Effect of Progressive Resistance Training on Circulating Adipogenesis-, Myogenesis-, and Inflammation-Related microRNAs in Healthy Older Adults: An Exploratory Study

Gerontology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 562-570
Author(s):  
Hung-Wen Liu ◽  
Hao-Chien Cheng ◽  
Shun-Hsi Tsai ◽  
Wen-Hsien Sun
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Fold Change ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Circulating Mirnas ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Walking Capacity ◽  
Physiological Adaptations

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Functional and physiological adaptations induced by resistance training have been extensively studied in older adults. However, microRNA (miRNA) as the novel regulator in protective effects remains poorly understood. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The purpose of an exploratory study was to analyze the response of a panel of circulating miRNAs to adaptations mediated by resistance training. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Ten healthy older adults (age: 67.6 ± 2.2 years, 7 women and 3 men) without previous experience in resistance training were recruited. Blood samples were collected at baseline and after a 12-week resistance training. Next-generation sequencing was used to determine circulating miRNA responses to chronic resistance training. <b><i>Results:</i></b> After the 12-week training, physical functions including grip strength, lower body strength and endurance, and walking capacity were improved in the older adults, while the serum levels of leptin (from 18.1 ± 20.0 to 14.9 ± 17.6 ng/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.029) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα; from 4.4 ± 0.6 to 4.0 ± 0.6 pg/mL, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) were significantly decreased. In addition, adipogenesis-related miRNAs (miR-103a-3p, -103b, -143-5p, -146b-3p, -146b-5p, -17-5p, -181a-2-3p, -181b-5p, -199a-5p, -204-3p, and -378c), anti-adipogenesis-related miRNAs (miR-155-3p, -448, and -363-3p), myogenesis-related miRNAs (miR-125b-1-3p, -128-3p, -133a-3p, 155-3p, -181a-2-3p, -181b-5p, -199a-5p, -223-3p, and -499a-5p), and inflammation-related miRNAs (miR-146b-3p, -146b-5p, -155-3p, -181a-2-3p, and -181b-5p) were changed significantly in the older adults after training (fold change &#x3e;2, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). The log<sub>2</sub> fold change of miRNA-125-1-3p was inversely correlated with delta walking time (<i>R</i> = –0.685, <i>p</i> = 0.029) and change in insulin-like growth factor 1 (<i>R</i> = –0.644, <i>p</i> = 0.044). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our results can help explain the link between specific circulating miRNAs and beneficial effects of resistance training on functional and physiological adaptations in older adults.

The evaluation of walking footwear on postural stability in healthy older adults: An exploratory study

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 885-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Brenton-Rule ◽  
Sandra Bassett ◽  
Annie Walsh ◽  
Keith Rome
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Healthy Older Adults

scholarly journals Resistance training improves mobility disability in community-dwelling older adults: a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 904-904
Author(s):  
Christina Prevett ◽  
Kevin Moncion ◽  
Stuart Phillips ◽  
Julie Richardson ◽  
Ada Tang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mobility Disability ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Walking Capacity ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Mobility disability is the impairment in function that affects the performance of daily tasks due to declines in physical function. Exercise interventions, particular resistance training, may have a positive impact on mobility disability, but the evidence for the effects of resistance training in older adults with mobility disability has not been previously systematically reviewed. This study was a systematic review of evidence related to resistance training on physical function for adults over 65 years of age with mobility disability. Four databases (PEDro, MedLine, Ovid, Web of Science) were searched from inception to February 2, 2021 for randomized controlled trials. Twenty-four articles from 22 studies (3,656 participants) were included in the review. Mean participant age ranged from 63-87 years and exercise interventions ranged from 10 weeks to 12 months in duration. Greater changes in 6-minute Walk Test (6MWT) distance (n=638, p&lt;0.0001; mean difference (MD) 16.1 metres; 95%CI 12.3-19.9), lower extremity strength (n=785, p&lt;0.0001; standard MD 2.01; 95%CI 1.27-2.75) and usual gait speed (n=2,106, p&lt;0.001; MD 0.05 metres/second, 95%CI 0.03-0.07) were seen with resistance training as compared to control. These results were maintained if resistance training was a sole intervention or a component of a multi-component program. Sensitivity analysis based on risk of bias concerns did not change results. This review demonstrates that resistance training improves walking capacity, strength and walking speed in community-dwelling older adults and may facilitate aging in place. Since improvements in strength and gait speed contribute to independence, our results indicate highly beneficial outcomes for older persons.

scholarly journals Effects of Prolonged Whey Protein Supplementation and Resistance Training on Biomarkers of Vitamin B12 Status: A 1-Year Randomized Intervention in Healthy Older Adults (the CALM Study)

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2015
Author(s):  
Eva Greibe ◽  
Søren Reitelseder ◽  
Rasmus L. Bechshøft ◽  
Jacob Bülow ◽  
Grith W. Højfeldt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Methylmalonic Acid ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Study Population

