Examination of circadian rhythmicity of blood serotonin and platelets in autistic and non-autistic children

1971 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Yuwiler ◽  
Edward R. Ritvo ◽  
Douglas Bald ◽  
David Kipper ◽  
Alex Koper
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythmicity ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Blood Serotonin

Blood serotonin concentrations and fenfluramine therapy in autistic children

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena H. Ho ◽  
Gillian Lockitch ◽  
Linda Eaves ◽  
Beryl Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Children ◽  
Blood Serotonin

Autism

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-31
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Response ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Biochemical Effects ◽  
Blood Serotonin ◽  
Psychometric Measurements ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In 1982, three autistic children with hyperserotoninemia were reported to have had an impressive clinical response to treatment with fenfluramine—a finding that generated considerable hope and excitement. Now, well-designed studies have evaluated both the relationship of serotonin levels to autism and the clinical and biochemical effects of fenfluramine. Blood serotonin levels are not universally elevated in children with autism, and mean blood serotonin concentrations in autistic children are not significantly different from those in normal or in nonautistic retarded children. Treatment with fenfluramine does cause significant decreases in blood serotonin concentrations in autistic children, but such biochemical changes are not associated with changes in psychometric measurements of general intelligence.

Blood Serotonin and Free Tryptophan Concentration in Autistic Children

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiko Hoshino ◽  
Toshiaki Yamamoto ◽  
Motohisa Kaneko ◽  
Ryuichi Tachibana ◽  
Makoto Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Children ◽  
Free Tryptophan ◽  
Blood Serotonin ◽  
Tryptophan Concentration

Blood Serotonin Levels in Adults, Autistic and Non-Autistic Children—With a Comparison of Different Methodologies

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
N R Badcock ◽  
J G Spence ◽  
L M Stern
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Serotonin Level ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Blood Serotonin ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Assay Methods ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Recent interest in conditions associated with increased blood serotonin level has highlighted the need for consistency between assay methods to allow for more accurate delineation of serotinin variables. To this end, comparison was made between a spectrofluorimetric technique frequently used in the past and two potentially more specific high performance liquid chromatographic procedures. Normal ranges and diurnal variations for blood serotonin in adults, normal, autistic children and children with developmental dysphasia were also determined. No significant difference was found between serotonin level in blood drawn by simultaneous venepuncture and capillary (fingerprick) collection. Whilst there was no evidence of circadian rhythm, seasonal variation with mean blood serotonin levels significantly lower in summer than in two successive winters was suggested. Blood serotonin values in normal children tended to decline with increasing age. No similar maturational effect was apparent in autistic children. The mean level for autistic children in winter was significantly higher than that for normal children in the same season; despite this there was considerable overlap of blood serotonin levels between normal and autistic groups. Serotonin levels determined by the three different methodologies showed a high correlation but differed significantly: caution should be exercised when comparing blood serotonin results where different methods are employed.

Development of Neural Structure and Function in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Potential Implications for Learning Language

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1783-1797
Author(s):  
Kelly L. Coburn ◽  
Diane L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Language Intervention ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Neural Structure ◽  
Complex Information ◽  
And Function

Purpose Neurodevelopmental processes that begin during gestation and continue throughout childhood typically support language development. Understanding these processes can help us to understand the disruptions to language that occur in neurodevelopmental conditions, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Method For this tutorial, we conducted a focused literature review on typical postnatal brain development and structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetoencephalography, and electroencephalography studies of the neurodevelopmental differences that occur in ASD. We then integrated this knowledge with the literature on evidence-based speech-language intervention practices for autistic children. Results In ASD, structural differences include altered patterns of cortical growth and myelination. Functional differences occur at all brain levels, from lateralization of cortical functions to the rhythmic activations of single neurons. Neuronal oscillations, in particular, could help explain disrupted language development by elucidating the timing differences that contribute to altered functional connectivity, complex information processing, and speech parsing. Findings related to implicit statistical learning, explicit task learning, multisensory integration, and reinforcement in ASD are also discussed. Conclusions Consideration of the neural differences in autistic children provides additional scientific support for current recommended language intervention practices. Recommendations consistent with these neurological findings include the use of short, simple utterances; repetition of syntactic structures using varied vocabulary; pause time; visual supports; and individualized sensory modifications.

The Long, Hard Struggle: Effective Help for Autistic Children

1990 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-22
Author(s):  
Lee M. Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Children

Best Practice for Teaching Autistic Children

PsycCRITIQUES ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawzy Ebrahim
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Autistic Children
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