scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Basic Properties of Full-Steel Slag Aggregate Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Zhu Bian ◽  
Yuan Fang ◽  
Feng Yu ◽  
Xuliang Wang ◽  
Guosheng Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Expansion Rate ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
Neural Network Prediction

In this study, the bit-level table of orthogonal test is adopted as the coding form of Genetic Algorithm (GA), and a Back Propagation (BP) neural network prediction model of the basic properties of full steel slag aggregate concrete (FSSAC) is established, and the experiment data are validated with good agreement. The impacts of several parameters including the sand ratio, water-cement ratio, content of steel slag sand, replacement particle size of steel slag sand, content of coarse steel slag, and replacement particle size of coarse steel slag on the compressive strength and expansion rate of the FSSAC are numerically investigated. The results show that the compressive strength of the FSSAC declines with the increase of the sand ratio, water-cement ratio, content of the steel slag sand, or coarse steel slag while it first increases and then decreases as the replacement particle size of steel slag sand or replacement particle size of coarse steel slag increases. The expansion rate of the FSSAC increases as the sand ratio or content of coarse steel slag increases. With a gradual increase of the water-cement ratio, content of steel slag sand, replacement particle size of steel slag sand, or replacement particle size of coarse steel slag, the expansion rate of the FSSAC first increases and then decreases. In addition, the impacts of the three most important parameters (i.e., water-cement ratio, content of steel slag sand, and replacement particle size of steel slag sand) on the stress-strain relationship of the FSSAC stub columns is further numerically studied.

scholarly journals Influence of Aggregate Gradation on the Engineering Properties of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
How-Ji Chen ◽  
Chung-Hao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Expanded Shale

Expanded shale lightweight aggregates, as the coarse aggregates, were used to produce lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) in this research. At the fixed water-cement ratio, paste quantity, and aggregate volume, the effects of various aggregate gradations on the engineering properties of LWAC were investigated. Comparisons to normal-weight concrete (NWC) made under the same conditions were carried out. From the experimental results, using normal weight aggregates that follow the specification requirements (standard gradation) obtained similar NWC compressive strength to that using uniform-sized aggregates. However, the compressive strength of LWAC made using small uniform-sized aggregates was superior to that made from standard-grade aggregates. This is especially conspicuous under the low water-cement ratio. Even though the workability was affected, this problem could be overcome with developed chemical additive technology. The durability properties of concrete were approximately equal. Therefore, it is suggested that the aggregate gradation requirement of LWAC should be distinct from that of NWC. In high strength LWAC proportioning, following the standard gradation suggested by American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is optional.

Experimental Study on Compressive Strength and Flexural Strength of Combined Aggregate Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 1899-1902
Author(s):  
Yan Kun Zhang ◽  
Yu Cheng Wang ◽  
Xiao Long Wu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Comprehensive Test

In this article, the flexural strength of combined aggregate concrete with four kinds of water-cement ratio (0.3,0.35.0.4, 0.45), and six ceramsite replace rate (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 60%) are studied with comprehensive test method. Experiment shows that the ceramsite replace rate of combined aggregate has greater influence on the flexural strength than the water-cement ratio. The flexural strength increases with the increasing of compressive strength, and the formula of the flexural strength and compressive strength of combined aggregate concrete is given.

Experiment Study on the Compressive Strength of Combined Aggregate Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
pp. 406-409
Author(s):  
Hua Cheng Nie ◽  
Yan Kun Zhang ◽  
Biao Zhang ◽  
Shao Jie Shen ◽  
Jiang Xing Fan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Experiment Study ◽  
Replacement Ratio ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Main Factor

Base on the experiment, the cube compressive strength of the combined aggregate concrete is studied in the paper. The results show that the strength of combined aggregate concrete increases with the decreasing amounts of lightweight aggregate, and the water-cement ratio and the replacement ratio of lightweight aggregate are the main factor on the strength of combined concrete. According to the experiment results, the formula of the compressive strength of combined concrete is given.

scholarly journals Long Term Compression Strength of Mortars Produced Using Coarse Steel Slag as Aggregate

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Furlani ◽  
Stefano Maschio
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Alkali Silica Reaction ◽  
Steelmaking Slag ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Long Time

