Music in dreams: A diary study

2019 ◽  
pp. 030573561985453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina König ◽  
Michael Schredl
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
New Music ◽  
Diary Study ◽  
Direct Link ◽  
Continuity Hypothesis ◽  
Performance Skills ◽  
Dream Emotions

In every culture and nation music has been mentioned as a sort of natural language. While the existence of dreams including music in musicians has been anecdotally reported, music in dreams have been rarely studied empirically. In the present study, 425 participants, mostly psychology students, reported their dreams in a dream diary for 14 days as well as the intensity of their dream emotions and answered a questionnaire about whether they play existing music or compose new music during the day. As expected, for persons playing an instrument in their leisure time, there was a direct link between playing an instrument during the day and having more dreams including music, thus confirming the continuity hypothesis of dreaming. In addition, dreams including music were more positively-toned regarding emotions than dreams in general. Further research might investigate, for example, whether dreams including music play a role in improving music performance skills.

Dreams of Truck Drivers: A Test of the Continuity Hypothesis of Dreaming

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Schredl ◽  
Arthur Funkhouser ◽  
Nicole Arn
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Continuity Hypothesis ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Daytime Activity ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The One ◽  
Dream Emotions ◽  
The Relationship

Empirical studies largely support the continuity hypothesis of dreaming. The present study investigated the frequency and emotional tone of dreams of truck drivers. On the one hand, the findings of the present study partly support the continuity regarding the time spent with driving/being in the truck and driving dreams and, on the other hand, a close relationship was found between daytime mood (feelings of stress, job satisfaction) and dream emotions, i.e., different dream characteristics were affected by different aspects of daytime activity. The results, thus, indicate that it is necessary to define very clearly how this continuity is to be conceptualized. The approach of formulating a mathematical model (cf. [1]) should be adopted in future studies in order to specify the factors and their magnitude in the relationship between waking and dreaming.

Music Performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Pfordresher
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Interpersonal Coordination ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Performance Skills ◽  
Vocal Apparatus ◽  
Musical Knowledge ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Communication And Coordination

Music performance involves precise motor control that is coordinated with higher order planning to convey complex structural information. In addition, music performance usually involves motor tasks that are not learned spontaneously (as in the use of the vocal apparatus), the reproduction of preestablished sequences (notated or from memory), and synchronized joint performance with one or more other musicians. Music performance also relies on a rich repertoire of musical knowledge that can be used for purposes of expressive variation and improvisation. As such, the study of music performance provides a way to explore learning, motor control, memory, and interpersonal coordination in the context of a real-world behavior. Music performance skills vary considerably in the population and reflect interactions between genetic predispositions and the effect of intensive practice. At the same time, research suggests that most individuals have the capacity to perform music through singing or learning an instrument, and in this sense music performance taps into a universal human propensity for communication and coordination with conspecifics.

scholarly journals LEARNING MUSIC THROUGH RHYTHMIC MOVEMENTS IN MALAYSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 241-263
Author(s):  
Md Jais Ismail ◽  
Loo Fung Chiat ◽  
Azu Farhana Anuar
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Rhythmic Movement ◽  
Primary Students ◽  
Rhythmic Movements ◽  
School Students ◽  
Performance Skills ◽  
Instructional Process ◽  
Music Class ◽  
Almost All

Purpose – Music class should function as a class that triggers joy and a platform for students to express their feelings. Based on observation, there are music teachers who teach singing and playing musical instruments traditionally based on teacher-centered approach. This has caused music classes to become passive and dull, with unexcited students that would cause them to be out of focus in the class. The purpose of this research is to investigate the application of rhythmic movements, using one of the components from Dalcroze’s Eurhythmics as an activity to develop active and fun music classes, hence to improve students’ music performance skills. Methodology – The study was carried out within the framework of a ten-week action-research design involving 35 primary school students at Putrajaya, Malaysia. Data collection was through group observation on students’ musical behaviours. Researchers also conducted an in-depth interview with rhythmic movement experts. Findings – Result shows that there is a significant changing of musical behaviours among primary students from week 8 to week 10. Experts agreed that rhythmic movement can create a meaningful music class with an active participation by students. There are three rhythmic procedures recommended by the experts to strengthen a music class pedagogy. Significance – Learning music through movements has turned music class into active and fun. Rhythmic movement activity makes this intention to become more meaningful. The study helps students to explore music through movements while they have the chance to play, communicate to each other, learn through observation and express their creativity in their own way. This intervention helps students to grasp almost all the music concepts while doing activities. This study also provides ideas for teachers to integrate rhythmic movements in music instructional process. Keywords: Dalcroze Eurhythmics, rhythmic movement, music education, qualitative, primary students, singing, playing percussion.

scholarly journals Dr. Ron Shroyer : an historical study of his career and contributions to Central Methodist University

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ryan McLouth
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Style ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Compositional Style ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
University President ◽  
Professional Musicians ◽  
Teaching Career ◽  
Performance Skills ◽  
Concert Programs

