Sex Hormone Receptors in Vocal Fold Tissue: A Theory about the Influence of Sex Hormones in the Larynx

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Nacci ◽  
Bruno Fattori ◽  
Fabio Basolo ◽  
Maria E. Filice ◽  
Katia De Jeso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Sex Hormone

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Examinations of Sex Hormone Receptors in Benign Vocal Fold Lesions

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonore Cohen ◽  
Andrea Kolbus ◽  
Michael van Trotsenburg ◽  
Margarethe Rudas ◽  
Reinhard Horvat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Benign Vocal Fold Lesions

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Otolaryngology: Focus on the Emerging Role of Estrogens in Inflammatory and Pro-Resolving Responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8768
Author(s):  
Sheng-Dean Luo ◽  
Tai-Jan Chiu ◽  
Wei-Chih Chen ◽  
Ching-Shuen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Proinflammatory Responses ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Nose And Throat

Otolaryngology (also known as ear, nose, and throat (ENT)) diseases can be significantly affected by the level of sex hormones, which indicates that sex differences affect the manifestation, pathophysiology, and outcomes of these diseases. Recently, increasing evidence has suggested that proinflammatory responses in ENT diseases are linked to the level of sex hormones. The sex hormone receptors are present on a wide variety of immune cells; therefore, it is evident that they play crucial roles in regulating the immune system and hence affect the disease progression of ENT diseases. In this review, we focus on how sex hormones, particularly estrogens, regulate ENT diseases, such as chronic rhinosinusitis, vocal fold polyps, thyroid cancer, Sjögren’s syndrome, and head and neck cancers, from the perspectives of inflammatory responses and specialized proresolving mediator-driven resolution. This paper aims to clarify why considering sex differences in the field of basic and medical research on otolaryngology is a key component to successful therapy for both males and females in the future.

Neurodegenerative Disease: Roles for Sex, Hormones, and Oxidative Stress

Endocrinology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Sumien ◽  
J Thomas Cunningham ◽  
Delaney L Davis ◽  
Rachel Engelland ◽  
Oluwadarasimi Fadeyibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Signaling Cascades ◽  
Aging Men

Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases cause severe impairments in cognitive and motor function. With an increasing aging population and the onset of these diseases between 50-70 years, the consequences are bound to be devastating. While age and longevity are the main risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases, sex is also an important risk factor. Sex is multifaceted, encompassing sex chromosome complement, sex hormones (estrogens and androgens), and sex hormone receptors. Sex hormone receptors can induce various signaling cascades, ranging from genomic transcription to intracellular signaling pathways that are dependent on the health of the cell. Oxidative stress, associated with aging, can impact the health of the cell. Sex hormones can be neuroprotective under low oxidative stress conditions but not in high oxidative stress conditions. An understudied sex hormone receptor that can induce activation of oxidative stress signaling is the membrane androgen receptor (mAR). mAR can mediate NADPH oxidase (NOX) generated oxidative stress that is associated with several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Further complicating this is that aging can alter sex hormone signaling. Prior to menopause, women experience more estrogens than androgens. During menopause, this sex hormone profile switches in women due to the dramatic ovarian loss of 17β-estradiol with maintained ovarian androgen (testosterone, androstenedione) production. Indeed, aging men have higher estrogens than aging women due to aromatization of androgens to estrogens. Therefore, higher activation of mAR-NOX signaling could occur in menopausal women compared to aged men, mediating the observed sex differences. Understanding these signaling cascades could provide therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases.

Sex hormone receptors in varicose veins of women with premenstrual syndrome

Phlebologie ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Dzieciuchowicz ◽  
M. Kotwicka ◽  
M. Gabriel ◽  
A. Szczęśniak-Chmielecka ◽  
B. Krasińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Estrogen And Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Premenstrual Tension

