scholarly journals Protective Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on MC3T3-E1 Osteoblastic Cells Exposed to X-Ray Irradiation

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1510-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuifen Wang ◽  
Eric Blough ◽  
Xiaoniu Dai ◽  
Omolola Olajide ◽  
Henry Driscoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Ceo2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
X Ray

Background/Aims: Exposure to ionizing radiation can result in bone damage, including decreased osteocyte number and suppressed osteoblastic activity. However, molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated, and effective prevention strategies are still limited. This study was to investigate whether cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NP) can protect MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells from damaging effects of X-ray irradiation, and to study the underpinning mechanism(s). Methods: MC3T3-E1, a osteoblast-like cell line, was exposed to X-ray irradiation and treated with different concentration of CeO2 nanoparticles. The micronucleus frequency was counted under a fluorescence microscope. Cell viability was evaluated using MTT assay. The effects of irradiation and CeO2 nanoparticles on alkaline phosphatase activity and MC3T3-E1 mineralization were further assayed. Results: We found that the ratio of micronuclei to binuclei was dose-dependently increased with X-ray irradiation (from 2 to 6 Gy), but diminished with the increased concentration of CeO2 NP treatment (from 50 to 100 nM). Exposure to X-rays (6 Gy) decreased cell viability, differentiation and the mineralization, but CeO2 NP treatment (100 nM) attenuated the deteriorative effects of irradiation. Both intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and extracellular H2O2 concentration were increased after X-ray irradiation, but reduced following CeO2 NP treatment. Similar to irradiation, exposure to H2O2 (10 µM) elevated the frequency of micronuclei and diminished cell viability and mineralization, while these changes were ameliorated following CeO2 NP treatment. Conclusions: Taken together, our findings suggest that CeO2 nanoparticles exhibit astonishing protective effects on irradiation-induced osteoradionecrosis in MC3T3-E1 cells, and the protective effects appear to be mediated, at least partially, by reducing oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Characterization for Biosafe Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-189
Author(s):  
Prathima Prabhu Tumkur ◽  
Nithin Krisshna Gunasekaran ◽  
Babu R. Lamani ◽  
Nicole Nazario Bayon ◽  
Krishnan Prabhakaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Ceo2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Scanning Electron

Due to its excellent physicochemical properties, cerium oxide (CeO2) has attracted much attention in recent years. CeO2 nanomaterials (nanoceria) are widely being used, which has resulted in them getting released to the environment, and exposure to humans (mostly via inhalation) is a major concern. In the present study, CeO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by hydroxide-mediated method and were further characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD). Human lung epithelial (Beas-2B) cells were used to assess the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility activity of CeO2 nanoparticles. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) and Live/Dead assays were performed to determine the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of CeO2 nanoparticles. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by cerium oxide nanoparticles was assessed by ROS assay. MTT assay and Live/Dead assays showed no significant induction of cell death even at higher concentrations (100 μg per 100 μL) upon exposure to Beas-2B cells. ROS assay revealed that CeO2 nanoparticles did not induce ROS that contribute to the oxidative stress and inflammation leading to various disease conditions. Thus, CeO2 nanoparticles could be used in various applications including biosensors, cancer therapy, catalytic converters, sunscreen, and drug delivery.

scholarly journals Cerium oxide nanoparticles: influence of the high-Z component revealed on radioresistant 9L cell survival under X-ray irradiation

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1098-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Briggs ◽  
Stéphanie Corde ◽  
Sianne Oktaria ◽  
Ryan Brown ◽  
Anatoly Rosenfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Nickel-Doped Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles: Green Synthesis Using Stevia and Protective Effect against Harmful Ultraviolet Rays

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (24) ◽  
pp. 4424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Khatami ◽  
Mina Sarani ◽  
Faride Mosazadeh ◽  
Mohammadreza Rajabalipour ◽  
Alireza Izadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ni Doping ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Nanoparticles of cerium oxide CeO2 are important nanomaterials with remarkable properties for use in both industrial and non-industrial fields. In a general way, doping of oxide nanometric with transition metals improves the properties of nanoparticles. In this study, nickel- doped cerium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized from Stevia rebaudiana extract. Both doped and non-doped nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray, Raman spectroscopy, and Vibrating-Sample Magnetometry analysis. According to X-ray diffraction, Raman and Energy Dispersive X-ray crystalline and single phase of CeO2 and Ni doped CeO2 nanoparticles exhibiting fluorite structure with F2g mode were synthesized. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy shows that CeO2 and Ni doped nanoparticles have spherical shape and sizes ranging of 8 to 10 nm. Ni doping of CeO2 results in an increasing of magnetic properties. The enhancement of ultraviolet protector character via Ni doping of CeO2 is also discussed.

Emerging investigator series: molecular mechanisms of plant salinity stress tolerance improvement by seed priming with cerium oxide nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 2214-2228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing An ◽  
Peiguang Hu ◽  
Fangjun Li ◽  
Honghong Wu ◽  
Yu Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Engineered Nanomaterials ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Salinity Stress Tolerance

Engineered nanomaterials interfaced with plant seeds can improve stress tolerance during the vulnerable seedling stage.

Probing the molecular mechanism of cerium oxide nanoparticles in protecting against the neuronal cytotoxicity of Aβ1–42 with copper ions

Metallomics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 644-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqin Zhao ◽  
Qiming Xu ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Dandan Wang ◽  
Jason Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Amyloid Peptides ◽  
Viability Assay

The molecular mechanism of CeONPs in protecting against neuronal cytotoxicity from amyloid peptides and copper ions was investigated systematically by photoluminescence of [Ru(phen)2dppz]2+, morphology of TEM, mass spectroscopy, cell viability assay, ROS fluorescence assay, and EPR.

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