scholarly journals Investigation of the Formation Mechanism and Environmental Risk of Tire—Pavement Wearing Waste (TPWW)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8172
Author(s):  
Kechen Wang ◽  
Xiangyu Chu ◽  
Jiao Lin ◽  
Qilin Yang ◽  
Zepeng Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
The Road ◽  
Open Graded Friction Course ◽  
Volatile Alkanes ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Tire—pavement interaction behaviours result in large amounts of wearing waste matter, which attaches to the surface of the pavement and is directly exposed to the surrounding environment. This kind of matter imposes a great challenge to the environment of the road area. The current study is devoted to carrying out a comprehensive investigation of the formation mechanism of tire—pavement wearing waste (TPWW), as well as the resulting environmental risks. A self-developed piece of accelerated polishing equipment, the Harbin advanced polishing machine (HAPM), was employed to simulate the wearing process between vehicle tires and pavement surfaces, and the TPWW was collected to conduct morphological, physical, and chemical characterisations. The results from this study show that the production rate of TPWW decreases with the increase in polishing duration, and the coarse particles (diameters greater than 0.425 mm) account for most of the TPWW obtained. The fine fraction (diameter smaller than 0.425 mm) of the TPWW comprises variously sized and irregularly shaped rubber particles from the tire, as well as uniformly sized and angular fine aggregates. The environmental analysis results show that volatile alkanes (C9–C16) are the major organic contaminants in TPWW. The Open-Graded Friction Course (OGFC) asphalt mixture containing crumb rubber as a modifier showed the highest risk of heavy metal pollution, and special concern must be given to tire materials for the purpose of improving the environmental conditions of road areas. The use of polyurethane as a binder material in the production of pavement mixtures has an environmental benefit in terms of pollution from both organic contaminants and heavy metals.

scholarly journals Pavement and Noise Reduction Performance of Open-Graded Asphalt Friction Course Improved by Waste Tire Crumb Rubber

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ya Wang ◽  
Xianguang Wang ◽  
Liwen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Rubber Particle ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Test Results ◽  
The Road ◽  
Open Graded Friction Course ◽  
Road Performance ◽  
Reduction Effect

To further reveal the road performance and noise reduction performance of open-graded friction course (OGFC), the crumb rubber prepared by adding waste tires were considered, and the performance requirements of the material were put forward. To avoid the influence of rubber particle swelling on aggregate, the special gradation and mix proportion of OGFC mixture were designed, and the particle size of 4.75 mm was proposed as the control size. The test results show that the aggregate forms a good embedded structure. The resilient modulus, deformation performance, and fatigue performance of R-OGFC asphalt mixture with different crumb rubber contents were studied. According to the test results, the rubber particle content under the best road performance and noise reduction effect was proposed. The results show that, after adding a certain amount of crumb rubber, the performance of asphalt mixture has been greatly improved, especially the dynamic stability has been improved by 84%. Although the resilient modulus has decreased by 10%, the creep performance has decreased by 37%, and the fatigue life has decreased by 31% (2% rubber content), the noise reduction can reach 3.6–8.6 dB, and the noise reduction performance is significant. This shows that the best content of rubber particles is between 1.5% and 2%, and the R-OGFC mixture modified by rubber has a good application prospect.

Laboratory Assessment of Workability of Asphalt Rubber Hot Mixes Using Warm Mix Technology

2012 ◽  
Vol 193-194 ◽  
pp. 452-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Yun Huang ◽  
Jing Hui Liu ◽  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Dan Ni Li
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Laboratory Assessment ◽  
Asphalt Mixes ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
The Road ◽  
Asphalt Rubber ◽  
Synergy Effects ◽  
Save Energy

Using the waste crumb rubber modified asphalt to pave the road surface could reduce cost and save energy. However，in order to obtain adequate workability, the mixing temperature and compaction temperature of rubberized asphalt binder and its mixture is much higher than those of conventional asphalt mixtures. Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) is the name given to certain technologies that reduce the production and placement temperatures of asphalt mixes. One of the main benefits advertised is the increased workability at conventional and lower compaction temperatures with the WMA addition. This paper evaluates whether there are any synergy effects of using warm mix technologies and Asphalt Rubber(AR) hot mixes. This paper summarizes a lab research to evaluate the workability of Asphalt Rubber hot mixes containing warm mix technologies. Both asphalt binder and asphalt mixture were evaluated and compared. The research suggests that combining WMA technology with Asphalt Rubber mixtures is a win-win.

