Membrane Composition and Cellular Responses to Fatty Acid Intakes and Factors Explaining the Variation in Response

2013 ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Agostoni ◽  
Patrizia Risé ◽  
Franca Marangoni
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Membrane Composition

scholarly journals Menaquinone-mediated regulation of membrane fluidity is relevant for fitness of Listeria monocytogenes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Flegler ◽  
Vanessa Kombeitz ◽  
André Lipski
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Lipid Membrane ◽  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Adaptation Effect ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Lower Growth

AbstractListeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen with the ability to grow at low temperatures down to − 0.4 °C. Maintaining cytoplasmic membrane fluidity by changing the lipid membrane composition is important during growth at low temperatures. In Listeria monocytogenes, the dominant adaptation effect is the fluidization of the membrane by shortening of fatty acid chain length. In some strains, however, an additional response is the increase in menaquinone content during growth at low temperatures. The increase of this neutral lipid leads to fluidization of the membrane and thus represents a mechanism that is complementary to the fatty acid-mediated modification of membrane fluidity. This study demonstrated that the reduction of menaquinone content for Listeria monocytogenes strains resulted in significantly lower resistance to temperature stress and lower growth rates compared to unaffected control cultures after growth at 6 °C. Menaquinone content was reduced by supplementation with aromatic amino acids, which led to a feedback inhibition of the menaquinone synthesis. Menaquinone-reduced Listeria monocytogenes strains showed reduced bacterial cell fitness. This confirmed the adaptive function of menaquinones for growth at low temperatures of this pathogen.

scholarly journals Dietary fat and the diabetic state alter insulin binding and the fatty acyl composition of the adipocyte plasma membrane

1988 ◽  
Vol 253 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
C J Field ◽  
E A Ryan ◽  
A B Thomson ◽  
M T Clandinin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Insulin Binding ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Diabetic State

Control and diabetic rats were fed on semi-purified high-fat diets providing a polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio (P/S) of 1.0 or 0.25, to examine the effect of diet on the fatty acid composition of major phospholipids of the adipocyte plasma membrane. Feeding the high-P/S diet (P/S = 1.0) compared with the low-P/S diet (P/S = 0.25) increased the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in membrane phospholipids in both control and diabetic animals. The diabetic state decreased the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly arachidonic acid, in adipocyte membrane phospholipids. The decrease in arachidonic acid in membrane phospholipids of diabetic animals tended to be normalized to within the control values when high-P/S diets were given. For control animals, altered plasma-membrane composition was associated with change in insulin binding, suggesting that change in plasma-membrane composition may have physiological consequences for insulin-stimulated functions in the adipocyte.

Effect of fatty acid membrane composition on whole-cell biocatalysts for biodiesel-fuel production

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Hama ◽  
Hideki Yamaji ◽  
Masaru Kaieda ◽  
Mitsuhiro Oda ◽  
Akihiko Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Whole Cell

scholarly journals Remodeling of the Histoplasma Capsulatum Membrane Induced by Monoclonal Antibodies

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meagan C. Burnet ◽  
Daniel Zamith-Miranda ◽  
Heino M. Heyman ◽  
Karl K. Weitz ◽  
Erin L. Bredeweg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Sterol Metabolism

Antibodies play a central role in host immunity by directly inactivating or recognizing an invading pathogen to enhance different immune responses to combat the invader. However, the cellular responses of pathogens to the presence of antibodies are not well-characterized. Here, we used different mass spectrometry techniques to study the cellular responses of the pathogenic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum to monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against HSP60, the surface protein involved in infection. A proteomic analysis of H. capsulatum yeast cells revealed that mAb binding regulates a variety of metabolic and signaling pathways, including fatty acid metabolism, sterol metabolism, MAPK signaling and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. The regulation of the fatty acid metabolism was accompanied by increases in the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which further augmented the degree of unsaturated lipids in H. capsulatum’s membranes and energy storage lipids, such as triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylinositols. MAb treatment also regulated sterol metabolism by increasing the levels of cholesterol and ergosterol in the cells. We also showed that global changes in the lipid profiles resulted in an increased susceptibility of H. capsulatum to the ergosterol-targeting drug amphotericin B. Overall, our data showed that mAb induction of global changes in the composition of H. capsulatum membranes can potentially impact antifungal treatment during histoplasmosis.

scholarly journals Transcriptome, Biochemical and Growth Responses of the Marine Phytoplankter Phaeodactylum Tricornutum Bohlin (Bacillariophyta) to Copepod Grazer Presence

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 1091-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Li ◽  
Stefanie M.H. Ismar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Transcriptomic Response

Background/Aims: As a model organism for a pleiomorphic marine planktonic primary producer, Phaeodactylum tricornutum has been studied on a molecular level under diverse cultural conditions. But little is known about its morphological, nutritional or transcriptomic responses under grazing stress. Methods: To assess microalgal molecular and cellular responses to grazer presence, we conducted transcriptome profiling in combination with growth rate, biovolume, fatty acid content, carbon and nitrogen content measurements in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. RNA-sequencing was used to evaluate the transcriptomic response to grazing stress for P. tricornutum strain CCAP 1055/1. Results: Among the differentially expressed genes, we found down-regulation of genes involved in pathogen resistance, and in fatty acid biosynthesis pathways, while mitosis-involved genes were up-regulated. Experimentally testing morphological and biochemical responses in five strains of the species, we detected strain-specific significant effects of simulated grazing pressure in altered growth rates, biovolume and nutritional composition. Conclusion: Our research reveals the associated molecular and cellular responses to grazing effects in P. tricornutum and extends the understanding of co-evolutionary roles in regulating grazing defence between P. tricornutum and its grazer.

