Is the Clock Drawing Test Appropriate for Screening for Mild Cognitive Impairment? – Results of the German Study on Ageing, Cognition and Dementia in Primary Care Patients (AgeCoDe)

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Ehreke ◽  
Melanie Luppa ◽  
Tobias Luck ◽  
Birgitt Wiese ◽  
Siegfried Weyerer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
German Study ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Primary Care Patients

Is the Clock Drawing Test a screening tool for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment? A systematic review

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Ehreke ◽  
Melanie Luppa ◽  
Hans-Helmut König ◽  
Steffi G. Riedel-Heller
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Mean Differences

ABSTRACTBackground:The clock drawing test (CDT) is a common and widely used cognitive screening instrument for the diagnosis of dementia. However, it has remained unclear whether it is a suitable method to identify mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The aim of this paper is to review systematically the studies concerning the utility of the CDT in diagnosing MCI.Method:A systematic literature search was conducted. All studies dealing with utility of CDT in diagnosing MCI regardless of the applied CDT scoring system and MCI concept were selected.Results:Nine relevant studies were identified. The majority of the studies compared average CDT scores of cognitively healthy and mildly impaired subjects, and four of them identified significant mean differences. If reported, sensitivity and specificity have been mostly unsatisfactory.Conclusion:CDT should not be used for MCI-screening.

Does the Combination of the MMSE and Clock Drawing Test (Mini-Clock) Improve the Detection of Mild Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment?

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 889-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Cacho ◽  
Julián Benito-León ◽  
Ricardo García-García ◽  
Bernardino Fernández-Calvo ◽  
José Luis Vicente-Villardón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test

P2-378: FUNCTIONAL MRI OF THE CLOCK-DRAWING TEST IN MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_15) ◽  
pp. P841-P842
Author(s):  
Natasha A. Talwar ◽  
Nathan W. Churchill ◽  
Megan A. Hird ◽  
Tahira Tasneem ◽  
Iryna Pshonyak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test

Informativeness of the scales for assessing cognitive functions and psychometric questionnaires for moderate cognitive impairment and vascular genesis dementia

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-86
Author(s):  
K. Kudukhova ◽  
L. Ivanova ◽  
V. Khaikin ◽  
V. Mkrtchyan
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disorder ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Moderate Cognitive Impairment

The purpose of this study is assessing informative capability of the most frequently used scales and neuropsychological tests evaluating cognitive function for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and vascular dementia (VD). A total of 104 patients with cerebrovascular disorder including 39 male and 65 female were divided into two subgroups depending on severity of the cognitive impairment. The first group consisted of 51 patients with MCI and the second one consisted of 53 patients with VD confirmed by MMSE and MoCA-test. The obtained correlation analysis data testifies to difficulties in the interpretation of these routinely used scales not only because of the differences between investigated parameters of the patients with MCI and VD, but also because of the main goal of their creation. Most of the scales were created for patients with dementia and now their sensitivity for MCI is doubtful. The MoCA test, Clock Drawing Test (CDT) and ADAS-cog subscale are more sensitive and has greatest informative capability for patients with MCI and dementia, while MMSE is more informative mostly for patients with dementia. Neuropsychological tests DAD and NPI remain informative in varying degrees of cognitive impairment. In the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the degree of cognitive impairment of vascular genesis, one should use not only a complex of scales and neuropsychological tests, but also methods that comprehensively reflect the vascular genesis of the process of formation of cognitive impairment.

The Clock Drawing Test: A Reasonable Instrument to Assess Probable Dementia in Primary Care?

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katinka Reiner ◽  
Tilly Eichler ◽  
Johannes Hertel ◽  
Wolfgang Hoffmann ◽  
Jochen Rene Thyrian
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
And Gender

Objective: The primary aim of the study was to determine accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in detecting probable dementia as compared to the multi-domain dementia screening test DemTect. Methods: The sample was derived from the general practitioner (GP)-based, cluster-randomized controlled intervention trial DelpHi-MV (Dementia: life- and person-centered help in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania). Selected from 6.440 patients systematically screened for dementia in primary care, we examined three groups (a,b,c) where the CDT (as index test) as well as the DemTect (as reference standard) were available. After excluding cases with missing values, we included a sample of n=462 with “probable dementia”, n=586 with “mild cognitive impairment” and n=553 with “no cognitive impairment” matched for age and gender. We analyzed the accuracy of the CDT in identifying people with probable dementia by the DemTect and report sensitivity, and specificity for the CDT. We further analyzed age and gender differences associated with the groups. Results: In comparison to the DemTect the CDT identified more than twice as many of the screened patients as cognitively impaired (63.1% in the CDT vs. 28.9% in the DemTect). The sensitivity and specificity for the CDT were 84.4% and 45.6% respectively. We found considerable age and gender differences for the performance of the CDT. Higher age (p < 0.001) and female sex (p < 0.001) were associated with incorrect clock drawings. Conclusion: The CDT shows a considerably high rate of false positive screening outcomes compared to the DemTect and disadvantages older people and women. Thus, in contrary to previous findings our results indicate that the CDT should not be used as exclusive instrument to screen for probable dementia in primary care.

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