Spine Metastasis of Thymic Carcinoma in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report and Comprehensive Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 289-294
Author(s):  
Kadir Oktay ◽  
Ebru Guzel ◽  
Okay Baykara ◽  
Mevlana Akbaba ◽  
Ibrahim Sari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Thymic Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Spinal Instability ◽  
Pediatric Case ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Intrathoracic Tumor ◽  
History Of

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Thymic carcinoma metastases of the spinal column are very rare, especially in pediatric patients. To our knowledge, this is the first such pediatric case in the literature. <b><i>Case Presentation:</i></b> We report the case of a 14-year-old male patient with T12 and L1 metastases of thymic carcinoma. He had history of thymectomy and intrathoracic tumor resection 7 months previously. The patient’s neurological condition deteriorated; therefore, tumor resection and decompression of the spinal canal were performed. He underwent instrumentation and fusion procedures to prevent spinal instability. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The main purpose of the treatment is gross total resection of the thymic carcinoma. However, adjuvant methods such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy should be added to the treatment protocol in patients who have higher stage diseases or those in whom total tumor resection cannot be achieved.

scholarly journals A Case of Whistle as Foreign Body in Trachea

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1281-1286
Author(s):  
Puspa Zuleika
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Rigid Bronchoscopy ◽  
Foreign Body Aspiration ◽  
Foreign Object ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Foreign Body Extraction ◽  
Tracheobronchial Foreign Body ◽  
History Of

Background. Most of foreign body aspiration cases are found in children under the age of fifteen. Pediatric patients often presents with non-food foreign body aspiration, such as toys. The most common clinical manifestation are history of choking following foreign object insertion into the mouth (85%), paroxysmal cough (59%), wheezing (57%) and airway obstruction (5%). Case presentation. Main principle of airway foreign body extraction is to do it immediately in the most optimal condition with slightest possible trauma. Rigid bronchoscopy is a suitable choice for tracheal foreign body extraction. We reported a case of seven years old male with tracheal foreign body presented with history of whistle ingestion five hours prior to admission. This patient was discharged from hospital after third days of rigid bronchoscopy procedure. Conclusion. History of foreign body aspiration in children should be suspected as a tracheobronchial foreign body. Rigid bronchoscopy is preferred to extract foreign bodies present in the trachea. The prognosis for tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration is good if the foreign body is treated early and without complications.

scholarly journals A Solitary Giant Neurofibroma of Inguinal Region—A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiying Zhou ◽  
Hui Lu
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Inguinal Region ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Neurogenic Tumors ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Giant Neurofibroma ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recurrence Tendency

Abstract Background:Neurofibroma is a rare nerve sheath tumorofneuroectodermal origin, especially the huge and isolated neurofibroma located in the inguinal region. To our knowledge, no such case has previously been reported.Case presentation:We report a case of 34-year-old male patient with a 4-year history of progressive enlargement of the medial root mass in his left thigh with sitting and standing disorders along with pain. The tumor was completely removed by operation, and pathological diagnosisshowed neurofibroma. There was no obvious neurologic defect after surgery, and no recurrence tendency was found in the follow-up of 2years.Conclusions:For a large solitary mass with slow growth and no malignant clinical manifestations for a long time, clinicians can not rule out the hypothetical diagnosis of neurofibroma, even though its growth site is very rare, such as this case of a huge tumor located in the groin. For neurogenic tumors, early operation should be performed, and the prognosis of patients after tumor resection isexcellent.

scholarly journals Management of pleural empyema in a 12-year-old obese patient with COVID-19: a pediatric case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Abbasi ◽  
Farnaz Sadat Javanmardi ◽  
Ahmad Mokhtari ◽  
Parisa Hosseinpour ◽  
Reza Shahriarirad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Pleural Empyema ◽  
Pleural Drainage ◽  
Pediatric Case ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Atypical Presentations ◽  
New Mutations

Abstract Background With the ongoing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, along with the development of new mutations of the virus and an increase in the number of cases among pediatrics, physicians should be aware and alerted on the atypical presentations of the disease, especially in less expected individuals. Case presentation Here we present a 12-year-old obese boy (BMI = 37.5 kg/m2) who presented with empyema, which was following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patient had no history of fever. Due to the onset of dyspnea, a chest tube was inserted for him which was later altered to a pleural drainage needle catheter. Conclusion Our case is the first report of COVID-19 presenting as empyema among pediatrics. Pleural empyema should be considered as a rare complication of COVID-19. Since there is still no guideline in the management of empyema in the context of COVID-19, delay in diagnosis and intervention may cause morbidity and mortality in children.