A Review of the Utilisation of Recycled Waste Material as an Alternative Modifier in Asphalt Mixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 42-60
Author(s):  
Abdalrhman Abrahim Milad ◽  
Ahmed Suliman B. Ali ◽  
Nur Izzi Md Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
The Road

The possibility of using waste materials in road construction is of great interest as their utilisation may contribute to reducing the problems of hazard and pollution and conserve natural resources. Thus, there is an urgent need to find a sustainable method for using waste materials as a substitute in the standard asphalt binders. There are several concerns about the physical and chemical properties and mechanical performance of asphalt pavements incorporated with waste material in the effort to reduce permanent deformation of the road surface. This review article presents a brief discussion of the asphalt mixtures modified with waste material, and the recycled materials used as a modifier in the asphalt mixture. The present paper summarises the use of crumb rubber, crushed concrete, steel slag, glass fibre and plastic waste in asphalt mixtures. The use of waste materials as a modifier in asphalt mixture resulted in improved asphalt pavement performance. Results advocate that rubberised asphalt mixture with desired properties can be designed as an additive with a friendly environmental approach in construction materials. The researches that adopted the influence of usage, recycle waste material to improve the performance of the asphalt of the road are still limited compared to other construction fields. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-SP(EMCE)-05 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Laboratory Study of the Use of Additional Reacted and Activated Rubber (RAR) Materials on Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course (AC-WC) Mix

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Bayu Tirta Leksana Purnomo ◽  
Latif Budi Suparman ◽  
Agus Taufik Mulyono
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
The Government ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Under Construction

<em>The development of infrastructure in Indonesia was increasing. The government focuses on boosting infrastructure development to create long-term economic growth. Therefore, a qualified infrastructure was a standard of an advanced rapidly economy. One of them is under construction was road and toll road infrastructure. As a result of the development was the occurrence of the increasing volume of vehicles on the road. Due to this resulting in an increased load reposition and also increased vehicle load on the road, it was then combined with a wet tropical climate or humid warm areas in Indonesia that have high rainfall and temperatures that can reach 38<sup>o</sup>C, resulting in structural damage such as cracks, rutting, stripping, and pothole. Performance from pavement also declined faster than the estimated plan. Roads in Indonesia mostly use the type of concrete asphalt mixture. Characteristics for concrete asphalt prioritize stability. In fact, the most important thing was the stability and durability of the road. Various ways can be done to overcome the road damage and acquire the ideal characteristics such as the use of added materials to Hot Mix Asphalt. To improve the performance of pavement characteristics, the use of added materials was expected to overcome problems that are affected by temperature, weather, increased vehicle volume, and increased traffic load. The added materials are to enhance Reacted and Activated Rubber (RAR) which was a developed crumb rubber to increase durability and keep the level of road pavement stability.</em>

scholarly journals The Effect of Crumb Rubber Particle Size to the Optimum Binder Content for Open Graded Friction Course

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Rasdan Ibrahim ◽  
Herda Yati Katman ◽  
Mohamed Rehan Karim ◽  
Suhana Koting ◽  
Nuha S. Mashaan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Rubber Particle ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Binder Content ◽  
Air Voids ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
The Road ◽  
Open Graded Friction Course

The main objective of this paper is to investigate the relations of rubber size, rubber content, and binder content in determination of optimum binder content for open graded friction course (OGFC). Mix gradation type B as specified in Specification for Porous Asphalt produced by the Road Engineering Association of Malaysia (REAM) was used in this study. Marshall specimens were prepared with four different sizes of rubber, namely, 20 mesh size [0.841 mm], 40 mesh [0.42 mm], 80 mesh [0.177 mm], and 100 mesh [0.149 mm] with different concentrations of rubberised bitumen (4%, 8%, and 12%) and different percentages of binder content (4%–7%). The appropriate optimum binder content is then selected according to the results of the air voids, binder draindown, and abrasion loss test. Test results found that crumb rubber particle size can affect the optimum binder content for OGFC.

Monitoring of environmental effects and process performance during biological treatment of sediment from the petroleum Harbour in Amsterdam

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 395-402
Author(s):  
Guus C. Stefess
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Froth Flotation ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Silt Fraction

