Measurement of Placental Blood Flow in the Pig and Its Relation to Placental and Fetal Weight

Neonatology ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 31 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 333-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wootton ◽  
I.R. McFadyen ◽  
J.E. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Placental Blood Flow

Placental Blood Flow and Fetal Weight following Uterine Artery Ligation

Neonatology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Jansson ◽  
Magnus Thordstein ◽  
Ingemar Kjellmer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Artery Ligation ◽  
Uterine Artery Ligation ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Placental Blood Flow

scholarly journals Non-invasive evaluation of placental blood flow: lessons from animal models

Reproduction ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. R85-R96 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Mourier ◽  
A Tarrade ◽  
J Duan ◽  
C Richard ◽  
C Bertholdt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Ultrasound Contrast Agents ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Reliable Methods ◽  
Placental Blood Flow ◽  
Invasive Evaluation

In human obstetrics, placental vascularisation impairment is frequent as well as linked to severe pathological events (preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction), and there is a need for reliable methods allowing non-invasive evaluation of placental blood flow. Uteroplacental vascularisation is complex, and animal models are essential for the technical development and safety assessment of these imaging tools for human clinical use; however, these techniques can also be applied in the veterinary context. This paper reviews how ultrasound-based imaging methods such as 2D and 3D Doppler can provide valuable insight for the exploration of placental blood flow both in humans and animals and how new approaches such as the use of ultrasound contrast agents or ultrafast Doppler may allow to discriminate between maternal (non-pulsatile) and foetal (pulsatile) blood flow in the placenta. Finally, functional magnetic resonance imaging could also be used to evaluate placental blood flow, as indicated by studies in animal models, but its safety in human pregnancy still requires to be confirmed.

Effect of terbutaline sulphate on ovarian, uterine and maternal placental blood flow in the anaesthetized guinea pig

1978 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Mårtensson ◽  
Per-Ove B. Sjöquist ◽  
Leif Bjellin ◽  
Anthony M. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Terbutaline Sulphate ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Placental Blood Flow

Fetal cardiac bypass alters regional blood flows, arterial blood gases, and hemodynamics in sheep

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (3) ◽  
pp. H919-H928 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Bradley ◽  
F. L. Hanley ◽  
B. W. Duncan ◽  
R. W. Jennings ◽  
J. A. Jester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Arterial Blood Gases ◽  
Blood Flows ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Cardiac Bypass ◽  
Regional Blood Flows ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Fetal Organs ◽  
Placental Blood Flow

Successful fetal cardiac bypass might allow prenatal correction of some congenital heart defects. However, previous studies have shown that fetal cardiac bypass may result in impaired fetal gas exchange after bypass. To investigate the etiology of this impairment, we determined whether fetal cardiac bypass causes a redistribution of fetal regional blood flows and, if so, whether a vasodilator (sodium nitroprusside) can prevent this redistribution. We also determined the effects of fetal cardiac bypass with and without nitroprusside on fetal arterial blood gases and hemodynamics. Eighteen fetal sheep were studied in utero under general anesthesia. Seven fetuses underwent bypass without nitroprusside, six underwent bypass with nitroprusside, and five were no-bypass controls. Blood flows were determined using radionuclide-labeled microspheres. After bypass without nitroprusside, placental blood flow decreased by 25–60%, whereas cardiac output increased by 15–25%. Flow to all other fetal organs increased or remained unchanged. Decreased placental blood flow after bypass was accompanied by a fall in PO2 and a rise in PCO2. Nitroprusside improved placental blood flow, cardiac output, and arterial blood gases after bypass. Thus fetal cardiac bypass causes a redistribution of regional blood flow away from the placenta and toward the other fetal organs. Nitroprusside partially prevents this redistribution. Methods of improving placental blood flow in the postbypass period may prove critical to the success of fetal cardiac bypass.

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