scholarly journals Granulomatous Lesion in Inserted Gum-Metastasis of Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma. Case Presentation

2019 ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Francisco Germán Villanueva Sánchez DDS,MSc,PhD ◽  
David Fonseca Lozada DDS ◽  
Claudia Ivonne Rojas Sánchez DDS ◽  
Lilia Haidé Escalante Macías DDS, MSc
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Granulomatous Lesions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Worldwide, renal carcinoma constitutes 3% of all forms of cancer in the human body. Its biological behavior is variable depending on the biology of each individual; it tends to metastasize to contiguous sites such as adrenal glands, liver, lung, bone, lymph nodes, however, remote presentation in the oral cavity is less frequent, even in inserted gums. Granulomatous lesions of the periodontium include pyogenic granulomas, giant cell granulomas among others. The main objective of this clinical case is to describe the clinical and histopathological characteristics of oral cavity metastases as granulomatous lesions. The case of a 60-year-old female patient with a history of renal cell papillary carcinoma in the right kidney treated by nephrectomy in 2017 is presented, in 2019 she presented metastases to the left lung and oral cavity. It is currently under treatment protocol for renal clear cell metastases.

scholarly journals Small intestinal submucosal lipoma: a rare cause of secondary intussusception in a child

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taycir Cheikhrouhou ◽  
Mahdi Ben Dhaw ◽  
Mohamed Zouari ◽  
Hayet Zitouni ◽  
Rim Kallel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Lead Point ◽  
Intestinal Tumors ◽  
Pediatric Case ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Small Intestinal

Abstract Background Intestinal lipomas are benign, non-epithelial, intestinal tumors with an exceptionally rare localization at the ileum. Lipomas in the small intestine occur mainly in elderly patients and seldom occur in childhood. They are frequently asymptomatic, possibly due to their slow growth. These tumors may act as a lead point of intussusception. Case presentation We report a rare case of double compounded ileo-ileal intussusception due to a submucosal intestinal lipoma in an 8-year-old female. To our knowledge, this is only the seventh pediatric case to be reported in the medical literature. Conclusions Small intestinal submucosal lipoma should be considered in case of intussusception in pediatric patients. Surgical resection seems sufficient in case of symptomatic intestinal lipoma with low morbidity.

A 10-year experience using combined lipid-lowering pharmacotherapy in children and adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Beatriz Araujo ◽  
María Sol Pacce
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Treatment Goal ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Treatment Goals ◽  
History Of

AbstractBackground:Current pediatric guidelines for heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) propose pharmacotherapy (PT) with statins from age 8 to 10 years; however, schemes with absorption inhibitors combined with statins, could be started earlier. The aim of the study was to show the 10-year results of a combined treatment protocol.Methods:Prospective, descriptive and analytical study. Pediatric patients (n=70; mean age at PT initiation 9.3 years [range, 2–17.5]) with HeFH who required PT between 2005 and 2015 were included. All patients ≥10 years, with LDL >190 mg/dL or >160 mg/dL with one cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF) or >130 mg/dL with two or more CVRF; and those patients 5–10 years and with LDL-C >240 mg/dL or a family history of a cardiovascular event before 40 years, were medicated. After a period on a lipid-lowering diet (LLD), all patients were started on ezetimibe. Patients who did not achieve the treatment goal were given statins. The variables were: age, age at PT initiation, duration of PT, initial LDL-C, mean LDL-C during ezetimibe monodrug therapy, mean LDL-C during combined PT, and percentage of LDL decrease.Results:LDL-C levels were: Baseline: 235 mg/dL±55; after 3 months on ezetimibe: 167 mg/dL±47 (decrease: −27.62%). In 18 patients who did not reach the treatment goal atorvastatin was added and their LDL-C decreased −41.5% (p: 0.02). Overall, mean final LDL-C was 155 mg/dL±30.4 (range, 98–257) and treatment goals were reached in 74% of the patients. No severe side effects were reported.Conclusions:Combined and sequential treatment starting at early ages was shown to be safe and effective over this follow-up period.

scholarly journals Pediatric P-ANCA Vasculitis following COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaron Fireizen ◽  
Cyrus Shahriary ◽  
Maria Imperial ◽  
Inderpal Randhawa ◽  
Nastasia Nianiaris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pediatric Case ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Necrotizing Glomerulonephritis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Complex Deposition ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Pulse Steroids

