The Water Immersion Model in Nephrology

2015 ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Kokot ◽  
A. Wiecek ◽  
W. Grzeszczak ◽  
E. Szczechowska ◽  
J. Dulawa
Keyword(s):  
Water Immersion

Patient Involvement in Treatment Decision Making Can Help or Hinder Placebo Analgesia

2014 ◽  
Vol 222 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew L. Geers ◽  
Jason P. Rose ◽  
Stephanie L. Fowler ◽  
Jill A. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Patient Involvement ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Placebo Analgesia ◽  
Treatment Decision Making ◽  
Immersion Experience

Experiments have found that choosing between placebo analgesics can reduce pain more than being assigned a placebo analgesic. Because earlier research has shown prior experience moderates choice effects in other contexts, we tested whether prior experience with a pain stimulus moderates this placebo-choice association. Before a cold water pain task, participants were either told that an inert cream would reduce their pain or they were not told this information. Additionally, participants chose between one of two inert creams for the task or they were not given choice. Importantly, we also measured prior experience with cold water immersion. Individuals with prior cold water immersion experience tended to display greater placebo analgesia when given choice, whereas participants without this experience tended to display greater placebo analgesia without choice. Prior stimulus experience appears to moderate the effect of choice on placebo analgesia.

Water immersion and salt-sensitivity in essential hypertension

1993 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Coruzzi ◽  
L. Musiari ◽  
G. L. Mossini ◽  
R. Ceriati ◽  
A. Novarini
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Salt Sensitivity

ALLOY STEEL 3.5Ni-1.8Cr-0.4Mo-0.1V

Alloy Digest ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Alloy Steel ◽  
Brittle Failure ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Water Spray ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
High Hardenability ◽  
Steel Mills

Abstract Alloy Steel 3.5Ni-1.8Cr-0.4Mo-0.1V is highly suitable for massive components, usually more than four inches thick. It has high hardenability which in a water-spray or water-immersion quench contributes to the formation of sizeable amounts of martensite along with some bainite, and possibly a little ferrite. On tempering, the martensite adds to toughness and lowers the temperature of transition from tough to brittle failure. This steel is suitable for intermediate-duty and heavy-duty generator and turbine rotors, large axles and shafts, large gears and ship forgings. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: SA-404. Producer or source: Alloy steel mills and foundries.

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