Experimental Radiotherapy of Late-Responding Tissues - Recent Advances and Future Development

Author(s):  
K.-R. Trott
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 4988-5014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Wang ◽  
Zhi Bin Zhang ◽  
Shi Peng Zhong ◽  
Zhao Qiang Zheng ◽  
Ping Xu ◽  
...  

This review introduces recent advances in the materials, fabrication and application of pulsed-laser deposition for high performance photo-detectors from an overall perspective. Challenges and future development trends are also discussed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (40) ◽  
pp. 20897-20924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Yang ◽  
Suyuan Zhang ◽  
Peixian Li ◽  
Shuiying Gao ◽  
Rong Cao

In this review, we focus on the most recent advances made in visible-light-driven selective organic oxidation transformations and highlighted their reaction mechanisms. Moreover, we discuss the future development trends, challenges, and prospective outlook in detail.


Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Jiao Liu ◽  
Xin Zuo ◽  
Xinyue Feng ◽  
Ying Gao

Benzothiazoles have played an important role in the field of biochemistry and medicinal chemistry due to their highly pharmaceutical and biological activity. The development of synthetic processes is undoubtedly one of the most significant problems facing researchers. In this review paper, we provided recent advances in the synthesis of benzothiazole compounds related to green chemistry from condensation of 2-aminobenzenethiol with aldehydes/ketones/acids/acyl chlorides and the cyclization of thioamide or carbon dioxide (CO2) as raw materials, and the future development trend and prospect of the synthesis of benzothiazoles were anticipated.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghe Liu ◽  
Chuanfa Ni ◽  
Jinbo Hu

Abstract The new millennium has witnessed the rapid development of synthetic organofluorine chemistry all over the world, and chemists in China have made significant contributions in this field. This review aims to provide a brief introduction to China's primary innovations from 2000 to early 2017, covering fluorination, fluoroalkylation, fluoromethylthiolation, fluoroolefination and polyfluoroarylation, as well as synthesis with fluorinated building blocks. Recent advances in the chemistry of difluorocarbene and the chemistry of carbon–fluorine bond activation are also discussed. As a conclusion, the review ends with some personal perspectives on the future development of China's synthetic organofluorine chemistry.


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 7051
Author(s):  
Lei Zhou

The creation of new bonds via C-F bond cleavage of readily available per- or oligofluorinated compounds has received growing interest. Using such a strategy, a myriad of valuable partially fluorinated products can be prepared, which otherwise are difficult to make by the conventional C-F bond formation methods. Visible light photoredox catalysis has been proven as an important and powerful tool for defluorinative reactions due to its mild, easy to handle, and environmentally benign characteristics. Compared to the classical C-F activation that proceeds via two-electron processes, radicals are the key intermediates using visible light photoredox catalysis, providing new modes for the cleavage of C-F bonds. In this review, a summary of the visible light-promoted C-F bond cleavage since 2018 was presented. The contents were classified by the fluorosubstrates, including polyfluorinated arenes, gem-difluoroalkenes, trifluoromethyl arenes, and trifluoromethyl alkenes. An emphasis is placed on the discussion of the mechanisms and limitations of these reactions. Finally, my personal perspective on the future development of this rapidly emerging field was provided.


The basic physical processes occurring in vacuum arcs are described, and it is shown that reasonable agreement exists between theory and practice as to the interrupting ability to be expected of vacuum interrupters. Designs of interrupters and contacts for both low and high current applications are reviewed, together with the properties of materials required. The advantages and disadvantages of this method of circuit interruption in power systems are discussed, together with the present applications of these interrupters. Finally, an attempt is made to predict the pattern of future development of interrupters and of their applications.


2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (13) ◽  
pp. 2175-2201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengpeng Jia ◽  
Ruizhuo Ouyang ◽  
Penghui Cao ◽  
Xiao Tong ◽  
Xia Zhou ◽  
...  

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