scholarly journals A Proposed Information System for Communicating Foot-and-Mouth Disease Events among Livestock Stakeholders in Gairo District, Morogoro Region, Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ahmed Kijazi ◽  
Michael Kisangiri ◽  
Shubi Kaijage ◽  
Gabriel Shirima
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Short Message ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Service Data

Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) is present in many countries globally, including Tanzania, especially Gairo district. The data shows that 78% of livestock keepers in Gairo district had already observed FMD infection in their cattle, and the pastoral communities were mostly affected. Currently, vaccination is the main tool for controlling FMD because there are no therapeutic intervention tools. Therefore, effective communication among livestock stakeholders can be used as an essential tool of preparedness for the disease’s impact. This study had two specific objectives: (i) to explore the challenges of communicating FMD events among livestock keepers and other livestock stakeholders in Gairo district and (ii) to propose an information system for sharing FMD events among the livestock stakeholders in Gairo district. The study found that there was a delay when communicating FMD events in Gairo district due to the long chain of information flow. Therefore, the system aims to reduce the communication chain by allowing livestock keepers to report disease outbreaks directly to the system. Livestock keepers may also access FMD precaution measures, negative impacts, clinical signs transmission ways, and current outbreaks directly from the system using Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD), Short Message Services (SMS), robocalls, and feature phones. The system also provides a common platform for sharing FMD outbreaks data and events to other stakeholders based on the system’s privileges. In this study, a closed-ended interview using a questionnaire was used for data collection. The PHP hypertext processor, jQuery, HTML, JSON, JavaScript, Apache web server, and MySQL database were used for developing the system.

scholarly journals A Monitoring System for Transboundary Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) considering the Demographic Characteristics in Gairo, Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 7302-7310
Author(s):  
A. Kijazi ◽  
M. Kisangiri ◽  
S. Kaijage ◽  
G. Shirima
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Information Flow ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Short Message ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Voice Calls

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is present in many countries, including Tanzania. Gairo is among the districts that frequently face FMD. This study found that the current mechanism for communicating FMD in Gairo district suffers from a long chain of information flow that causes delay and insufficient information for FMD control. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the implementation of an information system named "Monitoring System for Transboundary Foot and Mouth Disease," developed purposely to provide a standard platform for communicating FMD between livestock keepers and other stakeholders in the district. The system enables timely sharing of FMD events such as outbreaks, precaution measures, clinical signs, and negative impacts using Short Message Services (SMS), Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD), and Voice Calls (robo-calls) through the mobile phones. Also, livestock keepers may report FMD outbreaks direct to the system using feature phones. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze data and Microsoft Visio was used for drawing the system architecture and information flow diagram. Finally, the system was implemented using PHP hypertext processor, JQuery, HTML, JSON, JavaScript, MySQL, and Apache webserver.

Farm Community Impacts of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Outbreaks in Cattle and Buffaloes in Karnataka State, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 849-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Govindaraj ◽  
B. Ganeshkumar ◽  
K. R. Nethrayini ◽  
R. Shalini ◽  
V. Balamurugan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Karnataka State ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Community Impacts ◽  
Farm Community

scholarly journals Clinical and histopathological studies on neurodegeneration and dysautonomia in buffalo calves during foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in Egypt

2021 ◽  
pp. 1622-1630
Author(s):  
Yasmin Bayoumi ◽  
Nader Sobhy ◽  
Abdelkarem Morsi ◽  
Wafaa El-Neshwey ◽  
Nora El-Seddawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Buffalo Calves ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Malignant Group

Background and Aim: Signs of dysautonomia were frequently observed in calves that died during foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus (FMDV) outbreaks in Egypt from 2015 to 2018. This study aimed to describe the clinical and histopathological features of the central nervous system in malignant cases of FMD and excluding possible concurrent bacterial, and bovine herpes virus 4 (BHV4) infections or both. Materials and Methods: In this study, 335 FMDV-infected buffalo calves aged 1-22 months were clinically examined and followed until recovery or death. Of the 335 calves, 134 died (malignant group) and 201 recovered after exhibiting classic symptoms of FMD (recover group). The calves were subjected to clinical examination. For the malignant group, several laboratory trials were conducted to assess the possible cause/s of dysautonomia-related viral, bacterial, or concurrent infections. Koch's postulates and polymerase chain reaction were employed. Postmortem and histopathological examinations of nervous tissue were performed. Results: In the malignant group, signs of dysautonomia were observed before death, including partial or complete gut dysfunction, loss of anal sphincter tone, rapid breathing sounds, fluctuating body temperature, and cardiac arrhythmias. In the malignant group, histopathological examination of the spinal cord, pons, medulla oblongata, hypothalamus, cerebellum, and cerebrum revealed demyelination, neuronal degeneration, and focal areas of malacia and gliosis. The nervous tissue and heart samples from malignant cases were positive for serotype O FMDV. Conclusion: Findings revealed in this study support the existence of neurodegeneration induced by FMDV infection in buffalo calves.

Foot‐and‐mouth disease outbreaks due to an exotic virus serotype A lineage (A/AFRICA/G‐IV) in Algeria in 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Pezzoni ◽  
Arianna Bregoli ◽  
Santina Grazioli ◽  
Ilaria Barbieri ◽  
Hafsa Madani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Foot And Mouth

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal analyses of foot and mouth disease outbreaks in cattle farms in Chiang Mai and Lamphun, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Orapun Arjkumpa ◽  
Chalutwan Sansamur ◽  
Pakdee Sutthipankul ◽  
Chaidate Inchaisri ◽  
Kannika Na Lampang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analyses ◽  
Cattle Farms

scholarly journals Hemato-Biochemical studies on Egyptian Buffaloes and Calves naturally infected with Foot and Mouth Disease Virus serotype SAT 2

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Essam A Mahmoud ◽  
Ahmed N.F Neamat-allah
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Cardiac Markers ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Infected Adult ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease of all cloven footed domestic and wild animals. This work was planned to study the different markers for diagnosis of FMDV serotype Sat2 in adult buffaloes and calves including clinical, hematological and biochemical examinations. A total number of sixty animals were divided into four groups. The first group was apparently healthy adult buffaloes, while the second was naturally infected adult buffaloes, a third group was apparently healthy suckling calves and finally the fourth group was naturally infected suckling calves. The recorded clinical signs were fever, salivation, loss of appetite, depression, lameness, blisters or vesicles, erosions and ulcers in the mucosa of the mouth, tongue, lips, gums, pharynx, palate and between the claws. Anemia, leucopenia, lymphopenia and monocytopenia were recorded in infected adult buffaloes and calves. Myocardial injury proved by presence of degenerated myocardial fibers and lymphocyte cell infiltration with a significant increase in cardiac markers like cardiac torponin I, CPK and LDH in addition to a significant hyperkalemia, hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesemia in buffaloe calves. Moreover, electrophoresis showed hyoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia and hypoglobulinemia in infected animals. It could be concluded that the elevation of cardiac markers emphasized that FMD is more severe in young calves than adult animals. Therefore, it is recommended to evaluate the prognosis of FMD infection in calves by these markers.

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