A Study on Experimental Pyelonephritis : Effect of E. coli Endotoxin in Chronic Pyelonephritis

2015 ◽  
pp. 140-149
Author(s):  
Y. Ueda ◽  
O. Sakai ◽  
T. Takasu
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pyelonephritis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Experimental Pyelonephritis

An Ultrastructural Study of Chronic Pyelonephritis in Macaca Arctoides

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 310-311
Author(s):  
T.W. Smith ◽  
J.A. Roberts ◽  
B.J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Chronic Pyelonephritis ◽  
Macaca Arctoides ◽  
Left Ureter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sizeable Number

Chronic pyelonephritis is one of the most common diseases of the kidney and accounts for a sizeable number of cases of renal insufficiency in man, however its pathogenesis requires further elucidation. Transmission electron microscopy may serve as a uniquely effective means of observing details of the nature of this disease. The present paper describes preliminary results of an ultrastructural study of chronic pyelonephritis in Macaca arctoides (stumptail monkey).The infection was induced in these experiments in a retrograde fashion by means of a unilateral catheterization of the left ureter whereby an innoculum of 10 cc of broth containing approximately 2 billion E. coli per cc and radio-opaque dye were injected under pressure (mimicing vesico-ureteric reflux).

Persistence of E. coli O- and K-antigens in experimental pyelonephritis

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
K.F. Klippel ◽  
W. Sietzen ◽  
W. Hauk
Keyword(s):  
E Coli ◽  
Experimental Pyelonephritis

scholarly journals PYLONEPHRITIS IN GIRLS: FEATURES AT THE MODERN STAGE

2018 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
L. I. Vakulenko
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Chronic Pyelonephritis ◽  
Etiological Factor ◽  
Chlamydia Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Urogenital Infections ◽  
Frequent Relapses ◽  
Chronic Course

Girls performed the vast majority of patients with urinary system infections. The prevalence of acute disease and specific gravity of chronic kidney impartments have been increasing with the age and were often accompanied with concomitant urological, gynecological and sexual pathologies. The purpose of the work was to determine the etiological and clinical preconditions of relapse and chronic pyelonephritis in girls. Materials and methods. An analysis of the clinical course of187 cases ofpyelonephritis in girls of the age of1 - 18 years had been performing in period from 2008 to 2018 years. The 60 patients in observed group had acute process and 127 ones were with the chronic course of the disease. Rresults. E. coli was the main etiological factor of the inflammatory process in kidneys. Thus, cases of acute and chronic pyelonephritis composed 63,5% and 44,2% in observed group appropriately. Furthermore, the proportion of grampositive flora increased in the cases of chronic pyelonephritis. In addition, almost 56,7% ofall girls with pyelonephritis had sexually transmitted infections, more likely the patients with chronic forms of the disease (69,3% and 30,0%, respectively (p <0,01). There was domination of the Chlamydia infection in the structure of these pathogens. The research revealed Chlamydia pathogen in the majority of cases — in 29,2% of the examined for urogenital infections girls with pyelonephritis. The presence of mycoplasma infection - 22.1%, trichomonas - 11.5%, candidiasis - 19.5% was less common. 24.8% of girls had clinical signs of vulvitis without identifying the etiological factor Conclusions. E. coli prevails among the etiological factors of pyelonephritis in girls. Most of the girls with pyelonephritis with the recurrent and chronic course have urogenital infections. Moreover, association of bacterial microflora and sexually transmitted infections complicates the course of chronic pyelonephritis in girls; promotes the development and maintenance of urodynamic disorders, frequent relapses and progression of chronic inflammatory process in kidneys. In conclusion, urogenital infection examination should be mandatory for the girls with pyelonephritis.

scholarly journals Interaction of Dr Adhesin with Collagen Type IV Is a Critical Step in Escherichia coli Renal Persistence

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 4827-4835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rangaraj Selvarangan ◽  
Pawel Goluszko ◽  
Jyotsana Singhal ◽  
Christophe Carnoy ◽  
Steve Moseley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Type Iv Collagen ◽  
Chronic Pyelonephritis ◽  
Collagen Type Iv ◽  
Collagen Binding ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Critical Step ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Chronic Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Renal Infection

