scholarly journals A Case of Intussusception Associated with Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 494-498
Author(s):  
Taku Fujiya ◽  
Masahiro Iwabuchi ◽  
Mikako Sugimura ◽  
Katsuaki Ukai ◽  
Keiichi Tadokoro
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Transverse Colon ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis ◽  
Ascending Colon ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Uncommon Disease ◽  
Upper Abdominal ◽  
Mobile Cecum ◽  
Pseudokidney Sign

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) is an uncommon disease that generally lacks symptoms and is rarely associated with intussusception. A 29-year-old man visited our hospital for right upper abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed multiple air-filled cysts along the intestinal wall and a pseudokidney sign in the transverse colon. A gastrographin enema examination showed a so-called crab finger appearance and multiple elevated translucency in the transverse colon. From these findings, the diagnosis of intussusception associated with PCI was made. The enema and manipulative reduction improved the intussusception. Comparing the enema findings before and after the reduction, we thought that mobile cecum could play an important role in the intussusception. Colonoscopy was performed after the reduction and showed multiple elevated lesions in the ascending colon, which were similar to cluster of grapes. The CT scan of the next day revealed no recurrence of the intussusception, and the patient has not had symptoms of recurrence ever since.

scholarly journals Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis: An Unusual Cause of Intestinal Ischemia and Pneumoperitoneum

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayri Ogul ◽  
Berhan Pirimoglu ◽  
Abdullah Kisaoglu ◽  
Leyla Karaca ◽  
Nuri Havan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Intestinal Ischemia ◽  
Plain Film ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Computed Tomography Imaging ◽  
Free Air ◽  
Uncommon Disease

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI), with an unknown etiology, is an uncommon disease characterized by the presence of multiple gas-filled cysts within the submucosa or subserosa of the intestinal wall. Intestinal obstruction and/or perforation are relatively uncommon complications associated with PCI. The patients are often prone to misdiagnosis or mistreatment. The diagnosis of PCI is based on plain radiography or endoscopy. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) provides data on other intra-abdominal pathologies. Therefore, it is an important modality for the diagnosis of PCI. We present a case of PCI in a 58-year-old man affected by peritoneal free air with multidetector computed tomography imaging findings. We performed the plain film of the abdomen, and MDCT studies that showed numerous, diffuse, bubble-like intramural gas collections into the jejunum, ileum, and colon walls at the left-upper quadrant of the abdomen. MDCT findings were confirmed by surgical exploration.

A study on the change in image quality before and after an attenuation correction with the use of a CT image in a SPECT/CT scan

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 2060-2067
Author(s):  
Yong-Soon Park ◽  
Woo-Hyun Kim ◽  
Dong-Oh Shim ◽  
Ho-Sung Kim ◽  
Woon-Kwan Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Attenuation Correction ◽  
Ct Image ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Therapeutic effect of cycloserine combined with anti-tuberculosis drugs in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-424
Author(s):  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Mabin Si ◽  
Zhihui Li ◽  
Xiulei Yu
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Case Detection Rate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Chest X Ray

Purpose: The present study analyzes the comprehensive therapeutic effect of cycloserine, in combination with anti-tuberculosis drugs using chest X-ray and chest CT (computed tomography) scan techniques. Methods: A total of 90 patients, diagnosed with multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) were subjected to chest x-ray and CT scan before and after treatment in the two groups. Different views such as sagittal, coronal, lung window and multiplanar imaging of mediastinal window were taken. Some parameters such as case detection rate (CDR) in chest X-ray and CT scan and comprehensive curative effect were observed in two groups. Further, the changes in chest CT signs in addition to absorption of focus, cavity closure and changes in CT extra pulmonary signs were also observed. Results: The clinical profile of the patients and the course of disease were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Total effectiveness rate and case detection rate (CDR) values exhibited a significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05). Lung consolidation, nodules and cavities significantly improved in both groups before and after the treatment (p < 0.05). Both groups showed significant improvements in extrapulmonary signs in CT scan (p < 0.05) after the treatment. Conclusion: Based on the study outcomes, the CT scan method has good potentials for diagnosing and treating MDR TB at the early stages. Further, it can clarify the signs and outcomes of the disease at early stages, thus providing the medical fraternity a great opportunity to cure the disease.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of ventilatory function through pre and postoperative peak expiratory flow in patients submitted to elective upper abdominal surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAIO FERNANDO CAVANUS SCHEEREN ◽  
JOSÉ JÚLIO SARAIVA GONÇALVES
Keyword(s):  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Ventilatory Function ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedures ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Upper Abdominal ◽  
Upper Abdomen

