Branched-Chain Amino Acids Depletion during Hemodialysis Is Associated with Fatigue

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 565-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subrata Debnath ◽  
Carlos Lorenzo ◽  
Shweta Bansal ◽  
Juan Morales ◽  
Rain O. Rueda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Dialysis Session ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fatigue Score ◽  
Branched Chain

Background: Fatigue is one of the most debilitating symptoms reported by maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Hemodialysis causes marked depletion in plasma essential amino acids. We studied the cross-sectional relationship of pre- and post-hemodialysis branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) concentrations with fatigue in MHD patients. Methods: MHD patients self-reported fatigue during a dialysis session using the Brief Fatigue Inventory. Pre- and post-dialysis plasma levels of BCAAs (valine, leucine, and isoleucine) were measured using HPLC-mass spectrometry. Results: The mean age of study participants (n = 114) was 54.8 ± 12.8 years. Plasma levels of BCAAs decreased significantly post-dialysis compared to pre-dialysis (303.8 ± 9.4 vs. 392.1 ± 9.4 μM/L, p < 0.0001). Fatigue score increased as a function of age (p = 0.015). There was no association between pre-dialysis plasma levels of BCAAs and fatigue. A significant negative correlation was found between post-dialysis plasma levels of BCAAs and fatigue (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that disruption in BCAAs homeostasis may play a role in precipitating fatigue.

scholarly journals Branched-Chain Amino Acids Have Equivalent Effects to Other Essential Amino Acids on Lifespan and Aging-Related Traits in Drosophila

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Juricic ◽  
Sebastian Grönke ◽  
Linda Partridge
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dietary Nitrogen ◽  
Compensatory Feeding ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) have been suggested to be particularly potent activators of Target of Rapamycin (TOR) signaling. Moreover, increased circulating BCAAs are associated with higher risk of insulin resistance and diabetes in both mice and humans, and with increased mortality in mice. However, it remains unknown if BCAAs play a more prominent role in longevity than do other essential amino acids (EAAs). To test for a more prominent role of BCAAs in lifespan and related traits in Drosophila, we restricted either BCAAs or a control group of three other EAAs, threonine, histidine and lysine (THK). BCAA restriction induced compensatory feeding, lipid accumulation, stress resistance and amelioration of age-related gut pathology. It also extended lifespan in a dietary-nitrogen-dependent manner. Importantly, the control restriction of THK had similar effects on these phenotypes. Our control diet was designed to have every EAA equally limiting for growth and reproduction, and our findings therefore suggest that the level of the most limiting EAAs in the diet, rather than the specific EAAs that are limiting, determines the response of these phenotypes to EAA restriction.

An Overview on Essential Amino Acids and Branched Chain Amino Acids

2019 ◽  
pp. 509-519
Author(s):  
José Miguel Martínez Sanz ◽  
Aurora Norte Navarro ◽  
Elia Salinas García ◽  
Isabel Sospedra López
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Branched Chain

Effect of Euglycemic Insulin Infusion on Plasma Levels of Branched-Chain Amino Acids in Cirrhosis

Hepatology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Marchesini ◽  
Gabriele Forlani ◽  
Marco Zoli ◽  
Cristina Dondi ◽  
Glampaolo Blanchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Branched Chain

Anorexia and Plasma Levels of Free Tryptophan, Branched Chain Amino Acids, and Ghrelin in Hemodialysis Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Bossola ◽  
Donata Scribano ◽  
Luigi Colacicco ◽  
Barbara Tavazzi ◽  
Stefania Giungi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Free Tryptophan ◽  
Branched Chain

scholarly journals Association between dyslipidemia and plasma levels of branched-chain amino acids in the Japanese population without diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 932-939.e2
Author(s):  
Keiko Fukushima ◽  
Sei Harada ◽  
Ayano Takeuchi ◽  
Ayako Kurihara ◽  
Miho Iida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Japanese Population ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Branched Chain

scholarly journals Reduced plasma concentration of branched-chain amino acids in sarcopenic older subjects: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inger Ottestad ◽  
Stine M. Ulven ◽  
Linn K. L. Øyri ◽  
Kristin S. Sandvei ◽  
Gyrd O. Gjevestad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Branched Chain

AbstractBranched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are essential amino acids that are necessary for muscle mass maintenance. Little is known about the plasma concentrations of BCAA and the protein intake in relation to sarcopenia. We aimed to compare the non-fasting plasma concentrations of the BCAA and the dietary protein intake between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic older adults. Norwegian older home-dwelling adults (≥70 years) were invited to a cross-sectional study with no other exclusion criteria than age. Sarcopenic subjects were defined by the diagnostic criteria by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Non-fasting plasma concentrations of eight amino acids were quantified using NMR spectroscopy. Protein intake was assessed using 2×24-h dietary recalls. In this study, ninety out of 417 subjects (22 %) were sarcopenic, and more women (32 %) than men (11 %) were sarcopenic (P<0·0001). Sex-adjusted non-fasting plasma concentrations of leucine and isoleucine, and the absolute intake of protein (g/d), were significantly lower among the sarcopenic subjects, when compared with non-sarcopenic subjects (P=0·003, P=0·026 and P=0·003, respectively). A similar protein intake was observed in the two groups when adjusted for body weight (BW) and sex (1·1 g protein/kg BW per d; P=0·50). We show that sarcopenia is associated with reduced non-fasting plasma concentration of the BCAA leucine and isoleucine, and lower absolute intake of protein. More studies are needed to clarify the clinical relevance of these findings, related to maintenance of muscle mass and prevention of sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Preconception Micronutrient Supplementation Reduced Circulating Branched Chain Amino Acids at 12 Weeks Gestation in an Open Trial of Guatemalan Women Who Are Overweight or Obese