A full-scale (470 m3) process for biological treatment of dredging spoil from the Petroleum Harbour in Amsterdam has been monitored during a pilot project. The dredging spoil was heavily polluted with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and mineral oil. The remediation chain involved dredging, transport of dredged spoil, hydrocyclone separation, froth flotation of the coarse particles, and biological treatment of the silt fraction (&lt;20 μm) in stirred bioractors. The independent monitoring was aimed at recording the environmental effects, product quality and performance of the biological process. Hydrocyclone separation (cut point 20 m) resulted in two bulk streams: 65% sand and 30% silt (based on total dry weight of the input). The sand was cleaned and could be reused as building material. PAH and mineral oil were successfully concentrated in the silt fraction (&lt;20 μm), which was treated biologically. Biological treatment during continuous feeding of fine fraction, at a residence time of 8-10 days for the entire bioreactor system, resulted in considerably reduced mineral oil and PAH contents. Furthermore, the leaching of organic contaminants was reduced, as well as the ecotoxicity. The obtained silt product however did not meet the demands, and had to be landfilled. Minor emissions of contaminants were measured in wastewater and offgas. The energy and chemicals consumption were acceptable. The biological process appears to be promising for the treatment of less-severely contaminated dredged material.

Experimental Study on Mix Ratio Design and Road Performance of Medium and Small Deformation Seamless Expansion Joints of Bridges

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812098474
Author(s):  
Pengzhen Lu ◽  
Chenhao Zhou ◽  
Simin Huang ◽  
Yang Shen ◽  
Yilong Pan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Small Deformation ◽  
Expansion Joint ◽  
Expansion Joints ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
The Road ◽  
Marshall Test ◽  
Road Performance

Expansion joints are a weak and fragile part of bridge superstructure. The damage or failure of the expansion joint will lead to the decline of bridge durability and endanger the bridge structure and traffic safety. To improve the service life and performance of bridge expansion joints, the ideal method is to use seamless expansion joints. In this study, starting from the commonly used asphalt mixture gradation of seamless expansion joint, and taking into account the actual situation of bridge expansion joint structure and environment in China, the gradation and asphalt-aggregate ratio are preliminarily designed. Through a Marshall test, the corresponding asphalt mixture is evaluated and analyzed according to the stability, flow value, and void ratio, and the optimal gradation and asphalt-aggregate ratio are determined. Finally, the asphalt mixture is prepared with the mixture ratio design, and the test results of an immersion Marshall test, fatigue performance test, and full-scale test verify that the asphalt mixture meets the road performance requirements of seamless expansion joints. On the basis of the experimental data, the performance of large sample asphalt mixture is continuously tested, compared, and optimized. The results show that the asphalt mixture ratio designed is true and reliable, which can provide reference for the optimal design of seamless expansion joint filler.

scholarly journals Rejuvenation Mechanism of Asphalt Mixtures Modified with Crumb Rubber

CivilEng ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-384
Author(s):  
Hossein Noorvand ◽  
Kamil Kaloush ◽  
Jose Medina ◽  
Shane Underwood
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Creep Compliance ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Indirect Tensile Strength ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Noise Mitigation ◽  
Indirect Tensile

Asphalt aging is one of the main factors causing asphalt pavements deterioration. Previous studies reported on some aging benefits of asphalt rubber mixtures through laboratory evaluation. A field observation of various pavement sections of crumb rubber modified asphalt friction courses (ARFC) in the Phoenix, Arizona area indicated an interesting pattern of transverse/reflective cracking. These ARFC courses were placed several years ago on existing jointed plain concrete pavements for highway noise mitigation. Over the years, the shoulders had very noticeable and extensive cracking over the joints; however, the driving lanes of the pavement showed less cracking formation in severity and extent. The issue with this phenomenon is that widely adopted theories that stem from continuum mechanics of materials and layered mechanics of pavement systems cannot directly explain this phenomenon. One hypothesis could be that traffic loads continually manipulate the pavement over time, which causes some maltenes (oils and resins) compounds absorbed in the crumb rubber particles to migrate out leading to rejuvenation of the mastic in the asphalt mixture. To investigate the validity of such a hypothesis, an experimental laboratory testing was undertaken to condition samples with and without dynamic loads at high temperatures. This was followed by creep compliance and indirect tensile strength testing. The results showed the higher creep for samples aged with dynamic loading compared to those aged without loading. Higher creep compliance was attributed to higher flexibility of samples due to the rejuvenation of the maltenes. This was also supported by the higher fracture energy results obtained for samples conditioned with dynamic loading from indirect tensile strength testing.

Can crumb rubber modifier effectively replace the use of polymer- modified bitumen in asphalt mixture?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Lily D. Poulikakos ◽  
William Buttlar ◽  
Nicolas Schüwer ◽  
Davide Lo Presti ◽  
Tobias Balmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Polymer Modified Bitumen

Evaluation of the Effects of Engineered Crumb Rubber (ECR) on Asphalt Mixture Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 20210077
Author(s):  
Punyaslok Rath ◽  
J. Meister ◽  
B. Jahangiri ◽  
W. Buttlar
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Crumb Rubber
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