The paper reports on some experimental results obtained from the production of mortars prepared using a commercial cement, coarse steelmaking slag, superplasticizer, and water. The behaviour of this reference composition was compared to that of some others containing further additives in order to investigate materials compressive strength after long time ageing. It has been demonstrated that an optimized water/cement ratio coupled with slag particles of size lower than 2.5 mm and proper protocol of preparation leads to the production of materials with good mechanical properties after 28, 90, and 180 days of ageing. The resulting materials therefore appeared as good candidates for civil engineering applications. However, the present research also demonstrates that the mortar samples of all of the compositions prepared suffer from decay and compressive strength decrease after long time ageing in water. In the present paper the results are explained taking account of materials residual porosity and alkali silica reaction which occurs in the samples.

Effect of nanocomposite slurry on strength development of fully recycled aggregate concrete

2021 ◽  
pp. 136943322199248
Author(s):  
Tao Meng ◽  
Song-lin Yu ◽  
Huadong Wei ◽  
Sheng Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Recycled Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Natural Aggregate ◽  
Enhancement Method

Recycled concrete has been widely used in construction because of the gradual shortage of natural aggregate resources and the large amount of construction waste. In this study, concrete with 100% recycled aggregate was prepared, and its properties, microtopography, and potential enhancement method were investigated. The results indicated that the mechanical properties of the fully recycled aggregate concrete (FRC) were significantly inferior to the natural aggregate concrete. The compressive strength of the FRC with a water-cement ratio of 0.6 was noticeably improved by spraying a nanocomposite slurry on recycled aggregate, whereas this had little influence when the water-cement ratio was 0.3. The compressive strength of the FRC with a water-cement ratio of 0.3 could be improved by mixing with strengthening materials. The best improvement in the compressive strength of the concrete was observed at 28 days because a membrane covered the surface of the aggregate, creating a bond between the aggregate and cement, filling the pores between them, and compacting the concrete. This paper reports a prospective method for improving the properties of FRC, which will promote the application of recycled aggregate in industry.

scholarly journals The Study of Flowability and The Compressive Strength of Grout/Mortar Proportions for Pre- placed Concrete Aggregate (PAC)

2019 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 04010
Author(s):  
Nursiah Chairunnisa ◽  
Arie Febry Fardheny
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Concrete Aggregate ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Chemical Admixtures ◽  
Test Result

This experimental study is focused on the performance of appropriate grout/mortar for pre-placed aggregate concrete (PAC) incorporating superplasticizer in the mortar mixture regarding the flowability and strength of grout or mortar. Twenty-one samples of specimens were prepared. The parameter tests consist of water-cement ratios, cement sand ratios and variation dosages of superplasticizer. To examine the flowability/fluidity of grout or mortar, the flow cone test was applied. The flow cone test result indicated that there were three proportional grout that can meet the requirement for fluidity according to ASTM C-939. The compressive strength of specimens was tested. It was concluded that the composition of grout with containing the percentage of 0.7% by weight of cement of superplasticizer as chemical admixtures at a water-cement ratio of 0.6 and a cement-sand ratio of 0.5 is the proper composition of grout for pre-placed aggregate concrete (PAC).

Exploration on Feasibility of Preparing Cement Clinker with Artificial Aggregate Concrete

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 906-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Bang Wang ◽  
Zong Hui Zhou ◽  
Dong Yu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Concrete Aggregates ◽  
Ordinary Concrete ◽  
Furnace Slag

Combining with the utilization of waste, an new idea of using the waste to prepare high-strength artificial aggregates was put forward in this paper. The concrete was also prepared by using these aggregates. The demolished concrete could be recovered and used as cement raw meal to produce new cement clinker. In this study, the feasibility of making cement clinker with this kind of demolished concrete was studied. The concrete aggregates composed of steel slag, blast furnace slag, coal gangue and fly ash were prepared. The concrete was prepared using these aggregates with the water-cement ratio of 0.45, 0.50 and 0.55 respectively. The compressive strength of the concrete in 28 days is 52.8MPa, 46.4.2MPa and 42.6MPa, respectively, higher than that of ordinary concrete. In accordance with the ratio of cement raw meal, the cement clinker is produced by adding appropriate limestone, clay and other correction materials. After hydrated for 3 days, 7 days and 28 days, the cement paste compressive strength is 47.1 MPa, 59.8 MPa, 75.6 MPa, respectively, which reach the requirements of ordinary 42.5 Portland cement.

