Emerging investigator series: molecular mechanisms of plant salinity stress tolerance improvement by seed priming with cerium oxide nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 2214-2228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing An ◽  
Peiguang Hu ◽  
Fangjun Li ◽  
Honghong Wu ◽  
Yu Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Engineered Nanomaterials ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Salinity Stress Tolerance

Engineered nanomaterials interfaced with plant seeds can improve stress tolerance during the vulnerable seedling stage.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on MC3T3-E1 Osteoblastic Cells Exposed to X-Ray Irradiation

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1510-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuifen Wang ◽  
Eric Blough ◽  
Xiaoniu Dai ◽  
Omolola Olajide ◽  
Henry Driscoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Ceo2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
X Ray

Background/Aims: Exposure to ionizing radiation can result in bone damage, including decreased osteocyte number and suppressed osteoblastic activity. However, molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated, and effective prevention strategies are still limited. This study was to investigate whether cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NP) can protect MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells from damaging effects of X-ray irradiation, and to study the underpinning mechanism(s). Methods: MC3T3-E1, a osteoblast-like cell line, was exposed to X-ray irradiation and treated with different concentration of CeO2 nanoparticles. The micronucleus frequency was counted under a fluorescence microscope. Cell viability was evaluated using MTT assay. The effects of irradiation and CeO2 nanoparticles on alkaline phosphatase activity and MC3T3-E1 mineralization were further assayed. Results: We found that the ratio of micronuclei to binuclei was dose-dependently increased with X-ray irradiation (from 2 to 6 Gy), but diminished with the increased concentration of CeO2 NP treatment (from 50 to 100 nM). Exposure to X-rays (6 Gy) decreased cell viability, differentiation and the mineralization, but CeO2 NP treatment (100 nM) attenuated the deteriorative effects of irradiation. Both intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and extracellular H2O2 concentration were increased after X-ray irradiation, but reduced following CeO2 NP treatment. Similar to irradiation, exposure to H2O2 (10 µM) elevated the frequency of micronuclei and diminished cell viability and mineralization, while these changes were ameliorated following CeO2 NP treatment. Conclusions: Taken together, our findings suggest that CeO2 nanoparticles exhibit astonishing protective effects on irradiation-induced osteoradionecrosis in MC3T3-E1 cells, and the protective effects appear to be mediated, at least partially, by reducing oxidative stress.

Plant ionic relation and whole-plant physiological responses to waterlogging, salinity and their combination in barley

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhinous Falakboland ◽  
Meixue Zhou ◽  
Fanrong Zeng ◽  
Ali Kiani-Pouya ◽  
Lana Shabala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Combined Stress ◽  
Salinity Stress Tolerance ◽  
Stress Damage

Waterlogging and salinity stresses significantly affect crop growth and global food production, and these stresses are often interrelated because waterlogging can lead to land salinisation by transporting salts to the surface. Although the physiological and molecular mechanisms of plant responses to each of these environmental constraints have been studied in detail, fewer studies have dealt with potential mechanisms underlying plant tolerance to the combined stress. This gap in knowledge is jeopardising the success of breeding programs. In the present work we studied the physiological and agronomical responses of 12 barley varieties contrasting in salinity stress tolerance to waterlogging (WL), salinity (NaCl) and combined (WL/NaCl) stresses. Stress damage symptoms were much greater in plants under combined WL/NaCl stress than those under separate stresses. The shoot biomass, chlorophyll content, maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII and shoot K+ concentration were significantly reduced under WL/NaCl conditions, whereas shoot Na+ concentration increased. Plants exposed to salinity stress showed lower damage indexes compared with WL. Chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm value showed the highest correlation with the stress damage index under WL/NaCl conditions (r = –0.751) compared with other measured physiological traits, so was nominated as a good parameter to rank the tolerance of varieties. Average FW was reduced to 73 ± 2, 52 ± 1 and 23 ± 2 percent of the control under NaCl, WL and combined WL/NaCl treatments respectively. Generally, the adverse effect of WL/NaCl stress was much greater in salt-sensitive varieties than in more tolerant varieties. Na+ concentrations of the shoot under control conditions were 97 ± 10 µmol g–1 DW, and increased to 1519 ± 123, 179 ± 11 and 2733 ± 248 µmol g–1 under NaCl, WL and combined WL/NaCl stresses respectively. K+ concentrations were 1378 ± 66, 1260 ± 74, 1270 ± 79 and 411 ± 92 µmol g–1 DW under control, NaCl, WL and combined WL/NaCl stresses respectively. No significant correlation was found between the overall salinity stress tolerance and amount of Na+ accumulated in plant shoots after 15 days of exposure to 250 mM NaCl stress. However, plants exposed to combined salinity and WL stress showed a negative correlation between shoot Na+ accumulation and extent of salinity damage. Overall, the reported results indicate that K+ reduction in the plants under combined WL/NaCl stress, but not stress-induced Na+ accumulation in the shoot, was the most critical feature in determining the overall plant performance under combined stress conditions.