scholarly journals Non-Coding and Regulatory RNAs as Epigenetic Remodelers of Fatty Acid Homeostasis in Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2890
Author(s):  
Silvia Cruz-Gil ◽  
Lara P. Fernández ◽  
Ruth Sánchez-Martínez ◽  
Marta Gómez de Cedrón ◽  
Ana Ramírez de Molina
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Structural Cell ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Regulatory Rnas

Cancer cells commonly display metabolic fluctuations. Together with the Warburg effect and the increased glutaminolysis, alterations in lipid metabolism homeostasis have been recognized as a hallmark of cancer. Highly proliferative cancer cells upregulate de novo synthesis of fatty acids (FAs) which are required to support tumor progression by exerting multiple roles including structural cell membrane composition, regulators of the intracellular redox homeostasis, ATP synthesis, intracellular cell signaling molecules, and extracellular mediators of the tumor microenvironment. Epigenetic modifications have been shown to play a crucial role in human development, but also in the initiation and progression of complex diseases. The study of epigenetic processes could help to design new integral strategies for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders including cancer. Herein, we first describe the main altered intracellular fatty acid processes to support cancer initiation and progression. Next, we focus on the most important regulatory and non-coding RNAs (small noncoding RNA—sncRNAs—long non-coding RNAs—lncRNAs—and other regulatory RNAs) which may target the altered fatty acids pathway in cancer.

scholarly journals Environmentally Relevant Concentration of Bisphenol S Shows Slight Effects on SIHUMIx

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1436
Author(s):  
Stephanie Serena Schäpe ◽  
Jannike Lea Krause ◽  
Rebecca Katharina Masanetz ◽  
Sarah Riesbeck ◽  
Robert Starke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Bisphenol S ◽  
Membrane Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Human Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Function

Bisphenol S (BPS) is an industrial chemical used in the process of polymerization of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins and thus can be found in various plastic products and thermal papers. The microbiota disrupting effect of BPS on the community structure of the microbiome has already been reported, but little is known on how BPS affects bacterial activity and function. To analyze these effects, we cultivated the simplified human intestinal microbiota (SIHUMIx) in bioreactors at a concentration of 45 µM BPS. By determining biomass, growth of SIHUMIx was followed but no differences during BPS exposure were observed. To validate if the membrane composition was affected, fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) profiles were compared. Changes in the individual membrane fatty acid composition could not been described; however, the saturation level of the membranes slightly increased during BPS exposure. By applying targeted metabolomics to quantify short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), it was shown that the activity of SIHUMIx was unaffected. Metaproteomics revealed temporal effect on the community structure and function, showing that BPS has minor effects on the structure or functionality of SIHUMIx.

Effects ofdamand/orseqAMutations on the Fatty Acid and Phospholipid Membrane Composition ofSalmonella entericaSerovar Typhimurium

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amine Aloui ◽  
Mouadh Mihoub ◽  
Mohamed Marwan Sethom ◽  
Abdelwaheb Chatti ◽  
Moncef Feki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Phospholipid Membrane ◽  
Membrane Composition

scholarly journals Effect of a sublethal high-pressure homogenization treatment on the fatty acid membrane composition of probiotic lactobacilli

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tabanelli ◽  
F. Patrignani ◽  
F. Gardini ◽  
G. Vinderola ◽  
J. Reinheimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Homogenization Treatment ◽  
Probiotic Lactobacilli

scholarly journals An integrative approach points to membrane composition as a key factor in E. coli persistence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Cañas-Duarte ◽  
MI Perez-Lopez ◽  
C Herrfurth ◽  
Lei Sun ◽  
LM Contreras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
List Type ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Bacterial Persistence ◽  
E Coli

SummaryIn spite of its medical importance, the genetic mechanisms of bacterial persistence, particularly spontaneous (type II) persistence, remain largely unknown. We use an integrative approach, combining mutant genome analysis, transcriptomics and lipid membrane composition analysis, to elucidate said mechanisms. In particular, we analyzed the genome of the high persistence mutant E. coli DS1 (hipQ), to identify candidate mutations responsible for the high persistence phenotype. Contrary to a recent study, we find no mutation in ydcI. We compared the expression of spontaneous persistent and growing cells using RNAseq, and find that the activation of stress response mechanisms is likely less important in spontaneous persistence than recent reports suggest. It also indicated that modifications in the cell membrane could play an important role. This hypothesis was then validated by the analysis of the fatty acid composition of persister cells of both types, which have markedly different saturation from growing cells and between each other. Taken together, our results indicate that changing membrane composition might be a key process in persistence.HighlightsRNAseq analysis of spontaneous persistence shows no evidence of stress responseIdentification of candidate SNPs for hipQ phenotype, excludes ydcIMembrane fatty acid composition is involved in both types of bacterial persistence

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document