Research on the Strength of High-Strength Steel Slag Concrete with Skeleton Coarse Aggregate Gradation

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 1918-1922
Author(s):  
Yi Zhou Zhuang ◽  
Er Bu Tian ◽  
Yue Zong Lian
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio

Generally the high density in high-strength concrete results in high strength, and so people often mix superplasticizer and particulate to increase the density of concrete, but ignoring the effect of coarse aggregate gradation on concrete strength. Referring to several Gradation Theories, this paper selects the coarse aggregate gradation with skeleton, uses uniform design method to test the compressive strength of high-strength concrete, and analyses the test results. It can be known from the test results of 7d and 28d concrete specimen that the concrete strength decreases linearly with water-cement ratio and sand ratio; The 7d’s concrete strength has higher variability due to low water-cement ratio with superplasticizer; The coarse aggregate skeleton is interfered by the increase of steel slag and sand rate, and the concrete strength decreases with limited cement paste. Furthermore, the steel slag with less than 30% addition has little effect on concrete strength and it can increase the cement’s possibility of contacting to water, and reduce the amount of cement without lowering the concrete strength. The influential degree on the compressive strength of concrete is followed by ascending sequence of steel slag content, sand ratio and water-cement.

scholarly journals Fluidity Influencing Factors Analysis and Ratio Optimization of New Sealing Materials Based on Response Surface Method

Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Xin Guo ◽  
Sheng Xue ◽  
Yaobin Li ◽  
Chunshan Zheng ◽  
Gege Yang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Expansion Rate ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Gas Drainage ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Sealing Material ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sealing Materials

The borehole sealing material is one of the key factors affecting the gas drainage effect of a borehole. This paper takes the compressive strength, fluidity, expansion rate, and setting time of the sealing material as the main research indicators and explores the influence of each key influencing factor on the performance of the high-fluid sealing material through the single factor experiment method. Using the Design-Expert 8.0.5 Trial software designed orthogonal experiments and establishing a quadratic model between liquidity and each test factor, which showed the impact of each key factor on the fluidity. Finally, by adjusting the amount of admixtures, the optimal ratio of high-fluidity borehole sealing materials was obtained. The results showed that the key factors had the following order of significance: water – cement   reducing   agent > water – cement   ratio > retarder > expansion   agent . With the water-cement ratio and the amount of water reducing agent increase, the fluidity of the material will increase; and with the increase of the retarder and expansion agent, the fluidity will decrease. In actual use, the fluidity is the main factor, but the expansion rate, compressive strength, and setting time are also considered. The optimal percentages were found for the high-fluidity borehole sealing material: a water-cement ratio of 1, along with 0.03% retarder, 0.5% water reducer, and 8% expansion agent. These research results could provide a reference for improving the performance of gas drainage borehole sealing materials and enhancing the effect of gas drainage.

scholarly journals Use of Nondestructive Testing of Ultrasound and Artificial Neural Networks to Estimate Compressive Strength of Concrete

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Fernando A. N. Silva ◽  
João M. P. Q. Delgado ◽  
Rosely S. Cavalcanti ◽  
António C. Azevedo ◽  
Ana S. Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Artificial Neural

The work presents the results of an experimental campaign carried out on concrete elements in order to investigate the potential of using artificial neural networks (ANNs) to estimate the compressive strength based on relevant parameters, such as the water–cement ratio, aggregate–cement ratio, age of testing, and percentage cement/metakaolin ratios (5% and 10%). We prepared 162 cylindrical concrete specimens with dimensions of 10 cm in diameter and 20 cm in height and 27 prismatic specimens with cross sections measuring 25 and 50 cm in length, with 9 different concrete mixture proportions. A longitudinal transducer with a frequency of 54 kHz was used to measure the ultrasonic velocities. An ANN model was developed, different ANN configurations were tested and compared to identify the best ANN model. Using this model, it was possible to assess the contribution of each input variable to the compressive strength of the tested concretes. The results indicate an excellent performance of the ANN model developed to predict compressive strength from the input parameters studied, with an average error less than 5%. Together, the water–cement ratio and the percentage of metakaolin were shown to be the most influential factors for the compressive strength value predicted by the developed ANN model.

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