scholarly journals Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Improve Cotton Salt Tolerance by Enabling Better Ability to Maintain Cytosolic K+/Na+ Ratio

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahao Liu ◽  
Guangjing Li ◽  
Linlin Chen ◽  
Jiangjiang Gu ◽  
Honghong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
True Leaf ◽  
Cotton Plants

Abstract BackgroundSalinity is a worldwide factor limiting the agricultural production. Cotton is an important cash crop; however, its yield and product quality are negatively affected by salinity. Using nanomaterials such as cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) to improve plant tolerance to stresses, e.g. salinity, is an emerged approach in agricultural production. Nevertheless, to date, our knowledge about the role of nanoceria in cotton salt response and the behind mechanisms is still rare. ResultsWe found that PNC (poly acrylic acid coated nanoceria) helped to improve cotton plant tolerance to salinity, showing the better phenotypic performance, the higher chlorophyll content and biomass, and the better photosynthetic performance in PNC treated cotton plants than the control group. Under salinity stress, in consistent to the results of the enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, PNC treated cotton plants showed significant lower MDA content and ROS level than the control group, both in the first and second true leaf. Further experiments showed that under salinity stress, PNC treated cotton plants had significant higher cytosolic K+ and lower cytosolic Na+ fluorescent intensity in both the first and second true leaf than the control group. This is further confirmed by the leaf ion content analysis, showed that PNC treated cotton plants maintained significant higher leaf K+ and lower leaf Na+ content, and thus the higher K+/Na+ ratio than the control plants under salinity. Whereas no significant increase of vacuolar Na+ intensity was observed in PNC treated plants than the control under salinity, suggesting that PNC enhanced leaf K+ retention and leaf Na+ exclusion, but not leaf vacuolar Na+ sequestration are the main mechanisms behind the PNC improved cotton salt tolerance. qPCR results showed that under salinity stress, the modulation of HKT1 but not SOS1 refers more to the PNC improved cotton leaf Na+ exclusion than the control. ConclusionsNanoceria enhanced leaf K+ retention and Na+ exclusion, but not vacuolar Na+ sequestration are the main mechanisms behind the nanoceria improved cotton salt tolerance. Our results add more knowledge for better understanding the complexity of plant-nanoceria interaction in terms of nano-enabled plant stress tolerance.

scholarly journals Cerium oxide nanoparticles improve cotton salt tolerance by enabling better ability to maintain cytosolic K+/Na+ ratio

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahao Liu ◽  
Guangjing Li ◽  
Linlin Chen ◽  
Jiangjiang Gu ◽  
Honghong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cotton Leaf ◽  
Fluorescent Intensity ◽  
Cotton Plants

