scholarly journals Exosome-Derived Noncoding RNAs as a Promising Treatment of Bone Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bei Yin ◽  
Qingge Ma ◽  
Chenghao Song ◽  
Lingyi Zhao ◽  
Fanyuan Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Paracrine Factors ◽  
Bioactive Materials ◽  
Allogenic Bone ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
Large Bone ◽  
Great Focus ◽  
Large Bone Defects

The reconstruction of large bone defects remains a crucial challenge in orthopedic surgery. The current treatments including autologous and allogenic bone grafting and bioactive materials have their respective drawbacks. While mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy may address these limitations, growing researches have demonstrated that the effectiveness of MSC therapy depends on paracrine factors, particularly exosomes. This aroused great focus on the exosome-based cell-free therapy in the treatment of bone defects. Exosomes can transfer various cargoes, and noncoding RNAs are the most widely studied cargo through which exosomes exert their ability of osteoinduction. Here, we review the research status of the exosome-derived noncoding RNAs in bone regeneration, the potential application of exosomes, and the existing challenges.

scholarly journals Treatment possibilities of jaws bone defects: A case report

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Nenad Tanaskovic ◽  
Sinisa Ristic ◽  
Miroslav Lucic
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Bone Augmentation ◽  
Surrounding Soft Tissue ◽  
Prosthetic Reconstruction ◽  
Previous Trauma ◽  
Large Bone ◽  
Large Bone Defects

Large bone defects in the jaws can occur as a result of previous trauma, tumor or bone destruction caused by infection. Significant loss of bone volume also may be caused by premature loss of teeth, application of inadequate extraction technique, periodontitis or trauma caused by incorrect prosthetic reconstruction. Very few of these defects are treated using materials for bone augmentation or regeneration in order to preserve the total volume of bone. Depending on the size of a defect, spontaneous bone regeneration of untreated defects is limited by proliferation of surrounding soft tissue. Bone replacement by connective tissue leads to loss of stability, reduces function and disturbs anatomical form of the jaws. The aim of the study was to present a case from clinical praxis which demonstrates bone regeneration provided by bone substitute or its combination with bone grafts.

Strontium-calcium phosphate hybrid cement with enhanced osteogenic and angiogenic properties for vascularised bone regeneration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiexing Wu ◽  
Ziniu Tang ◽  
Kang Wu ◽  
Yanjie Bai ◽  
X. LIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Large Bone ◽  
Large Bone Defects ◽  
Vascularized Bone

Vascularized bone tissue engineering is regarded as one of the optimal treatment options for large bone defects. The lack of angiogenic property and unsatisfactory physicochemical performance restricts calcium phosphate cement...

scholarly journals In vitroandin vivocharacterization of strontium-containing calcium sulfate/poly(amino acid) composite as a novel bioactive graft for bone regeneration

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (86) ◽  
pp. 54306-54312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Jun ◽  
Wang Peng ◽  
Jiang Dianming ◽  
Li Hong ◽  
Luo Cong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Large Bone ◽  
Large Bone Defects

Doped strontium enhanced the biological activity of CS/PAA composites for repairing large bone defects.

3D-printed magnetic Fe3O4/MBG/PCL composite scaffolds with multifunctionality of bone regeneration, local anticancer drug delivery and hyperthermia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (43) ◽  
pp. 7583-7595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Zhang ◽  
Shichang Zhao ◽  
Min Zhu ◽  
Yufang Zhu ◽  
Yadong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Large Bone ◽  
Large Bone Defects ◽  
Magnetic Fe3o4

The 3D-printed Fe3O4/MBG/PCL scaffolds with potential multifunctionality would be promising for use in the treatment and regeneration of large bone defects after tumor resection.

scholarly journals Implantable electrical stimulation bioreactor with liquid crystal polymer based electrodes for enhanced bone regeneration at mandibular large defects in rabbit

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaebin Kim ◽  
Hoon Joo Yang ◽  
Tae Hyung Cho ◽  
Beom Seok Lee ◽  
Tae Mok Gwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sham Control ◽  
Crystal Polymer ◽  
Sham Control Group ◽  
Large Bone ◽  
Large Bone Defects

AbstractThe osseous regeneration of large bone defects is still a major clinical challenge in maxillofacial and orthopedic surgery. Our previous studies demonstrated that electrical stimulation (ES) with biphasic current pulse showed proliferative effects on bone cells and enhanced secretion of bone-forming growth factors. This study presents an implantable electrical stimulation bioreactor with electrodes based on liquid crystal polymer (LCP), which has excellent bone-binding property. The bioreactor was implanted into a critical sized bone defect and subjected to ES for one week, where bone regeneration was evaluated four weeks after surgery using micro-CT. The effect of ES via bioreactor was compared with a sham control group and positive control group that received recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2 (20 μg). New bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV) in the ES and rhBMP-2 groups increased to 171% (p< 0.001) and 210% (p < 0.001), respectively, compared to that in the sham control group. In the histological evaluation, there was no inflammation within bone defects and adjacent to LCP in all groups. This study showed that the ES bioreactor with LCP electrodes could enhance bone regeneration at large bone defects, where LCP can act as a mechanically resistant outer box without inflammation.

Bone Regeneration with β-TCP/PLGC Membranes

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 258-262
Author(s):  
Yoshihisa Koyama ◽  
Masanori Kikuchi ◽  
Shigeo Tanaka ◽  
M. Tanaka ◽  
Kazuo Takakuda
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Guided Bone Regeneration ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Common Clinical Practice ◽  
Large Bone ◽  
Sufficient Strength ◽  
Large Bone Defects

In the treatment based on Guided Bone Regeneration method (GBR), membranes are necessary to cover bone defects and prevent the invasion of surrounding soft tissues. In spite of the potential usefulness of GBR method, no appropriate materials for the membrane have been developed and this method is not utilized frequently in common clinical practice. Here we developed materials such as a composite of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and copolymer of L-lactide, glycolide and ε-caplolactone (PLGC), and designed the novel GBR membranes with ideal mechanical properties. The materials had good biocompatibility, and the membrane had sufficient strength although their thickness was as thin as 200 μm. The membranes were applied to large bone defects created in canine mandibular bones, and significant enhancement in bone regeneration was demonstrated.

scholarly journals Clinical Applications of Cell-Scaffold Constructs for Bone Regeneration Therapy

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2687
Author(s):  
Venkata Suresh Venkataiah ◽  
Yoshio Yahata ◽  
Akira Kitagawa ◽  
Masahiko Inagaki ◽  
Yusuke Kakiuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Large Bone ◽  
Large Bone Defects

Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a process of combining live osteoblast progenitors with a biocompatible scaffold to produce a biological substitute that can integrate into host bone tissue and recover its function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most researched post-natal stem cells because they have self-renewal properties and a multi-differentiation capacity that can give rise to various cell lineages, including osteoblasts. BTE technology utilizes a combination of MSCs and biodegradable scaffold material, which provides a suitable environment for functional bone recovery and has been developed as a therapeutic approach to bone regeneration. Although prior clinical trials of BTE approaches have shown promising results, the regeneration of large bone defects is still an unmet medical need in patients that have suffered a significant loss of bone function. In this present review, we discuss the osteogenic potential of MSCs in bone tissue engineering and propose the use of immature osteoblasts, which can differentiate into osteoblasts upon transplantation, as an alternative cell source for regeneration in large bone defects.

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