SummaryThe pathogenesis of premenstrual tension syndrome is not fully understood. It has been hypothesized that the interaction between sex hormones and target organs is the key event in its pathogenesis. Aim: The purpose of the study was to examine the differences in the prevalence of smooth muscle cells with sex hormones receptors in varicose veins of women with and without premenstrual tension syndrome (PS). Patients, methods: Samples of great saphenous vein were obtained from 50 women during varicose vein surgery. They were divided into group I (20 women with clinically diagnosed PS) and group II (30 women without PS). Estrogen and progesterone receptors were detected with an immunohistochemical method. Superficial densities of smooth muscle cells positive to estrogen and progesterone receptors were analyzed with densitometric program IM-AN and automatic image analyzer Magicall. The results were compared with t-Student test. Results: There were no differences in superficial density of smooth muscle cells positive to estrogen receptors between the groups. In contradiction to this, superficial density of smooth muscle cells positive to progesterone receptors was higher in group with PS than in patients without, 343 (±171) and 240 (±123), respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The amount of cells with sex hormone receptors, not the level of hormones, could play a role in PS pathology. Our results show that progesterone is more important than estrogen in effector organs.

scholarly journals Effect of the Combined Extracts of Herba Epimedii and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi on Sex Hormone Functional Levels in Osteoporosis Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
RenHui Liu ◽  
Xue Kang ◽  
LiPing Xu ◽  
HongLei Nian ◽  
XinWei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Bone Histomorphometry ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Fructus Ligustri Lucidi ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Herba Epimedii

The combination of Herba Epimedii and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi has been used to treat osteoporosis for almost 50 years by Professor Shizeng Li, a famous doctor of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, it is unclear whether the combination of the effective constituents of the two herbs may have a protective influence on the skeleton. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the combination extracts of Herba Epimedii and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi on rat model of osteoporosis induced by retinoic acid by gavage. With administrations of the combination extracts of the two herbs (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day) via oral gavage for 3 weeks, bone mineral density (BMD), femur histomorphometry, some sex hormones, and sex hormone receptors were measured. Results showed that the combined extracts could increase BMD, affect bone histomorphometry, coordinate the sex hormones at the level of hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis, and increase the protein and mRNA expressions of sex hormone receptors. The findings suggested that the combination extracts of Herba Epimedii and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi might be beneficial as an alternative medicine for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Expression status of mRNA for sex hormone receptors in human dental pulp cells and the response to sex hormones in the cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 943-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Inaba ◽  
Tomoko Kobayashi ◽  
Takeo W. Tsutsui ◽  
Masaaki Ogawa ◽  
Minoru Uchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Dental Pulp Cells ◽  
Human Dental Pulp Cells ◽  
Human Dental Pulp ◽  
Pulp Cells ◽  
Expression Status

Towards the Expression of Sex Hormone Receptors in the Human Vocal Fold

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit Schneider ◽  
Eleonore Cohen ◽  
Josefine Stani ◽  
Andrea Kolbus ◽  
Margarethe Rudas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Sex Hormone

scholarly journals Sexual Dimorphism in the Regulation of Estrogen, Progesterone, and Androgen Receptors by Sex Steroids in the Rat Airway Smooth Muscle Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Zarazúa ◽  
Aliesha González-Arenas ◽  
Gabriela Ramírez-Vélez ◽  
Blanca Bazán-Perkins ◽  
Christian Guerra-Araiza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Airway Smooth Muscle ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Airway Smooth Muscle Cells

The role of sex hormones in lung is known. The three main sex steroid receptors, estrogen, progesterone, and androgen, have not been sufficiently studied in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC), and the sex hormone regulation on these receptors is unknown. We examined the presence and regulation of sex hormone receptors in female and male rat ASMC by Western blotting and flow cytometry. Gonadectomized rats were treated with 17β-estradiol, progesterone, 17β-estradiol + progesterone, or testosterone. ASMC were enzymatically isolated from tracheas and bronchi. The experiments were performed with double staining flow cytometry (anti-α-actin smooth muscle and antibodies to each hormone receptor). ERα, ERβ, tPR, and AR were detected in females or males. ERαwas upregulated by E2 and T and downregulated by P4 in females; in males, ERαwas downregulated by P4, E + P, and T. ERβwas downregulated by each treatment in females, and only by E + P and T in males. tPR was downregulated by P4, E + P, and T in females. No hormonal regulation was observed in male receptors. AR was downregulated in males treated with E + P and T. We have shown the occurrence of sex hormone receptors in ASMC and their regulation by the sex hormones in female and male rats.

M1770 Interaction Between Sex Hormones/Sex Hormone Receptors With the Intestinal Epithelium Modulates Barrier Function and Subsequent Inflammation in Experimental IBD

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. S-415-S-416
Author(s):  
Benedetta Mattioli ◽  
Rekha R. Garg ◽  
Luca Pastorelli ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Sharon B. Hoang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Sex Hormone
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