scholarly journals Encounters with Antisemitism

2020 ◽  
pp. 289-308
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kamusella
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Bloc ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
Jewish Survivors ◽  
Jewish Religion

Encounters with AntisemitismThe Holocaust destroyed Jewish communities across Europe and in Poland. Subsequently, in the Soviet bloc, most Jewish survivors were expelled from or coerced into leaving their countries, while the memory of the millennium-long presence of Jews in Poland was thoroughly suppressed. Through the lens of a scholar’s personal biography, this article reflects on how snippets of the Jewish past tend to linger on in the form of absent presences, despite the national and systemic norm of erasing any remembrance of Poles of the Jewish religion. This norm used to be the dominant type of antisemitism in communist Poland after 1968, and has largely continued unabated after the fall of communism. Spotkania z antysemityzmemZagłada zniszczyła społeczności żydowskie w Europie i w Polsce. Następnie w bloku sowieckim większość Żydów, która przeżyła, wygnano lub zmuszono do wyjazdu, a pamięć o tysiącletniej obecności Żydów w Polsce została całkowicie stłumiona. Artykuł ten, z perspektywy osobistej biografii badacza, stanowi zadumę nad tym, jak fragmenty żydowskiej przeszłości mają tendencję do trwania w formie nieobecnej obecności, pomimo systemowo-narodowej normy wymazywania jakiejkolwiek pamięci o Polakach religii żydowskiej. Norma ta była dominującym rodzajem antysemityzmu w komunistycznej Polsce po roku 1968. Po upadku komunizmu raczej nic się nie zmieniło w tym względzie.

Return, Relief, and Rehabilitation

2015 ◽  
pp. 22-72
Author(s):  
David H. Weinberg
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
Community Agencies ◽  
Initial Strategy ◽  
Post War ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Relief Efforts ◽  
Jewish Survivors

This chapter discusses the start of the relief effort for the Jews of post-war France, Belgium, and the Netherlands after the Second World War. The initial strategy devised by the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC) and other international Jewish organizations in 1945 in France, Belgium, and the Netherlands was to leave relief efforts to others. While working to secure Jewish representation on local aid committees that had been created by Christian charities, the Red Cross, and individual political parties, they would piggyback on the numerous relief efforts that Jewish communities in the three countries had themselves established during the war or had initiated at the time of liberation. Where possible, they would also demand that national governments assist Jewish survivors. In the absence of support from private aid groups and despite their weakened condition, a variety of local Jewish community agencies did what they could to aid survivors. Ultimately, in the first two decades after the war, American and other international organizations would be only partially successful in restructuring the Jewish communities of western Europe.

Lost Landscapes: In Search of the Jews of Poland,

2000 ◽  
pp. 446-449
Author(s):  
Agata TuszyńSka ◽  
Madeline Levine
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
Isaac Bashevis Singer ◽  
Historical Contextualization ◽  
Polish Jews ◽  
Jewish Survivors

(New York: William Morrow, 1998); pp. viii + 184 In Lost Landscapes Agata Tuszyńska pulls together diverse threads: a literary and historical contextualization of the work of Isaac Bashevis Singer, contemporary Poles’ current views on Jews, and Polish Jewish survivors’ perspectives on Poland and on Singer’s writing. The essays are not connected as a single narrative, but hang together as a book through the implication of the continuing connection between Jews and Poles. For Poles, the old Jewish communities’ absence in most of Poland has left a shadow. For Polish Jews, memories of Poland, its land and language, persist like an echo. The landscapes of the title unite both groups, as surviving expatriate Polish Jews of Singer’s generation remember Poland, and Poles remember their absent and murdered Jewish neighbours....

Jack Kugelmass and Jonathan Boyarin, translators and editors. From a Ruined Garden. The Memorial Books of Polish Jewry. New York: Schocken Books. 1983. Pp. xv, 275.

