The Clock-Drawing Test in Elderly Italian Community Dwellers: Associations with Sociodemographic Status and Risk Factors for Vascular Cognitive Impairment

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ravaglia ◽  
P. Forti ◽  
F. Maioli ◽  
G. Arnone ◽  
G. Pantieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Vascular Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Italian Community ◽  
Community Dwellers

scholarly journals The Clock Drawing Test: Performance differences between the free-drawn and incomplete-copy versions in patients with MCI and dementia

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bárbara Costa Beber ◽  
Renata Kochhann ◽  
Bruna Matias ◽  
Márcia Lorena Fagundes Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Drawing Test

ABSTRACT Background: The Clock Drawing Test (CDT) is a brief cognitive screening tool for dementia. Several different presentation formats and scoring methods for the CDT are available in the literature. Objective: In this study we aimed to compare performance on the free-drawn and "incomplete-copy" versions of the CDT using the same short scoring method in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia patients, and healthy elderly participants. Methods: 90 participants (controlled for age, sex and education) subdivided into control group (n=20), MCI group (n=30) and dementia group (n=40) (Alzheimer's disease - AD=20; Vascular Dementia - VD=20) were recruited for this study. The participants performed the two CDT versions at different times and a blinded neuropsychologist scored the CDTs using the same scoring system. Results: The scores on the free-drawn version were significantly lower than the incomplete-copy version for all groups. The dementia group had significantly lower scores on the incomplete-copy version of the CDT than the control group. MCI patients did not differ significantly from the dementia or control groups. Performance on the free-drawn copy differed significantly among all groups. Conclusion: The free-drawn CDT version is more cognitively demanding and sensitive for detecting mild/early cognitive impairment. Further evaluation of the diagnostic value (accuracy) of the free-drawn CDT in Brazilian MCI patients is needed.

Is the Clock Drawing Test a screening tool for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment? A systematic review

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Ehreke ◽  
Melanie Luppa ◽  
Hans-Helmut König ◽  
Steffi G. Riedel-Heller
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Mean Differences

ABSTRACTBackground:The clock drawing test (CDT) is a common and widely used cognitive screening instrument for the diagnosis of dementia. However, it has remained unclear whether it is a suitable method to identify mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The aim of this paper is to review systematically the studies concerning the utility of the CDT in diagnosing MCI.Method:A systematic literature search was conducted. All studies dealing with utility of CDT in diagnosing MCI regardless of the applied CDT scoring system and MCI concept were selected.Results:Nine relevant studies were identified. The majority of the studies compared average CDT scores of cognitively healthy and mildly impaired subjects, and four of them identified significant mean differences. If reported, sensitivity and specificity have been mostly unsatisfactory.Conclusion:CDT should not be used for MCI-screening.

Does the Combination of the MMSE and Clock Drawing Test (Mini-Clock) Improve the Detection of Mild Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment?

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 889-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Cacho ◽  
Julián Benito-León ◽  
Ricardo García-García ◽  
Bernardino Fernández-Calvo ◽  
José Luis Vicente-Villardón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test

P2-378: FUNCTIONAL MRI OF THE CLOCK-DRAWING TEST IN MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_15) ◽  
pp. P841-P842
Author(s):  
Natasha A. Talwar ◽  
Nathan W. Churchill ◽  
Megan A. Hird ◽  
Tahira Tasneem ◽  
Iryna Pshonyak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test

Informativeness of the scales for assessing cognitive functions and psychometric questionnaires for moderate cognitive impairment and vascular genesis dementia

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-86
Author(s):  
K. Kudukhova ◽  
L. Ivanova ◽  
V. Khaikin ◽  
V. Mkrtchyan
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disorder ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Moderate Cognitive Impairment

The purpose of this study is assessing informative capability of the most frequently used scales and neuropsychological tests evaluating cognitive function for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and vascular dementia (VD). A total of 104 patients with cerebrovascular disorder including 39 male and 65 female were divided into two subgroups depending on severity of the cognitive impairment. The first group consisted of 51 patients with MCI and the second one consisted of 53 patients with VD confirmed by MMSE and MoCA-test. The obtained correlation analysis data testifies to difficulties in the interpretation of these routinely used scales not only because of the differences between investigated parameters of the patients with MCI and VD, but also because of the main goal of their creation. Most of the scales were created for patients with dementia and now their sensitivity for MCI is doubtful. The MoCA test, Clock Drawing Test (CDT) and ADAS-cog subscale are more sensitive and has greatest informative capability for patients with MCI and dementia, while MMSE is more informative mostly for patients with dementia. Neuropsychological tests DAD and NPI remain informative in varying degrees of cognitive impairment. In the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the degree of cognitive impairment of vascular genesis, one should use not only a complex of scales and neuropsychological tests, but also methods that comprehensively reflect the vascular genesis of the process of formation of cognitive impairment.

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