Background: Perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (P-ANCA), a subset of ANCA, are associated with a multisystem vasculitis affecting small blood vessels in the body. A handful of adult patients who developed vasculitis post-COVID-19 infection have been reported. Although COVID-19 infection has been shown to drive an exaggerated immune response in the pediatric population, such as MIS-C (multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children), only one case of vasculitis following COVID-19 infection has been reported previously in children. Case presentation: Seventeen-year-old male with a past medical history of COVID-19 pneumonia two months prior presented with acute kidney injury/failure and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH). Rheumatologic workup revealed P-ANCA and Myeloperoxidase (MPO) positivity. Kidney biopsy showed necrotizing glomerulonephritis with limited immune complex deposition. Subsequently, he was treated with pulse steroids, plasmapheresis, and ultimately started on cyclophosphamide. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this report presents the second reported pediatric case of P-ANCA / MPO vasculitis following COVID-19 infection.

Spinal instability and deformity due to neoplastic conditions

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl R. Fourney ◽  
Ziya L. Gokaslan
Keyword(s):  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Spinal Instability ◽  
Spinal Stability ◽  
Major Goal ◽  
Surgical Options

In addition to tumor resection, a major goal of spine surgery involving tumors is the preservation or achievement of spinal stability. The criteria defining stability, originally developed for use in trauma, are not directly applicable in the setting of neoplasia. The authors discuss the most common patterns of tumor-related instability and deformity at all levels of the spinal column and review the surgical options for treatment.

scholarly journals Aneurysmal Bone Cysts of the Spine in Children: A Review of 18 Cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 875-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis R. Sayago ◽  
Rodrigo G. Remondino ◽  
Carlos A. Tello ◽  
Lucas Piantoni ◽  
Ida A. Francheri Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Nonsurgical Treatment ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Neurological Involvement ◽  
Spinal Instability ◽  
Intralesional Injection ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Nonsurgical Management

Study Design: Retrospective study. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical presentation, treatments, outcome, complications, and recurrence rate in the surgical and nonsurgical management of spinal aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) in a series of 18 pediatric patients. Methods: Between 1988 and 2014, we evaluated 18 pediatric patients diagnosed with ABC confirmed by pathology studies. We analyzed clinical and radiological features, non-surgical and surgical treatment, outcome, and complications. Results: The series included 12 male and 6 female patients with a mean age of 10 years and 4 months, with a mean follow-up of 5 years. Location of the ABC was lumbar in 8, cervical in 7, thoracic in 2, and sacral in 1 case. Axial pain was the most common symptom followed by radicular involvement. Surgery was performed in the presence of spine instability or neurological involvement (tumor resection) and in the remaining, nonsurgical treatment (percutaneous intralesional injection of methylprednisolone and calcitonin). Recurrence was observed in 4 patients requiring reintervention. There were no procedure-related complications. Conclusion: In patients without neurological involvement or spinal instability, nonsurgical treatment is the treatment of choice. Total or subtotal removal combined with posterior instrumented spinal fusion is recommended in cases with a neurological deficit. Both procedures have shown good long-term results.

Aspergillus Spondylodiscitis After Spinal Stenosis Surgery: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3 And 4) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Mohsen Aghapoor ◽  
◽  
Babak Alijani Alijani ◽  
Mahsa Pakseresht-Mogharab ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Lumbar Pain ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Death Case ◽  
Therapeutic Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Probable Diagnosis

Background and Importance: Spondylodiscitis is an inflammatory disease of the body of one or more vertebrae and intervertebral disc. The fungal etiology of this disease is rare, particularly in patients without immunodeficiency. Delay in diagnosis and treatment of this disease can lead to complications and even death. Case Presentation: A 63-year-old diabetic female patient, who had a history of spinal surgery and complaining radicular lumbar pain in both lower limbs with a probable diagnosis of spondylodiscitis, underwent partial L2 and complete L3 and L4 corpectomy and fusion. As a result of pathology from tissue biopsy specimen, Aspergillus fungi were observed. There was no evidence of immunodeficiency in the patient. The patient was treated with Itraconazole 100 mg twice a day for two months. Pain, neurological symptom, and laboratory tests improved. Conclusion: The debridement surgery coupled with antifungal drugs can lead to the best therapeutic results.

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