2004 ◽  
pp. 407-409
Author(s):  
Władysław T. Bartoszewski
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Large Majority ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Entire Nation ◽  
Jewish Survivors ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter evaluates From a Ruined Garden (1983), which was translated and edited by Jack Kugelmass and Jonathan Boyarin. How does one commemorate the destruction of millions of people, indeed of an entire nation, without being overwhelmed by the enormity of the numbers? How can one grieve for and honour so many human beings on an individual plane and accord to their memory the dignity which they were denied? Jewish survivors of the Holocaust responded to this by creating a unique tombstone — a collection of yizker bikher, memorial books. A large majority of these books, around four hundred volumes, commemorate Polish Jewish communities, providing an extraordinary insight into the life of the shtetl. From a Ruined Garden is an anthology of fragments from over 60 memorial books of Polish Jewry. The translators and editors of this volume have done a most important job of introducing yizker bikher to a wider, English-speaking audience.

THE REPRESENTATION OF POWER IN JOKO WIDODO’S SPEECH

LINGUISTICA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serius Afandi Bukit And Muhammad Natsir
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Dominant Type

This study aims at figuring out how power can be seen in the Joko Widodo’sspeech. what is the dominant type of power used in Joko Widodo’s speech andwhy. It deals with the tenor which is focused on the power. This research useddescriptive qualitative method in which the writer analized the data by describingthe power that realized in the Joko Widodo’s speech. The data of this study takenfrom article in the internet. The data were the speech of Joko Widodo, it takesfrom different four speech that Jokowi have done in different place and situation.The writer found that the power in Joko widodo’s speech mostly is equal whileJokowi speak in the international situation.

LEXICAL AMBIGUITY IN READING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXTS FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Putri Sembiring And Sortha Silitonga
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Lexical Ambiguity ◽  
School Students ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Ambiguous Words ◽  
Reading Materials ◽  
English Textbooks ◽  
Senior High School Students

The objectives of this study were to find out the types of lexical ambiguity and the most dominant type of lexical ambiguity used in analytical exposition texts in English Today 2 and Advanced Learning English 2 textbooks. This study was conducted by using descriptive qualitative method. The research was mainly focused on the four types of lexical ambiguity proposed by Saeed, such as homonymy, polysemy, synonymy and antonymy. In carrying out this study, the data were taken from analytical exposition texts in reading materials and exercise material from the two English textbooks which contained of ambiguous words. The result of the study indicated the numbers of lexical ambiguity were 46 words within homonymy (34,8%), polysemy (28,2%), synonymy (19,6%), and antonymy (17,4%).

Speech Acts by the Governor Candidates of North Sumatera in Political Debates

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya Dwi Amalia Zati ◽  
Sumarsih Sumarsih ◽  
Lince Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
The Way ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The objectives of the research were to describe the types of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera, to derive the dominant type of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera and to elaborate the way of five governor candidates of North Sumatera use speech acts in televised political debates. This research was conducted by applying descriptive qualitative research. The findings show that there were only four types of speech acts used in televised political debates, Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara, they were assertives, directives, commissives and expressives. The dominant type of speech acts used in both televised political debates was assertives, with 82 utterances or 51.6% in Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and 36 utterances or 41.37% in Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara. The way of governor candidates of North Sumatera used speech acts in televised political debates is in direct speech acts, they spoke straight to the point and clearly in order to make the other candidates and audiences understand their utterances.   Keywords: Governor Candidate; Political Debate; Speech Acts

Politeness Strategies in Political Language

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Isnaini ◽  
Busmin Gurning ◽  
Edy Setia
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Political Language ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Illocutionary Acts ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Positive Strategy ◽  
Distance Relationship ◽  
Negative Strategy

This study deals with politeness strategies in political language. The aim of the study is to describe how Indonesian politicians realize politeness in their language. The subject was taken nine parties who have representatives. They come from different parties: Democrat, Golkar, PDIP, PKS, PPP, PKB, PAN, Gerindra and Hanura. Data were classified and verified with reference to the criteria of politeness strategies as determined by Brown & Levinson (1987); cover the bald on record strategy, positive strategy, negative strategy and off-record strategy. The finding show that there were four types of politeness strategies used by Politicians in different of types of illocutionary acts; positive strategy, bald on record strategy, negative strategy, and off-record strategy. The most dominant type of politeness strategies used was positive strategy. The most dominant type was due to fact that speakers in interaction try to get closer the hearers. They use the group identity marker in addressing someone so there is no distance relationship between the speaker and hearer. They also gave the reasons when they speak in order to satisfy the hearer. Key words: politician; political language; politeness strategy

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