Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Malignancies Based on the Analysis of Markers in Exhaled Air

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Chernov ◽  
Evgeniy L. Choynzonov ◽  
Denis E. Kulbakin ◽  
Ekaterina N. Menkova ◽  
Elena V. Obkhodskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Non Invasive ◽  
Exhaled Air

Non-invasive approach to diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis using microdroplets collected from exhaled air

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 036010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor N Morozov ◽  
Alexander A Nikolaev ◽  
Yuri M Shlyapnikov ◽  
Andrei Y Mikheev ◽  
Elena A Shlyapnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Exhaled Air

scholarly journals Immunological and genetic indices in workers under long-term exposure to low-doses of acrylonitrile

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 1115-1122
Author(s):  
Nina V. Zaitseva ◽  
Tatyana S. Ulanova ◽  
Oleg V. Dolgikh ◽  
Tatyana V. Nurislamova ◽  
Olga A. Kazakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Malonic Dialdehyde ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Exhaled Air ◽  
Activated T Lymphocytes ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Nowadays there is very relevant research on the study of the characteristics of the impact on the health of workers of low levels of harmful factors (acrylonitrile) of production during long-term exposure. Aim of the study was to examine peculiarities of immunologic and genetic indices in workers under the long-term exposure to acrylonitrile in low doses. Materials and methods. Our research object was working area air (MPCw.ar.=0.5 mg/m3) and biological media (blood and exhaled air) of workers employed at industrial rubber manufacture. Acrylonitrile was determined via a non-invasive procedure in exhaled air with samples being concentrated on sorption tubes that were then analyzed with capillary gas chromatography. Blood samples were examined to determine contents of malonic dialdehyde, lymphocytes (absolute and relative activated T-lymphocytes CD3+CD25+, absolute and relative activated T-lymphocytes CD3+CD95+), cytokines (VEGF), oncomarkers (PSA), and adrenals hormones; to do that, we applied ELISA tests and flow cytometry. Results. Acrylonitrile was established to occur in working area air in concentrations varying within MPCw.ar. range (0.007-0.015 mg/m3) being 2-3 times higher than in air inside offices at the same enterprise. We obtained statistically significant linear dependence between concentrations of acrylonitrile in the air exhaled by workers (y) and their working experience (x) that was given with the following equation: y=0.00046+0.00027x. According to the results of the laboratory examination of the workers, violations of the antioxidant defense were established. Contents of malonic dialdehyde and steroid hormones including progesterone, estradiol, and hydrocortisone that were pathogenetically linked to each other were authentically up to 3.2 times higher in the test group than in the reference one (p<0.05). Risk for antioxidant protection disorders such as elevated malonic dialdehyde contents in blood plasma might occur in the test group was 1.58 times higher than in the reference one. Conclusion. We revealed certain peculiarities in polymorphism of PPARGC1A Gly482Ser rs8192678 gene, the variability of which contributes to the formation of pathology of the cardiovascular, endocrine systems, oncoproliferative states that increase the likelihood of these undesirable events.

scholarly journals Nitric Oxide and Biological Mediators in Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Asthma

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Agnese Ferraro ◽  
Stefania Zanconato ◽  
Eugenio Baraldi ◽  
Silvia Carraro
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Exhaled Air ◽  
Breath Condensate

Background: In the context of the so-called unified airway theory, chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and asthma may coexist. The inflammation underlying these conditions can be studied through the aid of biomarkers. Main body: We described the main biological mediators that have been studied in pediatric CRS and asthma, and, according to the available literature, we reported their potential role in the diagnosis and management of these conditions. As for CRS, we discussed the studies that investigated nasal nitric oxide (nNO), pendrin, and periostin. As for asthma, we discussed the role of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (feNO), the role of periostin, and that of biological mediators measured in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and exhaled air (volatile organic compounds, VOCs). Conclusion: Among non-invasive biomarkers, nNO seems the most informative in CRS and feNO in asthma. Other biological mediators seem promising, but further studies are needed before they can be applied in clinical practice.

P1020 VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN EXHALED AIR AS POTENTIAL NON-INVASIVE BIOMARKER FOR LIVER CIRRHOSIS

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. S415
Author(s):  
K.E. Pijls ◽  
A. Smolinska ◽  
D.M.A.E. Jonkers ◽  
E.J.C. Moonen ◽  
J.W. Dallinga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Exhaled Air

A Clinical Test to Capture Humidity From Exhalation: Self-Humidification

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Grau-Bartual ◽  
Ahmed M. Al-Jumaily
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Exhaled Air ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Very High

Abstract Lung supportive devices are widely used for non-invasive positive airway pressure ventilation and respiratory therapy to help provide breathing support for patients with various lung diseases including Obstructive Sleep Apnea. These devices deliver air to the patient through a facial or nasal mask, and the use of these devices normally results in dryness in the upper airways. However, the exhaled air consists of very high humidity content hence the moisture content of this air can be reused in the inhalation process. This research focuses on testing clinically a previously developed element which can recover the moisture from the exhaled air and use it for re-inhalation. 21 healthy volunteers between the ages of 21 and 55, where 38.1% were females and 61.9% males, were invited to participate in this study. The results show a viable element which is able to trap water molecules from the expiration airflow and release them into the inspiration airflow.

