scholarly journals Distributional analyses of individual differences in binocular rivalry dynamics

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Sy ◽  
Andrew Tomarken ◽  
Vaama Patel ◽  
Randolph Blake
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Binocular Rivalry

scholarly journals Individual Differences in the Tendency to See the Expected

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Andermane ◽  
Jenny Bosten ◽  
Anil Seth ◽  
Jamie Ward
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Visual Awareness ◽  
Facilitatory Effect ◽  
Strong Signal ◽  
Perceptual Anomalies ◽  
Perceptual Abilities ◽  
Attentional Mechanism

Prior knowledge has been shown to facilitate the incorporation of visual stimuli into awareness. We adopted an individual differences approach to explore whether a tendency to ‘see the expected’ is general or method-specific. We administered a binocular rivalry task and manipulated selective attention, as well as induced expectations via predictive context, self-generated imagery, expectancy cues, and perceptual priming. Most prior manipulations led to a facilitated awareness of the biased percept in binocular rivalry, whereas strong signal primes led to a suppressed awareness, i.e., adaptation. Correlations and factor analysis revealed that the facilitatory effect of priors on visual awareness is closely related to attentional control. We also investigated whether expectation-based biases predict perceptual abilities. Adaptation to strong primes predicted improved naturalistic change detection and the facilitatory effect of weak primes predicted the experience of perceptual anomalies. Taken together, our results indicate that the facilitatory effect of priors may be underpinned by an attentional mechanism but the tendency to ‘see the expected’ is method-specific.

scholarly journals Revisiting individual differences in the time course of binocular rivalry

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan W. Brascamp ◽  
Mark W. Becker ◽  
David Z. Hambrick
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Time Course

Evaluating the Mind’s Eye

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1535-1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Pearson ◽  
Rosanne L. Rademaker ◽  
Frank Tong
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Catch Trial ◽  
Mental Image ◽  
Perceptual Bias ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Demand Characteristics ◽  
Mind's Eye

Can people evaluate phenomenal qualities of internally generated experiences, such as whether a mental image is vivid or detailed? This question exemplifies a problem of metacognition: How well do people know their own thoughts? In the study reported here, participants were instructed to imagine a specific visual pattern and rate its vividness, after which they were presented with an ambiguous rivalry display that consisted of the previously imagined pattern plus an orthogonal pattern. On individual trials, higher ratings of vividness predicted a greater likelihood that the imagined pattern would appear dominant when the participant was subsequently presented with the binocular rivalry display. Off-line self-report questionnaires measuring imagery vividness also predicted individual differences in the strength of imagery bias over the entire study. Perceptual bias due to mental imagery could not be attributed to demand characteristics, as no bias was observed on catch-trial presentations of mock rivalry displays. Our findings provide novel evidence that people have a good metacognitive understanding of their own mental imagery and can reliably evaluate the vividness of single episodes of imagination.

scholarly journals Individual differences in continuous flash suppression: Potency and linkages to binocular rivalry dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 10-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randolph Blake ◽  
Rachel Goodman ◽  
Andrew Tomarken ◽  
Hyun-Woong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Continuous Flash Suppression

scholarly journals Frequency of alpha oscillation predicts individual differences in perceptual stability during binocular rivalry

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 2422-2433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sucharit Katyal ◽  
Sheng He ◽  
Bin He ◽  
Stephen A. Engel
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Perceptual Stability ◽  
Alpha Oscillation

Divergent Thinking Influences the Perception of Ambiguous Visual Illusions

Perception ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 030100662110001
Author(s):  
Annabel Blake ◽  
Stephen Palmisano
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Necker Cube ◽  
Visual Illusions ◽  
Perceptual Processing ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Experimental Phase ◽  
Study Participants

This study investigated the relationships between personality and creativity in the perception of two different ambiguous visual illusions. Previous research has suggested that Industriousness and Openness/Intellect (as measured by the Big Five Aspects Scale) are both associated with individual differences in perceptual switching rates for binocular rivalry stimuli. Here, we examined whether these relationships generalise to the Necker Cube and the Spinning Dancer illusions. In the experimental phase of this study, participants viewed these ambiguous figures under both static and dynamic, as well as free-view and fixation, conditions. As predicted, perceptual switching rates were higher: (a) for the static Necker Cube than the Spinning Dancer, and (b) in free-view compared with fixation conditions. In the second phase of the study, personality type and divergent thinking were measured using the Big Five Aspects Scale and the Alternate Uses Task, respectively. Higher creativity/divergent thinking (as measured by the Alternate Uses Task) was found to predict greater switching rates for the static Necker Cube (but not the Spinning Dancer) under both free-view and fixation conditions. These findings suggest that there are differences in the perceptual processing of creative individuals.

scholarly journals Magnetoencephalographic Activity Related to Conscious Perception Is Stable within Individuals across Years but Not between Individuals

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 840-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian Sandberg ◽  
Gareth Robert Barnes ◽  
Geraint Rees ◽  
Morten Overgaard
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Classification Algorithms ◽  
Conscious Perception ◽  
Large Drop ◽  
Decoding Accuracy

Studies indicate that conscious perception is related to changes in neural activity within a time window that varies between 130 and 320 msec after stimulus presentation, yet it is not known whether such neural correlates of conscious perception are stable across time. Here, we examined the generalization across time within individuals and across different individuals. We trained classification algorithms to decode conscious perception from neural activity recorded during binocular rivalry using magnetoencephalography (MEG). The classifiers were then used to predict the perception of the same participants during different recording sessions either days or years later as well as between different participants. No drop in decoding accuracy was observed when decoding across years compared with days, whereas a large drop in decoding accuracy was found for between-participant decoding. Furthermore, underlying percept-specific MEG signals remained stable in terms of latency, amplitude, and sources within participants across years, whereas differences were found in all of these domains between individuals. Our findings demonstrate that the neural correlates of conscious perception are stable across years for adults, but differ across individuals. Moreover, the study validates decoding based on MEG data as a method for further studies of correlations between individual differences in perceptual contents and between-participant decoding accuracies.

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