scholarly journals Extending the 'dorsal stream vulnerability hypothesis': Spatial reorientation and motion and form coherence in children and adults with Williams syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 287-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Atkinson ◽  
O. Braddick ◽  
S. Anker ◽  
M. Nardini ◽  
U. Bellugi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Dorsal Stream ◽  
Spatial Reorientation ◽  
Vulnerability Hypothesis ◽  
Form Coherence

Neurobiological Models of Visuospatial Cognition in Children With Williams Syndrome: Measures of Dorsal-Stream and Frontal Function

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 139-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette Atkinson ◽  
Oliver Braddick ◽  
Shirley Anker ◽  
Will Curran ◽  
Rachel Andrew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Dorsal Stream ◽  
Visuospatial Cognition

Functional Reorganization of the Visual Dorsal Stream as Probed by 3-D Visual Coherence in Williams Syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 2624-2636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Bernardino ◽  
José Rebola ◽  
Reza Farivar ◽  
Eduardo Silva ◽  
Miguel Castelo-Branco
Keyword(s):  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Dorsal Stream ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Retrosplenial Cortex ◽  
Ventral Stream ◽  
Object Categorization ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Visual Stream ◽  
Dorsal Pathway

Object and depth perception from motion cues involves the recruitment of visual dorsal stream brain areas. In 3-D structure-from-motion (SFM) perception, motion and depth information are first extracted in this visual stream to allow object categorization, which is in turn mediated by the ventral visual stream. Such interplay justifies the use of SFM paradigms to understand dorsal–ventral integration of visual information. The nature of such processing is particularly interesting to be investigated in a neurological model of cognitive dissociation between dorsal (impaired) and ventral stream (relatively preserved) processing, Williams syndrome (WS). In the current fMRI study, we assessed dorsal versus ventral stream processing by using a performance-matched 3-D SFM object categorization task. We found evidence for substantial reorganization of the dorsal stream in WS as assessed by whole-brain ANOVA random effects analysis, with subtle differences in ventral activation. Dorsal reorganization was expressed by larger medial recruitment in WS (cuneus, precuneus, and retrosplenial cortex) in contrast with controls, which showed the expected dorsolateral pattern (caudal intraparietal sulcus and lateral occipital cortex). In summary, we found a substantial reorganization of dorsal stream regions in WS in response to simple visual categories and 3-D SFM perception, with less affected ventral stream. Our results corroborate the existence of a medial dorsal pathway that provides the substrate for information rerouting and reorganization in the presence of lateral dorsal stream vulnerability. This interpretation is consistent with recent findings suggesting parallel routing of information in medial and lateral parts of dorsal stream.

scholarly journals Locating 'dorsal stream vulnerability': high-density global motion and form coherence VEPs related to MRI in infants born very preterm

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 457-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Atkinson ◽  
D. Birtles ◽  
S. Anker ◽  
J. Wattam-Bell ◽  
M. Rutherford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Stream ◽  
High Density ◽  
Global Motion ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Form Coherence

scholarly journals Motion processing in Williams syndrome: Evidence against a general dorsal stream deficit

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 288-288
Author(s):  
J. E. Reiss ◽  
J. E. Hoffman ◽  
B. Landau
Keyword(s):  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Dorsal Stream ◽  
Motion Processing

Neurobiological Models of Visuospatial Cognition in Children With Williams Syndrome: Measures of Dorsal-Stream and Frontal Function

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette Atkinson ◽  
Oliver Braddick ◽  
Shirley Anker ◽  
Will Curran ◽  
Rachel Andrew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Dorsal Stream ◽  
Visuospatial Cognition

scholarly journals Williams syndrome hemideletion and LIMK1 variation both affect dorsal stream functional connectivity

Brain ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (12) ◽  
pp. 3963-3974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D Gregory ◽  
Carolyn B Mervis ◽  
Maxwell L Elliott ◽  
J Shane Kippenhan ◽  
Tiffany Nash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Dorsal Stream ◽  
Intraparietal Sulcus ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Social Processing ◽  
Connectivity Patterns

In Williams syndrome, a condition marked by hypersociability and visuospatial impairment, Gregory et al. show that intraparietal sulcus functional connectivity is increased with social processing regions and decreased with visual processing regions. Variation in LIMK1, which is hemideleted in Williams syndrome, is also associated with functional connectivity patterns in healthy controls.

Dorsal-stream motion processing deficits persist into adulthood in Williams syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 828-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette Atkinson ◽  
Oliver Braddick ◽  
Fredric E. Rose ◽  
Yvonne M. Searcy ◽  
John Wattam-Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Dorsal Stream ◽  
Motion Processing ◽  
Processing Deficits

Neurobiological Models of Visuospatial Cognition in Children With Williams Syndrome: Measures of Dorsal-Stream and Frontal Function

2018 ◽  
pp. 139-172
Author(s):  
Janette Atkinson ◽  
Oliver Braddick ◽  
Shirley Anker ◽  
Will Curran ◽  
Rachel Andrew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Dorsal Stream ◽  
Visuospatial Cognition

scholarly journals Abnormalities in Pattern of Lateralization in Relation to Visuospatial Short Term Memory in Children with Williams Syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Antonios Chasouris ◽  
Peter Mayer ◽  
Ian Stuart-Hamilton ◽  
Martin Graff ◽  
Lance Workman
Keyword(s):  
Williams Syndrome ◽  
Search Task ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Visual Search Task ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Dorsal Stream ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Visuospatial Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory

Williams syndrome (WS) is a genetic disorder characterised by significant intellectual disability. Initial studies indicate that children with WS have a profound bias for information in the top left of visual arrays. Study 1, using a visuospatial memory test for items presented in a 3×3 matrix, found a significant top left bias in WS children relative to controls. Study 2 used a probe-based memory test with arrays in which items appeared with equal probability in each position. Relative to controls, WS children showed a significant top and left bias. In Study 3, the same children engaged in a visual search task and again, a top and left bias was found in the WS group. It is concluded that children with WS display atypical laterality, which might be explained by abnormal saccadic movements, by abnormalities involving development of the dorsal stream or by uneven cortical development.

Cognitive Functioning in Adults with Williams Syndrome

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Howlin ◽  
Mark Davies ◽  
Orlee Udwin
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Williams Syndrome
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