We investigated the effect of long-term whey supplementation on biomarkers of B12 status in healthy older adults subjected to different schemes of supplements and exercise. The total study population examined at baseline consisted of 167 healthy older adults (age ≥ 65 year) who were randomized to 1-y intervention with two daily supplements of (1) whey protein (3.1 µg B12/day) (WHEY-ALL), (2) collagen (1.3 µg B12/day) (COLL), or (3) maltodextrin (0.3 µg B12/day) (CARB). WHEY-ALL was comprised of three groups, who performed heavy resistance training (HRTW), light resistance training (LITW), or no training (WHEY). Dietary intake was assessed through 3-d dietary records. For the longitudinal part of the study, we included only the participants (n = 110), who met the criteria of ≥ 50% compliance to the nutritional intervention and ≥ 66% and ≥ 75% compliance to the heavy and light training, respectively. Fasting blood samples collected at baseline and 12 months and non-fasting samples collected at 6 and 18 months were examined for methylmalonic acid, B12 and holotranscobalamin. At baseline, the study population (n = 167) had an overall adequate dietary B12 intake of median (range) 5.3 (0.7–65) µg/day and median B12 biomarker values within reference intervals. The whey intervention (WHEY-ALL) caused an increase in B12 (P < 0.0001) and holotranscobalamin (P < 0.0001). In addition, methylmalonic acid decreased in the LITW group (P = 0.04). No change in B12 biomarkers was observed during the intervention with collagen or carbohydrate, and the training schedules induced no changes. In conclusion, longer-term daily whey intake increased plasma B12 and holotranscobalamin in older individuals. No effect of intervention with collagen or carbohydrate or different training regimes was observed. Interestingly, the biomarkers of B12 status appeared to be affected by fasting vs. non-fasting conditions during sample collection.

Comparison of Creatine Supplementation Before Versus After Supervised Resistance Training in Healthy Older Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren G. Candow ◽  
Gordon A. Zello ◽  
Binbing Ling ◽  
Jonathan P. Farthing ◽  
Philip D. Chilibeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
Healthy Older Adults

scholarly journals WATER-BASED EXERCISE AND RESISTANCE TRAINING IMPROVE COGNITION IN OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natáli Valim Oliver Bento-Torres ◽  
João Bento-Torres ◽  
Alessandra Mendonça Tomás ◽  
Luís Gustavo Torres de Souza ◽  
Jéssica Oliveira de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Functional Exercise ◽  
Functional Exercise Capacity

ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical exercise has been associated with maintenance of physical abilities and the reduction of age-related cognitive decline, and is considered both a low-cost primary prevention strategy and a non-pharmacological treatment of cognitive dysfunction in older people. However, the contribution of each type of physical exercise to the cognitive health of the elderly population has not yet been fully investigated. Objective: This study investigated the possible influences of water-based and resistance training exercises on the cognitive performance of healthy older adults in automated tests, and investigated which test(s) would be the most effective indicator of differences in aging cognitive performance. Methods: Three groups of community-dwelling healthy older adults: water-based exercise group, resistance training group and sedentary group, were assessed using an automated set of neuropsychological tests (CANTAB) and tests to assess functional exercise capacity. Results were compared by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson linear correlation. Results: The water-based exercise group had the best functional exercise capacity scores and the best performance in the reaction time evaluation (response and movement latencies). The resistance training group had less movement latency than the sedentary group. Functional mobility was positively correlated with response and movement latency. Conclusions: Taken together our findings show that physical exercise contributes to the preservation of cognitive function in healthy older adults and that water-based exercise has better results than resistance training in terms of reaction time. Moreover, the changes related to reaction time function were detected before the changes in working memory functions, sustained attention and learning in the sedentary participants, suggesting that this variable could be an early sensitive indicator of subtle cognitive changes associated with aging. Level of Evidence II; Retrospective study.

Staying Strong Together: Older People Engaging in Resistance Training With a Peer

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Paige Watkins ◽  
Anne-Marie Hill ◽  
Ian K. Thaver ◽  
Elissa Burton
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Older People ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Retirement Village ◽  
Semistructured Interviews

The aim of this qualitative exploratory study was to investigate older adults’ perceptions of having a peer to encourage their participation in resistance training. The participants were recruited from a retirement village to undergo a 6-week resistance training program. Some participants attended a center; others participated in their home. Data were collected via semistructured interviews and analyzed thematically using a six-phase framework to obtain the participants’ perspectives about the peer support they received. The participants (n = 21) had divergent views about peer support, with some finding it enabling, while others did not find it helpful. Overall, the participants suggested that peer support could be beneficial if offered as a choice. Further research is needed to determine whether peer support assists in sustaining resistance training engagement among older adults when the aspect of choice is included.

scholarly journals Effect of resistance training on muscle strength and rate of force development in healthy older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedrode Camargo Guizelini ◽  
Rafael Alves de Aguiar ◽  
Benedito Sérgio Denadai ◽  
Fabrizio Caputo ◽  
Camila Coelho Greco
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Rate Of Force Development ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Force Development
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