Blood Serotonin and Free Tryptophan Concentration in Autistic Children

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiko Hoshino ◽  
Toshiaki Yamamoto ◽  
Motohisa Kaneko ◽  
Ryuichi Tachibana ◽  
Makoto Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Children ◽  
Free Tryptophan ◽  
Blood Serotonin ◽  
Tryptophan Concentration

Plasma free tryptophan concentration in autistic Children

1986 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiko Hoshino ◽  
Toshiaki Yamamoto ◽  
Motohisa Kaneko ◽  
Hisashi Kumashiro
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Children ◽  
Free Tryptophan ◽  
Tryptophan Concentration

Examination of circadian rhythmicity of blood serotonin and platelets in autistic and non-autistic children

1971 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Yuwiler ◽  
Edward R. Ritvo ◽  
Douglas Bald ◽  
David Kipper ◽  
Alex Koper
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythmicity ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Blood Serotonin

Blood serotonin concentrations and fenfluramine therapy in autistic children

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena H. Ho ◽  
Gillian Lockitch ◽  
Linda Eaves ◽  
Beryl Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Children ◽  
Blood Serotonin

scholarly journals How does displacement of albumin-bound tryptophan cause sustained increases in the free tryptophan concentration in plasma and 5-hydroxytryptamine synthesis in brain?

1989 ◽  
Vol 262 (1) ◽  
pp. 365-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Salter ◽  
R G Knowles ◽  
C I Pogson
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Free Tryptophan ◽  
Tryptophan Catabolism ◽  
Tryptophan Concentration ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Sustained Increase

Models of tryptophan catabolism and binding to serum albumin are presented to explain the observed effect of displacement of tryptophan from albumin on the concentrations of free and bound tryptophan and on the rate of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) synthesis from tryptophan in the brain. A rapid rate of dissociation of tryptophan from albumin (compared to the transit time of tryptophan through the liver) and a large fractional extraction of the free pool of tryptophan during passage through the liver are shown to be necessary factors in determining the effects observed. Because of the low fractional extraction of free tryptophan in the brain, the synthesis of 5-HT will be dependent only upon the free pool of tryptophan. Dissociation of tryptophan from albumin only causes a sustained increase in 5-HT synthesis in the brain because of the effect that this dissociation has on hepatic tryptophan catabolism and thereby on the free pool of tryptophan.

TOTAL AND FREE TRYPTOPHAN CONCENTRATION IN THE PLASMA OF DEPRESSIVE PATIENTS

The Lancet ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 300 (7792) ◽  
pp. 1415-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Coppen ◽  
E.G Eccleston ◽  
M Peet
Keyword(s):  
Free Tryptophan ◽  
Tryptophan Concentration ◽  
Depressive Patients

Autism

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-31
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Response ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Biochemical Effects ◽  
Blood Serotonin ◽  
Psychometric Measurements ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In 1982, three autistic children with hyperserotoninemia were reported to have had an impressive clinical response to treatment with fenfluramine—a finding that generated considerable hope and excitement. Now, well-designed studies have evaluated both the relationship of serotonin levels to autism and the clinical and biochemical effects of fenfluramine. Blood serotonin levels are not universally elevated in children with autism, and mean blood serotonin concentrations in autistic children are not significantly different from those in normal or in nonautistic retarded children. Treatment with fenfluramine does cause significant decreases in blood serotonin concentrations in autistic children, but such biochemical changes are not associated with changes in psychometric measurements of general intelligence.

TOTAL AND FREE TRYPTOPHAN CONCENTRATION IN THE PLASMA OF DEPRESSIVE PATIENTS

The Lancet ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 302 (7820) ◽  
pp. 60-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Coppen ◽  
E.G. Eccleston ◽  
M. Peet
Keyword(s):  
Free Tryptophan ◽  
Tryptophan Concentration ◽  
Depressive Patients

Plasma Free Tryptophan Concentration in Children with Attention Deficit Disorder

1985 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-535
Author(s):  
Yoshihiko Hoshino ◽  
Yoshinori Ohno ◽  
Toshiaki Yamamoto ◽  
Motohisa Kaneko ◽  
Hisashi Kumashiro
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Attention Deficit Disorder ◽  
Free Tryptophan ◽  
Tryptophan Concentration

scholarly journals The effects of diet, lipolysis and limb ischaemia on the distribution of plasma tryptophan in the rat

1975 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
H B Stoner ◽  
V J Cunningham ◽  
P M Elson ◽  
A Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Limb Ischaemia ◽  
Plasma Tryptophan ◽  
Free Tryptophan ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Tryptophan Concentration ◽  
Free Plasma ◽  
Sustained Increase

A non-linear relationship between the plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentration and the percentage of free plasma tryptophan was found in rats in different nutritional states, although non-esterified fatty acids are not the only factors determining the percentage of free tryptophan. This relationship was not seen in rats injured by limb ischaemia. The effect of drugs causing rapid increases in the plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentration was also studied. Isoprenaline decreased the total plasma tryptophan concentration. Dichloroisoprenaline caused a sustained increase in the plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentration which was accompanied by an increase in the concentration of free plasma tryptophan and followed by a fall in the concentration of total tryptophan. The loss of tryptophan from the plasma was attributed to an altered distribution of tryptophan in the extracellular space rather than to increased metabolism. This interpretation was supported by determinations of the irreversible disposal rate of plasma tryptophan which in uninjured rats was unaffected by the concentration of free plasma tryptophan. In the injured rats this rate was unaltered during limb ischaemia but was decreased after removal of the tourniquets; increased competition for tissue entry by other neutral amino acids and the fall in body temperature could be factors in this fall.

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