Purpose: The purpose of this historical study was to document the teaching career and achievements of Dr. Ronald Shroyer at Central Methodist University in order to examine the contributions made by Dr. Shroyer to his students, the institution, and the music profession. Method: The following data was collected during this study: (a) interviews with Dr. Shroyer, (b) written surveys from his former students and colleagues, (c) interviews with former Central Methodist University President Marianne Inman, (d) observations of Dr. Shroyer's informal interactions with others, (e) scores from compositions that he wrote, (f) professional and informal writings that he composed, (g) letters collected from correspondences with others, and (h) concert programs in which he appeared as a performer or those that included his music. Organization Chapter 2 of this study begins the chronological examination of Dr. Shroyer's life from birth to the beginning of his career. Chapter 3 serves as a chronology of Dr. Shroyer's career while at Central Methodist University. Chapter 4 is a detailed examination of his musical compositional style, his work as an arranger, and his music performance skills. Chapter 5 documents Dr. Shroyer as a pedagogue, and his teaching style. His influence on the Central Methodist University community from 1976 to today is described in Chapter 6. Chapter 7 is a summation of the findings from the study as a whole. Conclusion: Dr. Shroyer was effective in many ways during his career. As a teacher, performer, composer, colleague, and administrator, he contributed to Central Methodist University and continues to positively influence teachers, students, and his community. He made a lasting impact on the institution through his role as an administrator and faculty member, and affected the lives of students who studied with him privately, in the classroom, and in ensembles. Dr. Shroyer also left his mark on the music profession as a composer. His music has been featured by many institutions, at conferences, and has been performed by professional musicians. He is highly regarded as a performer, one who possesses great versatility, and has impressed fellow players and audience members.

scholarly journals A Diary Study on Anticipated Leisure Time, Morning Recovery and Employees’ Work Engagement

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9436
Author(s):  
Sebastian Seibel ◽  
Judith Volmer
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Diary Study ◽  
Motivational State ◽  
Affective Reaction ◽  
Cognitive Evaluation ◽  
High Work

Recovery during yesterday’s leisure time is beneficial for morning recovery, and morning recovery fosters employees’ work engagement, a positive, motivational state associated with job performance. We extended existing research by assuming that both, morning recovery (considered a resource) and anticipated leisure time (considered an anticipated resource gain), relate to work engagement. Anticipated leisure time comprises two constructs: general anticipation of leisure time, which refers to employees’ cognitive evaluation of their entire upcoming leisure time, and pleasant anticipation of a planned leisure activity, which describes a positive affective reaction because of one specific, upcoming leisure activity. We suggested that employees with high pleasant anticipation generate more thoughts of a planned leisure activity (ToPLA), which may distract them from their work, reducing their work engagement. A diary study over five days showed that morning recovery and general anticipation of leisure time were positively related to work engagement. Furthermore, employees with higher pleasant anticipation of a planned leisure activity reported more ToPLA. In contrast to our expectations, neither pleasant anticipation nor ToPLA was related to work engagement. In sum, this study introduced anticipated leisure time as a novel antecedent of work engagement and demonstrated that anticipated resource gains are important for high work engagement.

Pluralities of History: Carrying Folklore Across Languages and Cultures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manahil Bandukwala
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Field Research ◽  
New Music ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Theatrical Performance ◽  
The Common ◽  
Cultural Sector ◽  
Folk Stories ◽  
The Relationship

If history is a distilled collection of stories that was handpicked by colonisers, victors, and those in power, then folklore is a pool of abundant and overlapping remembered pasts from the common person. My research considers the possibility of folklore being a truer, more relevant version of history by analyzing written and oral stories from the province of Sindh. Research took place in two simultaneous phases: 1) Interviews in Karachi with people in the cultural sector, such as a literary scholar, author, musician, dancer, and archeologist to investigate the relationship between folklore and artistic and cultural practices; 2) Field visits to archaeological sites, shrines, and historic monuments that involve talking to locals about the presence of folk stories in their communities. Methods of carrying on folklore are interdisciplinary and overlapping. They include singing verses that detail stories at shrines, incorporating stories into new music, interpreting stories through dance and theatrical performance, and preserving archaeological sites. Folk stories are allowed to be multiple, overlapping, and contradicting, as the reality that they present is of a plural, collective memory. They belong in literature as much as they belong in anthropology, music, performance, and other disciplines. These pluralities are present in the interviews and field research, which will be shared and discussed, showing how the version told by an expert in the field of literature was just as valid as the story shared by a villager in interior Sindh.

Building an Empty Frame

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Jakelski
Keyword(s):  
Music Performance ◽  
New Music ◽  
Neutral Zone ◽  
Concert Programming

Chapter 2 argues that self-conscious pluralism enabled festival advocates to negotiate a secure institutional position during a period of cultural retrenchment that began in Poland in the late 1950s. This approach to concert programming developed behind the scenes, during planning meetings in which Warsaw Autumn organizers selected repertoire, grouped works and composers into stylistic and geopolitical categories, and determined of what the festival should consist. Equally important were the maneuvers that took place in printed discourse, wherein critics and other commentators positioned the Warsaw Autumn as an empty frame—that is, a neutral zone in an otherwise polarized world of new music performance. The chapter contends that these negotiations were necessary because, despite rhetoric to the contrary, few observers thought the Warsaw Autumn was truly objective.

Why is dialogical solving of a logical problem more effective than individual solving?

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Trognon ◽  
Martine Batt ◽  
Jennifer Laux
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Logical Form ◽  
Psychology Students ◽  
Selection Task ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Logical Problem ◽  
Psychology Of Reasoning ◽  
Methodological Solipsism ◽  
Experimental Group

We study the accomplishment of the abstract version of Wason’s selection task in a cooperative dialogue context that has been neglected in the research devoted to this task. 123 psychology students, 75 in their third year and 48 in their first year of studies participated in the experiment. 59 students performed the task individually (control group) and 32 in dyads (experimental group) while we recorded their dialogues. In accordance with the literature, the dyads outperform significantly the students working alone. To discover the strategies implemented in the four dyads which succeeded, we analyzed their respective dialogues with a theory (‘Interlocutory Logic’) of the logical form of conversational events as they are manifested phenomenally in natural language. We show that these strategies are situated and emergent products of the dialogue, since no member of the dyads knew them before the interaction. So, it is surely by supporting the emergence of such joint cognition that the interaction is a factor of cognitive progress. We conclude this research by some remarks on the Wason’s task and moreover on the methodological solipsism in the psychology of reasoning.

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