Volatile Alkanes and Increased Concentrations of Isoprene in Exhaled Air during Hemodialysis

Nephron ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Capodicasa ◽  
Gianfranco Trovarelli ◽  
Gianna Evelina De Medio ◽  
Maria Antonietta Pelli ◽  
Giorgio Lippi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exhaled Air ◽  
Volatile Alkanes

Aktivitätskonzentration der vom Personal einer Radiojodtherapiestation eingeatmeten Luft

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Fill ◽  
M. Oberladstätter ◽  
J. W. Krzesniak
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Therapeutic Activity ◽  
External Radiation ◽  
Oral Application ◽  
Exhaled Air ◽  
The Mean

The mean activity concentration of1311 during inhalation by the nuclear medicine personnel was measured at therapeutic activity applications of 22 GBq (600 mCi) per week. The activity concentration reached its maximum in the exhaled air of the patients 2.5 to 4 hours after oral application. The normalized maximum was between 2 • 10−5 and 2 • 10−3 Bq-m−3 per administered Bq. The mean activity concentration of1311 inhaled by the personnel was 28 to 1300 Bq-m−3 (0.8 to 35 nCi-rrf−3). From this the1311 uptake per year was estimated to be 30 to 400 kBq/a (x̄ = 250, SD = 50%). The maximum permitted uptake from air per year is, according to the German and Austrian radiation protection ordinances 22/21 µiCi/a (= 8 • 105 Bq/a). At maximum 50% and, on the average, 30% of this threshold value are reached. The length of stay of the personnel in the patient rooms is already now limited to such an extent that 10% of the maximum permissible whole-body dose for external radiation is not exceeded. Therefore, increased attention should be paid also to radiation exposure by inhalation.

EXHALED AIR AS AN OBJECT OF STUDYING THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE ORGANISM

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
C. Raimkulova ◽  
S. Aronbaev ◽  
S. Vasina ◽  
D. Aronbaev
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Exhaled Air

Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Malignancies Based on the Analysis of Markers in Exhaled Air

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Chernov ◽  
Evgeniy L. Choynzonov ◽  
Denis E. Kulbakin ◽  
Ekaterina N. Menkova ◽  
Elena V. Obkhodskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Non Invasive ◽  
Exhaled Air

scholarly journals Investigation of the Formation Mechanism and Environmental Risk of Tire—Pavement Wearing Waste (TPWW)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8172
Author(s):  
Kechen Wang ◽  
Xiangyu Chu ◽  
Jiao Lin ◽  
Qilin Yang ◽  
Zepeng Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
The Road ◽  
Open Graded Friction Course ◽  
Volatile Alkanes ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Tire—pavement interaction behaviours result in large amounts of wearing waste matter, which attaches to the surface of the pavement and is directly exposed to the surrounding environment. This kind of matter imposes a great challenge to the environment of the road area. The current study is devoted to carrying out a comprehensive investigation of the formation mechanism of tire—pavement wearing waste (TPWW), as well as the resulting environmental risks. A self-developed piece of accelerated polishing equipment, the Harbin advanced polishing machine (HAPM), was employed to simulate the wearing process between vehicle tires and pavement surfaces, and the TPWW was collected to conduct morphological, physical, and chemical characterisations. The results from this study show that the production rate of TPWW decreases with the increase in polishing duration, and the coarse particles (diameters greater than 0.425 mm) account for most of the TPWW obtained. The fine fraction (diameter smaller than 0.425 mm) of the TPWW comprises variously sized and irregularly shaped rubber particles from the tire, as well as uniformly sized and angular fine aggregates. The environmental analysis results show that volatile alkanes (C9–C16) are the major organic contaminants in TPWW. The Open-Graded Friction Course (OGFC) asphalt mixture containing crumb rubber as a modifier showed the highest risk of heavy metal pollution, and special concern must be given to tire materials for the purpose of improving the environmental conditions of road areas. The use of polyurethane as a binder material in the production of pavement mixtures has an environmental benefit in terms of pollution from both organic contaminants and heavy metals.

Desaturation of exhaled air in camels

1981 ◽  
Vol 211 (1184) ◽  
pp. 305-319 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Mechanical Model ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Body Core Temperature ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties ◽  
Exhaled Air ◽  
Body Core

We have found that camels can reduce the water loss due to evaporation from the respiratory tract in two ways: (1) by decreasing the temperature of the exhaled air and (2) by removal of water vapour from this air, resulting in the exhalation of air at less than 100% relative humidity (r. h.). Camels were kept under desert conditions and deprived of drinking water. In the daytime the exhaled air was at or near body core temperature, while in the cooler night exhaled air was at or near ambient air temperature. In the daytime the exhaled air was fully saturated, but at night its humidity might fall to approximately 75% r. h. The combination of cooling and desaturation can provide a saving of water of 60% relative to exhalation of saturated air at body temperature. The mechanism responsible for cooling of the exhaled air is a simple heat exchange between the respiratory air and the surfaces of the nasal passageways. On inhalation these surfaces are cooled by the air passing over them, and on exhalation heat from the exhaled air is given off to these cooler surfaces. The mechanism responsible for desaturation of the air appears to depend on the hygroscopic properties of the nasal surfaces when the camel is dehydrated. The surfaces give off water vapour during inhalation and take up water from the respiratory air during exhalation. We have used a simple mechanical model to demonstrate the effectiveness of this mechanism.

Exhaled air temperature in asthmatic children: a mathematical evaluation

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Pifferi ◽  
Vincenzo Ragazzo ◽  
Antonino Previti ◽  
Giovanni Pioggia ◽  
Marcello Ferro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Exhaled Air ◽  
Mathematical Evaluation

scholarly journals Exhaled Air Dispersion During Oxygen Delivery Via a Simple Oxygen Mask

CHEST Journal ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 540-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Hui ◽  
Stephen D. Hall ◽  
Matthew T.V. Chan ◽  
Benny K. Chow ◽  
Susanna S. Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Delivery ◽  
Oxygen Mask ◽  
Air Dispersion ◽  
Exhaled Air

scholarly journals Study on the initial velocity distribution of exhaled air from coughing and speaking

Chemosphere ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 1260-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon-Bark Kwon ◽  
Jaehyung Park ◽  
Jaeyoun Jang ◽  
Youngmin Cho ◽  
Duck-Shin Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Initial Velocity ◽  
Initial Velocity Distribution ◽  
Exhaled Air
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