 500 broiler chicks were allotted in a completely randomized design to five dietary treatments each replicated thrice, with 20 chicks per replicate. Chestnutphytobiotics was included at 0, 100, 125 and 150g/100 Kg diet while Oxytetracycline was included at 111g/100kg diet. Data was collected on growth performance, haematology, serum biochemical parameters, lipid profiles and economic indices. All data collected were subjected to analysis of variance and significant differences among treatment means were compared using the Duncan's Multiple Range Test of significance. At the end of the starterphase, result showed that chicks placed on 100g phytobiotics diet had significantly (P<0.05) high final weight and weight gain than other supplemented diets and control. There was significant (P<0.05) differences in the feed conversion ratio. Feed cost per kilogram gain was significantly lower in chicks fed control diet, followed by phytobiotics, however higher feed cost per kilogram gain was recorded for chicks fed diet containing Oxytetracycline. Weight gain was significantly (P < 0.05) higher on oxytetracycline based diet (1783.2g) for finisher phase however, there was an improved values for chicks placed on phytobiotics. Glucose (206.51mg/dL) was significantly higher in treatment diet that contained oxytetracycline. Haematological indices showed that values for white blood cell (91.90x103/μL) and Heterophils (20.63%) were significantly higher in diets containing oxytetracycline than other treatment groups. Values for red blood cell, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils were significantly (P<0.05) higher in broiler chickens fed diets containing 100g phytobiotics . Chestnut phytobiotics reduced the total cholesterol values from 151.13 - 96.55mg/dL when compared to other treatment groups. There were significant(P<0.05) differences in all the villi morphometry parameters measured except for crypt depth. The mean yield cost decreased as the level of phytobiotics increased. In conclusion, supplementation of Chestnut phytobiotics reduced total cholesterol and significantly improved the final weight, weight gain, feed cost per Kg gain and feed conversion ratio for both starter and finisher at 100g/100Kg. Chestnut phytobiotic is therefore a potential replacement for antibiotic growth promoters.

scholarly journals Phytogenic Feed Additives as An Alternative to Antibiotic Growth Promoters in Poultry Nutrition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jet Saartje Mandey ◽  
Florencia Nery Sompie
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Peppermint Oil ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Oil Blends ◽  
Antibiotic Growth Promoters ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Poultry Nutrition ◽  
Improved Performance

Phytoadditives in animal nutrition have attracted a lot of attention for their potential role as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters. Phytoadditives are feed additives originated from plants or botanicals that are used in poultry nutrition. This chapter provides an overview about the potency of alternative additive from plants as a basis for exploring it as a phytoadditive for poultry. These substances are derived from herbs, spices, and other plants and their extracts. They are natural, less toxic, residue free and ideal feed additives for poultry when compared to synthetic antibiotics. There efficacy of phytogenic applications in poultry nutrition depends on several factors, such as composition and feed inclusion level of phytogenic preparations, bird genetics, and overall diet composition. Addition of 100 mg/kg feed essential oils consist of carvacrol, thymol and limonene in matrix encapsulation improved performance and apparent ideal digestibility of nutrients of broiler chickens. Besides enhancing performance, phytogenic also has antioxidant, the effects of which are associated with essential oils (EOs) and their components. Administration of eucalyptus and peppermint oil blends by oral (0.25 ml/L drinking water) and spray route (0.1 ml/20 ml water) reduced Newcastle disease infection in broilers. Phytoadditives have antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antitoxigenic, antiparasitic and insecticidal properties. The benefits of using phytoadditives in poultry nutrition are increased feed intake, stimulation of digestion, increased growth performance, reduced incidence of disease, improved reproductive parameters, feed efficiency, profitability. Based on the latest scientific findings presented in this chapter, the following main conclusions have been drawn that phytomolecule and that bioactives have potential to be developed as an alternative additive for poultry, and that promote health.

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