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the ventilatory function by Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) in the immediate pre and postoperative periods of patients undergoing elective surgical procedures in the upper abdomen. Methods: we conducted a prospective cohort study including 47 patients admitted to the Hospital Regional de Mato Grosso do Sul from July to December 2014, who underwent elective surgeries of the upper abdomen, and submiited to spirometric evaluation and measurement of PEF immediately before and after surgery. Results: of the 47 patients, 22 (46.8%) were male and 25 (53.20%) female. The mean preoperative PEF was 412.1±91.7, and postoperative, 331.0±87.8, indicating significant differences between the two variables. Men had higher PEF values than women, both in the pre and postoperative periods. There was a reasonable inverse correlation between age and decreased PEF. Both situations showed statistical significance (p<0.001). The group of smokers had lower PEF values both before and after surgery. The group of patients with comorbidities (hypertension and/or diabetes) showed lower PEF values both pre and postoperatively (p=0.005). In both groups, surgery resulted in a significant decrease in PEF (p<0.001). The type of surgery performed and the type of anesthesia did not show significant differences. Conclusion: the variables most involved in decreased lung function were: advanced age, smoking and presence of comorbidities. However, there is no consistent evidence to suggest conducting routine spirometry in such patients.

scholarly journals LOCALIZATION OF β-GALACTOSIDASES AND ACID PHOSPHATASE IN THE SMALL INTESTINAL WALL COMPARISON OF ADULT AND SUCKLING RAT

1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTER NORDSTRÖM ◽  
OTAKAR KOLDOVSKÝ ◽  
ARNE DAHLQVIST
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Distribution Profile ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Flat Distribution

By horizontal sectioning of fresh frozen pieces of rat intestinal wall different parts of the villi and crypts were isolated. The sections were collected in groups, homogenized and used for enzyme analyses. Single sections for histologic examination were taken before and after each collection. A quantitative comparison of the distribution of the two intestinal β-galactosidases, EC 3.2.1.23 (neutral and acid β-galactosidase), and the acid phosphatase, EC 3.1.3.2, in jejunum and ileum of adult and suckling (12 days old) rats was performed. The neutral β-galactosidase, which corresponds to the enzyme usually called lactase, was always present along the villi with the highest activities in the apical halves of the villi. This distribution profile is typical for digestion enzymes. The acid β-galactosidase, which is chiefly a heterogalactosidase, and acid phosphatase were found to have a rather flat distribution profile with about the same activities along the villi and in the crypts. The only exception was the ileum of suckling rat, in which especially the acid β-galactosidase showed higher activity in the villi and decreased toward the crypts. The results support the concept that the neutral β-galactosidase is responsible for the digestion of dietary lactose, while the acid β-galactosidase seems to have a different functional significance. That this enzyme is distributed in parallel with the acid phosphatase is consistent with the suggestion that the acid β-galactosidase may be a lysosomal enzyme.