Pterygopalatine Fossa Block as a Component of Multimodal Anesthesia in an Ophthalmic Surgery

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
V Serdiuk ◽  
N Mynka ◽  
Yu Kobelyatsky
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Pterygopalatine Fossa ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ophthalmic Surgery ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Exhaled Air

Materials and methods. The study included 20 patients aged 25 to 84, 11 men and 9 women with various front eye pathologies. 10 patients were anesthetized according to the classic scheme taken in our clinic. In the other 10 patients, the pain relief scheme was supplemented by the implementation of pterygopalatine fossa block. Monitoring during the operation included non-invasive monitoring of hemodynamics, pulsoxymetry, determination of oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration in exhaled air. In postoperative period level of pain was fixed using visual-analogue scale and frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Results. The study found that patients in the groups had no statistically significant differences in sex, age and severity of surgery. At all stages of the study, the severity of pain in patients with the pterygopalatine fossa block was reliably lower than in patients in the control group. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was also lower in the blockade group.

scholarly journals A Non-Invasive Glucose Analysis Model with a Carbon Nanotube Sensor

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolescu Adrian Eracle ◽  
Rusali Lavinia ◽  
Vasile Monica
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
Noninvasive Measurements ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Exhaled Air ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Air Sample ◽  
New Applications

Abstract The development and studies related to carbon nanotubes, due to their physical properties and small sizes, are revealing new applications in the medical field. The present paper is proposing a non-invasive method of patient glycemia measurement by mean of carbon nanotubes based sensor. Due to their small sizes and elastic properties, carbon nanotubes are able to oscillate under the weight of small molecules capable of fixing on their body structure. After piezoelectric activation, the carbon nanotubes sensor based, is able to detect the variation of oscillations produced in nanotubes due to acetone molecules diffused through a selectively permeable membrane from the exhaled air, and attached to the nanotubes. The mathematical model taken into accont shows a linear dependence between the concentration of acetone in blood and glycemia, and makes the carbon nanotube sensor suitable for indirect estimation of the glycemia by noninvasive measurements made on the exhaled air sample, providing zero risk for the patient and absence of stress during the measurements.

scholarly journals A profile of volatile organic compounds in exhaled air as a potential non-invasive biomarker for liver cirrhosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten E. Pijls ◽  
Agnieszka Smolinska ◽  
Daisy M. A. E. Jonkers ◽  
Jan W. Dallinga ◽  
Ad A. M. Masclee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Exhaled Air

Non-invasive and isotope-selective laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy of nitric oxide in exhaled air

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 026003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Mitscherling ◽  
Jörg Lauenstein ◽  
Christof Maul ◽  
Alexei A Veselov ◽  
Oleg S Vasyutinskii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Induced Fluorescence ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Exhaled Air

scholarly journals Non-invasive methods to assess biomarkers of exposure and early stage of pulmonary disease in smoking subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Malerba ◽  
B. Ragnoli ◽  
M. Corradi
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Induced Sputum ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Biomarkers Of Exposure ◽  
Exhaled Air ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Breath Condensate

Cigarette smoking is the major factor implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), despite the fact that only susceptible smoking subjects develop this respiratory disease. In the last few years non–invasive techniques such as induced sputum (IS), exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) measurement and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) collection have been successfully established revealing an inflammatory status and oxidative stress indicators in the airways involved in the pathogenesis of several pulmonary diseases. Using these new non-invasive experimental tools recently, several efforts have been made to find new biomarkers in order to assess and monitor early lung damage induced by smoking. Tobacco smoke can acutely reduce eNO levels in healthy smokers and non-smoker subjects so it can play a role in anti-smoking programmes; its increase can be a positive parameter for subjects who are going to stop cigarette smoking and at the same time be used as an anti-smoking indicator. It can be useful to investigate the mechanism of cigarette-induced lung damage in an experimental setting and may potentially be useful for assessing of Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) effects. Markers of oxidative stress have been detected in induced sputum of COPD subjects even though only few studies investigated the use of induced sputum to study smoke effects on the lungs of healthy subjects. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) obtained by cooling exhaled air under conditions of spontaneous breathing is a promising biological fluid that could provide a real-time assessment of pulmonary pathobiology. The analysis of induced sputum and of exhaled air is feasible and non-invasive, can be useful to identify new biomarkers of exposure or susceptibility in COPD patients to enhance the understanding of airways changes due to current smoking and may be useful to find new biomarkers in order to assess and monitor early lung damage induced by smoke in order to prevent the progression of obstructive disease.

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