Farm Community Impacts of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Outbreaks in Cattle and Buffaloes in Karnataka State, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 849-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Govindaraj ◽  
B. Ganeshkumar ◽  
K. R. Nethrayini ◽  
R. Shalini ◽  
V. Balamurugan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Karnataka State ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Community Impacts ◽  
Farm Community

scholarly journals Investigations into Foot and Mouth Disease Outbreak among Small Ruminants in Karnataka State of India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raveendra Hegde ◽  
B.P. Shivashankar ◽  
N. Gautham ◽  
G.R. Praveenkumar ◽  
B. Rajasekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Perivascular Spaces ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Sheep Population ◽  
Goat Population ◽  
Karnataka State ◽  
Foot And Mouth

Background: Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) remains a serious threat to the Indian livestock sector due to significant economic loss associated with it. Systematic vaccination of large ruminants over the years has lead to a gradual reduction in the number of disease outbreaks in India. However exposure to FMDV infection in small ruminants has been recorded during the past few years (Rout et al. 2013). Sheep and goat population have not been vaccinated so far against FMD under the FMD-Control program (FMD-CP). The present study highlighted the outbreak of FMD in small ruminants in Karnataka, India.Methods: During the period 2018-19, seven suspected FMD outbreaks among sheep population in Bellary and Tumakuru districts of Karnataka state were investigated. Tongue epithelium (oral swabs) and foot lesions (n=23) from clinically affected sheep and tissues such as heart, lung, liver, spleen, lymph nodes and kidneys from lambs during post mortem (n=67) were collected. All the samples were processed in the laboratory for the detection of FMD virus antigen by employing Serotype differentiating antigen detection ELISA and by multiplex PCR. Heart tissue samples were also collected in buffered formalin for histopathology study and processed by routine paraffin embedding technique and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H and E). Serum samples from the recovered animals were collected and screened by NSP-ELISA and LPB-ELISA to check the antibody status in the affected herd. Result: A total of seven suspected outbreaks of FMD involving 688 small ruminants was investigated. The outbreak of FMD due to FMDV serotype O was confirmed by ELISA and multiplex PCR assays. Clinically, the affected adult sheep showed typical signs of FMD, while mortality in young lambs was observed without apparent signs of disease. Histologically, heart tissues from FMD affected lambs showed myocardial necrosis with marked aggregations of lymphocytes and neutrophils in the myocardium and perivascular spaces. History of FMD outbreaks in cattle and common grazing land for the livestock, as well as sheep within the reach of these villages, may be the major contributing factors for the outbreaks in sheep populations.

scholarly journals Clinical and histopathological studies on neurodegeneration and dysautonomia in buffalo calves during foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in Egypt

2021 ◽  
pp. 1622-1630
Author(s):  
Yasmin Bayoumi ◽  
Nader Sobhy ◽  
Abdelkarem Morsi ◽  
Wafaa El-Neshwey ◽  
Nora El-Seddawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
Neuronal Degeneration ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Buffalo Calves ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Malignant Group

Background and Aim: Signs of dysautonomia were frequently observed in calves that died during foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus (FMDV) outbreaks in Egypt from 2015 to 2018. This study aimed to describe the clinical and histopathological features of the central nervous system in malignant cases of FMD and excluding possible concurrent bacterial, and bovine herpes virus 4 (BHV4) infections or both. Materials and Methods: In this study, 335 FMDV-infected buffalo calves aged 1-22 months were clinically examined and followed until recovery or death. Of the 335 calves, 134 died (malignant group) and 201 recovered after exhibiting classic symptoms of FMD (recover group). The calves were subjected to clinical examination. For the malignant group, several laboratory trials were conducted to assess the possible cause/s of dysautonomia-related viral, bacterial, or concurrent infections. Koch's postulates and polymerase chain reaction were employed. Postmortem and histopathological examinations of nervous tissue were performed. Results: In the malignant group, signs of dysautonomia were observed before death, including partial or complete gut dysfunction, loss of anal sphincter tone, rapid breathing sounds, fluctuating body temperature, and cardiac arrhythmias. In the malignant group, histopathological examination of the spinal cord, pons, medulla oblongata, hypothalamus, cerebellum, and cerebrum revealed demyelination, neuronal degeneration, and focal areas of malacia and gliosis. The nervous tissue and heart samples from malignant cases were positive for serotype O FMDV. Conclusion: Findings revealed in this study support the existence of neurodegeneration induced by FMDV infection in buffalo calves.

Foot‐and‐mouth disease outbreaks due to an exotic virus serotype A lineage (A/AFRICA/G‐IV) in Algeria in 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Pezzoni ◽  
Arianna Bregoli ◽  
Santina Grazioli ◽  
Ilaria Barbieri ◽  
Hafsa Madani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Foot And Mouth

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal analyses of foot and mouth disease outbreaks in cattle farms in Chiang Mai and Lamphun, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Orapun Arjkumpa ◽  
Chalutwan Sansamur ◽  
Pakdee Sutthipankul ◽  
Chaidate Inchaisri ◽  
Kannika Na Lampang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analyses ◽  
Cattle Farms

Risk factors for foot and mouth disease outbreaks in grazing beef cattle herds

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Elnekave ◽  
L. Zamir ◽  
F. Hamd ◽  
B. Even Tov ◽  
E. Klement
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Cattle Herds

Retrospective genetic analysis of SAT-1 type foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in West Africa (1975–1981)

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oumou Sangare ◽  
Armanda D.S Bastos ◽  
Estelle H Venter ◽  
Wilna Vosloo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Sat 1
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