Effect of nivolumab therapy on pulmonary artery.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18266-e18266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovic Fournel ◽  
Jennifer ARRONDEAU ◽  
Pascaline Boudou-Rouquette ◽  
Frederique Girault ◽  
Marie-Pierre Revel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Human Antibody ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fatal Adverse Events

e18266 Background: Nivolumab, a human antibody targeting programmed death 1 receptor, is part of the armamentarium of lung cancer. Serious treatment-related adverse effects have been reported, including pneumonitis, whose mechanism is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of subclinical or patent pulmonary hypertension in patients receiving Nivolumab for advanced lung carcinoma. Methods: Clinical and morphometric data of patients receiving Nivolumab for treatment of advanced lung carcinoma are prospectively collected in our Institution and reviewed monthly by a multidisciplinary panel. For the purposes of the study, a blinded analysis of computed tomography (CT)-scans was performed, by two radiologists, to measure pulmonary artery (PA) and ascending aorta (Ao) diameters at the level of the bifurcation. Pre- and post-treatment PA/Ao ratios were calculated. Results: There were 62 patients with mean age and body mass index of 62.3 years and 24.3 kg/m2, all current or former smokers. Main histological type of carcinomas (stage IV in all cases) was adenocarcinoma (58.1%). Mean PA (+SD) diameters (before and after 4 cycles of Nivolumab [3mg/Kg]) were 26.3 (+/-2.8) mm and 28.0 (+3.0) mm, respectively (p = 4.9*10-7). Mean Pre- and post-treatment by Nivolumab PA/Ao ratios were 0.82 (+0.09) and 0.87 (+0.11), respectively (p < 0.001). There was no significant change in CT-scan aspect of lung parenchyma. Two patients experienced acute respiratory failure at day 52 and 58 after starting of Nivolumab therapy. CT-scan ruled out pulmonary embolism, but we observed PA/Ao ratio > 1 suggesting acute pulmonary hypertension, confirmed by echocardiography. They both died despite intensive care. Even excluding these 2 patients from comparative analysis, PA diameters and PA/Ao ratios remain significantly higher after Nivolumab treatment (both p < 0.001). Conclusions: Nivolumabcan induce subclinical or symptomatic acute pulmonary hypertensionpossibly leading to fatal adverse events.

The Effect of Upper Abdominal Surgery on the Relationship of Airway Closing Point to End Tidal Position

1972 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Alexander ◽  
P. W. Horton ◽  
W. T. Millar ◽  
R. K. Parikh ◽  
A. A. Spence
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Upper Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Before And After ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Upper Abdominal ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Arterial Po2

1. The relationship between end tidal position (ETP) and the point of lung emptying at which there is significant airways closure (CP) has been investigated before and after upper abdominal surgery in thirty-one patients. 2. A significant negative correlation between the index (ETP-CP) and the alveolar-arterial Po2 difference (A-ado2) was found. 3. Nineteen of these patients had a vagotomy and drainage operation and, in this group, there was a greater fall in ETP than in CP in the first and second postoperative days. 4. It is suggested that airway closure is a contributory factor to the known hypoxaemia following abdominal surgery.

scholarly journals Association between Abdominal Fat (DXA) and Its Subcomponents (CT Scan) before and after Weight Loss in Obese Postmenopausal Women: A MONET Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Y. Doyon ◽  
Martin Brochu ◽  
Virginie Messier ◽  
Marie-Ève Lavoie ◽  
May Faraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

Introduction. Subcutaneous fat (ScF) and visceral fat (VF) measurements using CT scan are expensive and may imply significant radiation doses. Cross-sectional studies using CT scan showed that ScF and VF are significantly correlated with abdominal fat measured by DXA (AF-DXA). The association has not been studied after a weight loss.Objective. To determine (1) the associations between AF-DXA and ScF and VF before and after weight loss and (2) the associations between their changes.Methods. 137 overweight/obese postmenopausal women were divided in two groups (1-caloric restriction or 2-caloric restriction + resistance training). AF was assessed using DXA and CT scan.Results. Correlations between AF-DXA and ScF (before:r=0.87, after;r=0.87;P<.01) and, AF-DXA and VF (before:r=0.61, after;r=0.69;P<.01) are not different before and after the weight loss. Correlations between delta AF-DXA and delta ScF (r=0.72;P<.01) or delta VF (r=0.51;P<.01) were found.Conclusion. The use of AF-DXA as a surrogate for VF after weight loss is questionable, but may be interesting for ScF.

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