Abstract Background Salinity is a worldwide factor limiting the agricultural production. Cotton is an important cash crop; however, its yield and product quality are negatively affected by soil salinity. Use of nanomaterials such as cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) to improve plant tolerance to stress conditions, e.g. salinity, is an emerged approach in agricultural production. Nevertheless, to date, our knowledge about the role of nanoceria in cotton salt response and the behind mechanisms is still rare. Results We found that PNC (poly acrylic acid coated nanoceria) helped to improve cotton tolerance to salinity, showing better phenotypic performance, higher chlorophyll content (up to 68% increase) and biomass (up to 38% increase), and better photosynthetic performance such as carbon assimilation rate (up to 144% increase) in PNC treated cotton plants than the NNP (non-nanoparticle control) group. Under salinity stress, in consistent to the results of the enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes, PNC treated cotton plants showed significant lower MDA (malondialdehyde, up to 44% decrease) content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, up to 79% decrease) than the NNP control group, both in the first and second true leaves. Further experiments showed that under salinity stress, PNC treated cotton plants had significant higher cytosolic K+ (up to 84% increase) and lower cytosolic Na+ (up to 77% decrease) fluorescent intensity in both the first and second true leaves than the NNP control group. This is further confirmed by the leaf ion content analysis, showed that PNC treated cotton plants maintained significant higher leaf K+ (up to 84% increase) and lower leaf Na+ content (up to 63% decrease), and thus the higher K+/Na+ ratio than the NNP control plants under salinity stress. Whereas no significant increase of mesophyll cell vacuolar Na+ intensity was observed in PNC treated plants than the NNP control under salinity stress, suggesting that the enhanced leaf K+ retention and leaf Na+ exclusion, but not leaf vacuolar Na+ sequestration are the main mechanisms behind PNC improved cotton salt tolerance. qPCR results showed that under salinity stress, the modulation of HKT1 but not SOS1 refers more to the PNC improved cotton leaf Na+ exclusion than the NNP control. Conclusions PNC enhanced leaf K+ retention and Na+ exclusion, but not vacuolar Na+ sequestration to enable better maintained cytosolic K+/Na+ homeostasis and thus to improve cotton salt tolerance. Our results add more knowledge for better understanding the complexity of plant-nanoceria interaction in terms of nano-enabled plant stress tolerance. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Intergenerational responses of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to cerium oxide nanoparticles exposure

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 700-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyren M. Rico ◽  
Mark G. Johnson ◽  
Matthew A. Marcus ◽  
Christian P. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Engineered Nanomaterials ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Carry Over

The carry-over effects of nanoceria highlight the importance of intergenerational exposure as tool for assessing long-term implications of engineered nanomaterials.

scholarly journals Ceria-Containing Hybrid Multilayered Microcapsules for Enhanced Cellular Internalisation with High Radioprotection Efficiency

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 2957
Author(s):  
N. R. Popova ◽  
A. L. Popov ◽  
A. M. Ermakov ◽  
V. V. Reukov ◽  
V. K. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Intracellular Release

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) are believed to be the most versatile nanozyme, showing great promise for biomedical applications. At the same time, the controlled intracellular delivery of nanoceria remains an unresolved problem. Here, we have demonstrated the radioprotective effect of polyelectrolyte microcapsules modified with cerium oxide nanoparticles, which provide controlled loading and intracellular release. The optimal (both safe and uptake efficient) concentrations of ceria-containing microcapsules for human mesenchymal stem cells range from 1:10 to 1:20 cell-to-capsules ratio. We have revealed the molecular mechanisms of nanoceria radioprotective action on mesenchymal stem cells by assessing the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as by a detailed 96-genes expression analysis, featuring genes responsible for oxidative stress, mitochondrial metabolism, apoptosis, inflammation etc. Hybrid ceria-containing microcapsules have been shown to provide an indirect genoprotective effect, reducing the number of cytogenetic damages in irradiated cells. These findings give new insight into cerium oxide nanoparticles’ protective action for living beings against ionising radiation.

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