ABSTRACT The pathogenic mechanism of recurrent or chronic urinary tract infection is poorly understood. Escherichia coli cells bearing Dr fimbriae display unique tropism to the basement membrane (BM)-renal interstitium that enables the bacteria to cause chronic pyelonephritis in experimental mice. The renal receptors for Dr-fimbriated E. coli are type IV collagen and decay-accelerating factor (DAF). We hypothesized that type IV collagen receptor-mediated BM-interstitial tropism is essential for E. coli to cause chronic pyelonephritis. To test the role of the type IV collagen tropism of Dr-fimbriated E. coli in renal persistence, we constructed an isogenic mutant in the DraE adhesin subunit that was unable to bind type IV collagen but retained binding to DAF and examined its virulence in the mouse model. The collagen-binding mutant DrI113T was eliminated from the mouse renal tissues in 6 to 8 weeks, while the parent strain caused persistent renal infection that lasted at least 14 weeks (P ≤ 0.02). Transcomplementation with the intact Dr operon restored collagen-binding activity, BM-interstitial tropism, and the ability to cause persistent renal infection. We conclude that type IV collagen binding mediated by DraE adhesin is a critical step for the development of persistent renal infection in a murine model of E. coli pyelonephritis.

scholarly journals Immunotropic effects of nitrogenous metabolites in patients with chronic pyelonephritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 217-226
Author(s):  
Igor Kuchma ◽  
Anatoliy Gozhenko ◽  
Igor-Severyn Flyunt ◽  
Sofiya Ruzhylo ◽  
Walery Zukow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Multiple Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Chronic Pyelonephritis ◽  
Immunotropic Activity ◽  
Relative Level ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Immune Parameters

Background. We have previously shown that nitrogenous metabolites have immunomodulatory effects in healthy rats and humans as well as in patients with encephalopatia. The purpose of this study is their immunotropic activity in patients with chronic pyelonephritis. Materials and Methods. The object of observation were 24 men (aged 23-76 years) with chronic pyelonephritis in remission. The plasma levels and urinary excretion of uric acid, urea and creatinine and parameters of immunity twice (on admission and after 10 days of balneotherapy at the Truskavets’ Spa) was performed. Results. Judging by the multiple correlation coefficient uricemia exhibits maximal immunotropic activity (R=0,772), followed by creatininemia (R=0,643), urea plasma (R=0,584) and creatinineuria (R=0,506) instead, urea and uric acid excretion correlate with immune parameters insignificantly (R=0,327 and 0,262 respectively). Nitrogenous metabolites together upregulate most parameters of phagocytosis by neutrophils Staph. aureus and E. coli, the level in the blood of CD8 T-lymphocytes, CIC, IgM, componentes of leukocytogram as well as entropy of leukocytogram and immunocytogram. Instead, they downregulate the relative level of lymphocytes in general and of CD4 T-lymphocytes in particular. Conclusion. Nitrogenous metabolites exhibit immunotropic activity in both healthy humans and in patients with chronic pyelonephritis in remission. Both common and distinctive features of immunomodulation were revealed.

scholarly journals Inverse Relationship between Severity of Experimental Pyelonephritis and Nitric Oxide Production in C3H/HeJ Mice

1999 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 2421-2427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Nowicki ◽  
Jyotsana Singhal ◽  
Li Fang ◽  
Stella Nowicki ◽  
Chandrasekhar Yallampalli
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Experimental Pyelonephritis ◽  
Nitrite Production