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Borengasser ◽  
Peter Baker ◽  
Mattie Kerns ◽  
Leland Miller ◽  
Alexandra Palacios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Branched Chain

Elevated branched chain amino acids (BCAAs: valine, leucine, and isoleucine) are well-established biomarkers of obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR). Mounting evidence suggests that low- and middle-income countries are suffering from a “double burden” of both undernutrition (growth stunting) and overnutrition (obesity) as these countries undergo a “nutrition transition”. The purpose of this study was to examine if pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) and a daily lipid-based micronutrient supplement (LNS, Nutriset) would lead to cross-sectional differences in circulating levels of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) in Guatemalan women experiencing short stature during early pregnancy. Using data from an ongoing randomized controlled trial, Women First, we studied women who were normal weight (NW, BMI range for this cohort = 20.1–24.1 kg/m2) or overweight/obese (OW/OB, BMI range for this cohort = 25.6–31.9 kg/m2), and divided into two groups: those who received daily LNS ≥ 3 months prior to conception through 12 weeks gestation (+LNS), or no LNS (−LNS) (n = 9–10/group). BCAAs levels were obtained from dried blood spot card samples (DBS) assessed at 12 weeks gestation. DBS cards provide a stable, efficient, and reliable means of collecting, transporting, and storing blood samples in low resource or field settings. Circulating maternal leptin, adiponectin, and insulin were determined by immunoassays from serum samples collected at 12 weeks gestation. We found maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI) was associated with higher circulating BCAAs (r2 = 0.433, p = 0.002) and higher leptin/adiponectin ratio (r = 0.466, p = 0.044) in −LNS mothers at 12 weeks gestation. +LNS mothers demonstrated no correlations between BCAAs or leptin/adiponectin ratio across ppBMI suggesting LNS may be effective at improving metabolic status in OW/OB mothers during early pregnancy.

scholarly journals Relationship between Branched-Chain Amino Acids, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiovascular Risk Profile in a Chinese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Hu ◽  
Luning Sun ◽  
Yingyun Gong ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Panpan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Chinese ◽  
Branched Chain

Objective.This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), metabolic syndrome (MS), and other cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in middle-aged and elderly Chinese population at high risk for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD).Methods.1302 subjects were enrolled from the Huai’an Diabetes Prevention Program.Results.BCAAs levels were positively correlated with MS, its components, and CV risk profile. The odds ratio (OR) for MS among subjects in the fourth quartile of BCAAs levels showed a 2.17-fold increase compared with those in the first quartile. BCAAs were independently associated with high Framingham risk score even after adjusting for MS and its components (P<0.0001). Additionally, the OR for high CV risk was 3.20-fold (P<0.0001) in participants in the fourth BCAAs quartile with MS compared with participants in the first BCAAs quartile without MS.Conclusions.Increased BCAAs levels are independent risk factors of MS and CVD in addition to the traditional factors in middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. The development of CVD in MS patients with high level BCAAs is accelerated. Intervention studies are needed to investigate whether the strategy of BCAAs reduction has impacts on endpoints in patients with higher CV risk. This study is registered withChiCTR-TRC-14005029.

scholarly journals Activation of mTORC1 by leucine is potentiated by branched-chain amino acids and even more so by essential amino acids following resistance exercise

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (11) ◽  
pp. C874-C884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Moberg ◽  
William Apró ◽  
Björn Ekblom ◽  
Gerrit van Hall ◽  
Hans-Christer Holmberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Translation Initiation ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Translation Initiation Factor ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Mtorc1 Signaling ◽  
Branched Chain

Protein synthesis is stimulated by resistance exercise and intake of amino acids, in particular leucine. Moreover, activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling by leucine is potentiated by the presence of other essential amino acids (EAA). However, the contribution of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) to this effect is yet unknown. Here we compare the stimulatory role of leucine, BCAA, and EAA ingestion on anabolic signaling following exercise. Accordingly, eight trained volunteers completed four sessions of resistance exercise during which they ingested either placebo, leucine, BCAA, or EAA (including the BCAA) in random order. Muscle biopsies were taken at rest, immediately after exercise, and following 90 and 180 min of recovery. Following 90 min of recovery the activity of S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) was greater than at rest in all four trials (Placebo<Leucine<BCAA<EAA; P < 0.05 time × supplement), with a ninefold increase in the EAA trial. At this same time point, phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E)-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) at Thr37/46 was unaffected by supplementation, while that of Thr46 alone exhibited a pattern similar to that of S6K1, being 18% higher with EAA than BCAA. However, after 180 min of recovery this difference between EAA and BCAA had disappeared, although with both these supplements the increases were still higher than with leucine (40%, P < 0.05) and placebo (100%, P < 0.05). In summary, EAA ingestion appears to stimulate translation initiation more effectively than the other supplements, although the results also suggest that this effect is primarily attributable to the BCAA.

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