Exploring the Role of Piperacillin and Tazobactam in Combination with Vancomycin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Chemotherapy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Dilworth ◽  
Daniel Sanchez ◽  
Beverly Anderson ◽  
Haedi DeAngelis ◽  
Renée-Claude Mercier
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Accessory Gene ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Accessory Gene Regulator ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibilities ◽  
Strain Type ◽  
Time Kill

Previous studies have demonstrated synergy between piperacillin (PIP)-tazobactam (TAZ) (TZP) and vancomycin (VAN) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, it is unknown whether PIP and/or TAZ synergizes with VAN against MRSA. We sought to determine whether PIP and/or TAZ synergizes with VAN against MRSA in vitro. The activity of PIP and/or TAZ with and without VAN (1/2 the minimum inhibitory concentration) was tested against 5 clinical MRSA isolates using a 24-h time-kill methodology. Antibiotic susceptibilities, accessory gene regulator (agr) operon functionality, and US strain type were also determined for the isolates. The combination of VAN and TZP was bactericidal against 3/5 isolates and synergistic against 4/5 isolates tested. Neither PIP nor TAZ alone combined with VAN demonstrated a significant reduction in bacterial growth. The combination of TZP and VAN was less active against the lone isolate with agr dysfunction. In summation, the combination of VAN with both PIP and TAZ was required for synergy against MRSA. This antibiotic combination may not be effective against unique MRSA strain types.

scholarly journals In Vitro Killing of Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus with Drug Combinations

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 4016-4019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel A. Shelburne ◽  
Daniel M. Musher ◽  
Kristina Hulten ◽  
Heather Ceasar ◽  
Michael Y. Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Combinations ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Common Drug ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
Hospital Acquired

ABSTRACT This study employs time-kill techniques to examine the most common drug combinations used in the therapy of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections, vancomycin plus either gentamicin or rifampin. Community-associated MRSA were more likely to be synergistically inhibited by combinations of vancomycin and gentamicin versus vancomycin alone compared to inhibition associated with hospital-acquired strains.

scholarly journals ComparativeIn VitroActivities of Oritavancin, Dalbavancin, and Vancomycin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in a Nondividing State

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 4342-4345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Belley ◽  
David Lalonde Seguin ◽  
Francis Arhin ◽  
Greg Moeck
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Skin Structure ◽  
Persistent Infections ◽  
Time Kill

ABSTRACTAntibacterial agents that kill nondividing bacteria may be of utility in treating persistent infections. Oritavancin and dalbavancin are bactericidal lipoglycopeptides that are approved for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections in adults caused by susceptible Gram-positive pathogens. Using time-kill methodology, we demonstrate that oritavancin exerts bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) isolates that are maintained in a nondividing statein vitro, whereas dalbavancin and the glycopeptide vancomycin do not.

scholarly journals In Vitro 24-Hour Time-Kill Studies of Vancomycin and Linezolid in Combination versus Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 4495-4497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shveta Rani Singh ◽  
Alfred E. Bacon ◽  
David C. Young ◽  
Kimberly A. Couch
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Conventional Therapy ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Time Kill

ABSTRACT Many clinicians are trying unique strategies, including vancomycin and linezolid in combination, for treatment of patients who do not respond to conventional therapy against methicillin (meticillin)-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. In our study, which illustrated in vitro activity only, no synergistic activity was seen when the two agents were combined. Conversely, antagonistic activity occurred in three of five strains when linezolid was added to vancomycin. Our results indicate that vancomycin and linezolid in combination should be avoided.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Telavancin in a Rabbit Model of Aortic Valve Endocarditis Due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus or Vancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 3163-3165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres G. Madrigal ◽  
Li Basuino ◽  
Henry F. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Daily Regimen ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Time Kill

ABSTRACT The activities of telavancin and vancomycin were compared in vitro and in the rabbit model of aortic valve endocarditis against a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain, COL, and a vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) strain, HIP 5836. Telavancin was bactericidal in time-kill studies at a concentration of 5 μg/ml against both COL and HIP5836. Vancomycin was bacteriostatic at 5 μg/ml and bactericidal at 10 μg/ml against COL and was bacteriostatic at 10 μg/ml against VISA strain HIP 5836. Compared to untreated controls, a twice-daily regimen of 30 mg/kg of telavancin reduced mean aortic valve vegetation titers of the COL strain by 4.7 log10 CFU/g after 4 days of therapy and sterilized 6/11 vegetations compared to 3.4 log10 CFU/g with 3/10 vegetations sterilized for a regimen of twice-daily vancomycin, 30 mg/kg; these differences were not statistically significant. Telavancin was significantly more effective than vancomycin in the VISA model, producing a 5.5 log10 CFU/g reduction versus no reduction in CFU with vancomycin. In experiments comparing 2-day regimens of telavancin at 30 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg twice daily, organisms were rapidly eliminated from vegetations, but the effect was not different between the two doses. These results suggest that telavancin may be an effective treatment for endocarditis and other serious staphylococcal infections accompanied by bacteremia, including infections caused by staphylococci not susceptible to vancomycin.

scholarly journals Bisdemethoxycurcumin Reduces Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Expression of Virulence-Related Exoproteins and Inhibits the Biofilm Formation

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 804
Author(s):  
Shu Wang ◽  
Ok-Hwa Kang ◽  
Dong-Yeul Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Accessory Gene ◽  
Biofilm Inhibition ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Accessory Gene Regulator ◽  
Release Assay ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogen of nosocomial infection, which is resistant to most antibiotics. Presently, anti-virulence therapy and anti-biofilm therapy are considered to be promising alternatives. In the current work, we investigated the influence of bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) on the virulence-related exoproteins and the biofilm formation using a reference strain and clinic isolated strains. Western blotting, quantitative RT-PCR, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) release assay were performed to assess the efficacy of BDMC in reducing the expression of Staphylococcus enterotoxin-related exoproteins (enterotoxin A, enterotoxin B) and α-toxin in MRSA. The anti-biofilm activity of BDMC was evaluated through a biofilm inhibition assay. The study suggests that sub-inhibitory concentrations of BDMC significantly inhibited the expression of sea, seb, and hla at the mRNA level in MRSA. Moreover, the expression of virulence-related exoproteins was significantly decreased by down-regulating accessory gene regulator agr, and the inhibition of biofilms formation was demonstrated by BDMC at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Consequently, the study suggests that BDMC may be a potential natural antibacterial agent to release the pressure brought by antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Microbiological and Genotypic Analysis of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 3441-3443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo McCalla ◽  
Davida S. Smyth ◽  
D. Ashley Robinson ◽  
Judith Steenbergen ◽  
Steven A. Luperchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Accessory Gene ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Accessory Gene Regulator ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia ◽  
Genotypic Analysis ◽  
Vancomycin Mics ◽  
Vancomycin Treatment

ABSTRACT In a recent landmark trial of bacteremia caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates, vancomycin MICs were ≥1 μg/ml for only 16% of the isolates, and accessory gene regulator (agr) function as measured by delta-hemolysin activity was absent or reduced in only 28.1% of the isolates. This clinical study did not capture a population of MRSA isolates predictive of vancomycin treatment failure.

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