ABSTRACT The contribution of nitric oxide to host resistance to experimental pyelonephritis is not well understood. We examined whether the inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis alters the sensitivity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) responder (C3H/HeN) and nonresponder (C3H/HeJ) mice to experimental Escherichia coli pyelonephritis. C3H/HeJ and C3H/HeN mice were implanted subcutaneously with minipumps containing an inhibitor of nitric oxide,N G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), or a corresponding vehicle. Ascending urinary tract infection by bladder catheterization with two strains of E. coli, an O75 strain bearing Dr fimbriae and an O75 strain bearing P fimbriae, was developed in tested animals. Twenty-four hours following bladder infection, the kidneys of C3H/HeN and C3H/HeJ mice were colonized at a similar rate. However, 5 weeks postinoculation, C3H/HeN mice cleared infection while C3H/HeJ mice showed persistent colonization. Twenty-four hours following infection, C3H/HeN mice treated with l-NAME showed no significant increase of renal tissue infection compared to the saline-treated control group. However,l-NAME-treated C3H/HeJ mice showed an approximately 100-fold increase in E. coli infection rate compared to the saline-treated controls in the Dr+ group but showed no change compared to those in the P+ group. Dissemination of Dr+ E. coli but not P+ E. coli to the liver and uterus was significantly enhanced withl-NAME treatment in C3H/HeJ mice only. Nitric oxide had no direct killing effect on E. coli in vitro. Nitrite production by various organs was found to be significantly lower in C3H/HeJ mice than in C3H/HeN mice. Alteration of nitric oxide and LPS responsiveness was significantly associated with the increased sensitivity of C3H/HeJ mice to experimental Dr+ but not to P+ E. coli pyelonephritis. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that nitric oxide synthase activity in concert with LPS responsiveness may participate in the antibacterial defense mechanisms of the C3H mouse urinary tract. This phenomenon is strain dependent and possibly related to the invasive properties ofE. coli.

MICROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATHOGENIC FLORA IN CHILDREN WITH ACUTE AND CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
A.V. Eremeeva ◽  
◽  
V.V. Dlin ◽  
D.A. Kudlay ◽  
A.A. Korsunskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Empiric Therapy ◽  
Chronic Pyelonephritis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate ◽  
Resistant Strains

The study of dynamically changing antibiotic sensitivity of uropathogenic strains in children with pyelonephritis is of great scientific and practical interest, since the course and outcome of the disease and the success of cure depend on it. Objective of the study: to study the microbial landscape of urine and antimicrobial sensitivity of pathogens in children with acute (AP) and exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis (CP) for timely correction of empirical antibacterial (AB) therapy. Materials and methods of research: a prospective open non-randomized controlled singlecenter study to study the microbial landscape of urine and antimicrobial sensitivity of pathogens in children with AP and CP was conducted at the Speransky Children's City Clinical Hospital No. 9. Inclusion criteria: compliance with the diagnostic criteria for the onset of AP and CP, age from 1 to 14 years, the possibility of assessing the microbiological spectrum of urine before starting AB therapy, determination in urine cultures of strains producing extended spectrum betalactamases (ESBL) and/or carbapenemases (CP-CRE). Results: 552 results of urine bacteriological tests were analyzed. Bacteriuria was detected in 68,3% (n=376) patients, of which 161 (42,8%) were diagnosed with AP, 215 (57,2%) with CP. The structure of pathogens was dominated by gram-negative flora (53,8–70,8%), among which enterobacteria prevailed (79,5%), the dominant microorganism was E. coli (48%). Gram-positive microflora was represented by Enterococcus faecalis (35%). Among enterobacteriaceae, there was a statistically significant increase (p<0,05) in the number of ESBL and/or CP producers, as well as their associations, from 8,8% in 2016 to 25% in 2019–2020 with a peak increase of up to 31% in 2018. A study of resistograms noted that E. coli retains high levels of sensitivity to amoxicillin/clavulanate, however, since 2019, a high frequency of ceftriaxone-resistant strains has been recorded, and in 2020, the detection rate of resistant strains has increased to cefotaxime of E. coli strains. The highest and most stable activity against E. coli ESBL was shown by meropenem and ertapenem. There is a tendency towards a decrease in the sensitivity of Kl. pneumoniae to amoxicillin/clavuanate, fosfomycin and amikacin. The emergence in 2020 of strains of Enterococcus faecalis resistant to amoxicillin/clavuanate and a tendency to a decrease in sensitivity to gentamicin while maintaining a high sensitivity to amikacin were recorded. Conclusion: the results obtained indicate the importance of monitoring the AB-sensitivity of uropathogenic strains in order to increase the effectiveness of empiric therapy and reduce the prescription of inactive antibacterial drugs in children with AP and CP.

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