scholarly journals A Spatiotemporal Change Detection Analysis of Coastline Data in Qingdao, East China

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yasir ◽  
Sheng Hui ◽  
Zheng Hongxia ◽  
Md Sakaouth Hossain ◽  
Hong Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Jiaozhou Bay ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Temporal Heterogeneity ◽  
Coastal Evolution ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
Coastal Features ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

This study focuses on the coastal features, environments, and dynamics to accurately describe and regularly monitor the Qingdao shoreline in eastern China. It collects categorical ETM+ and OLI data from 2000, 2010, and 2019 on the mainland coastline and explores the characteristics and spatiotemporal differences across the past 19 years by using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technologies. The results show that the length of the Qingdao coastline has increased continuously over the last two decades, for a total increase of 18.14 km. There are different natural and artificial coastlines that have undergone major changes. The human-induced deterioration of coastlines has gradually and substantially risen from 53.63% in 2000 to 68.40% in 2019, while the length of the natural coastlines has decreased dramatically. Jiaozhou Bay focuses on areas with significantly changing coastlines, and major changes have occurred in the west and east of the Qingdao coast. The coastline has largely expanded seaward because of the comprehensive impact of natural and anthropogenic factors. The leading factor in coastal evolution is coastal engineering constructions. In addition, the top three other construction activities are the restoration of the aquaculture pond, salt field, and harbor edifices. The driving force that triggered the shift in the coastline reveals significant temporal heterogeneity.

scholarly journals Contrasting Trends of Forest Coverage between the Inland and Coastal Urban Groups of China over the Past Decades

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingsong Zhu ◽  
Jiaxin Jin ◽  
Pengxiang Wang ◽  
Yingying Ji ◽  
Yuanyuan Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Fast Process ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Forest Coverage ◽  
Forest Cover Changes ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

China is building forest urban groups through reforestation and afforestation. However, the fast process of urbanization inevitably conflicts with multiple vegetated areas around cities. Hence, it is critical to evaluate the changes in regional vegetation cover and its spatial pattern due to complex natural and anthropogenic factors. Nevertheless, systematic studies to quantify and compare the development of forest urban agglomerations were rarely reported. Based on a remote sensing landcover dataset from 1992 to 2015, this study investigated forest cover changes and the impacts on landscape pattern in several urban groups, and tried to explore their differences between the inland and coastal regions of China. The results showed that over the past 24 years, the forest coverage in the coastal urban agglomerations declined (103 km2/year) while it increased (26 km2/year) in the inland urban agglomerations. There was a certain conflict between forest and cropland for the coastal urban agglomerations where the forest area converted to cropland accounted for 61.9% of the total forest loss. The increase in forests coverage in inland urban agglomerations mainly came from grassland which nearly accounted for 66.47% of the total increase. The landscape diversity has also changed in areas where forests have changed significantly (e.g., Shanghai, Changzhi, and Jincheng).

Numerical modeling of the natural and anthropogenic factors influence on the past and future changes in polar, mid-latitude and tropical ozone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Smyshlyaev ◽  
Polina Blakitnaya ◽  
Maxim Motsakov ◽  
Vener Galin
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ozone Depleting Substances ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

<p>The INM RAS – RSHU chemistry-climate model of the lower and middle atmosphere is used to compare the role of natural and anthropogenic factors in the observed and expected variability of stratospheric ozone. Numerical experiments have been carried out on several scenarios of separate and combined effects of solar activity, stratospheric aerosol, sea surface temperature, greenhouse gases, and ozone-depleting substances emissions on ozone for the period from 1979 to 2050. Simulations for the past and present periods are compared to the results of ground-based and satellite observations, as well as MERRA and ERA-Interim re-analysis. Estimation of future ozone changes are based on different scenarios of changes in solar activity and emissions of ozone-depleting substances and greenhouse gases, as well as the possibility of large volcanic aerosol emissions at different periods of time.</p>

THE MODERN CHANGES OF THE HIGH-MOUNTAIN GEOSYSTEMS (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE AKSAI-CHATYR-KUL DEPRESSION AND THE ATBASHY RANGE)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhumalieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
The Past ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Pasture Area ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

Changes of geosystems in the southern part of the Inner Tien Shan under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors over the past few decades were studied. A general tendency of the reduction of pasture area by 12-19% was observed, caused by changes in the regional nature management regime, but the influence of the climatic factors is insignificant.

scholarly journals Renewable using of natural resources

2015 ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fedir Kiptach
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Village Council ◽  
The Village ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

The primacy of public understanding of ecological paradigm of development was revealed. The concept and essence of renewable using of natural resources and the main principles of management of land resources were illustrated. Two landscapes were singled out based on materials of soil studies of the territory of the village council Zalissya in Starosinyavskiy district, Khmelnytskyi region. Among them: a) much-dissected upland of a forest-steppe with black soils, humus, typical and ashed, with fragments of grey forest soils, in the past with hornbeam-oak forests and herb-grass steppe, now largely ploughed; b) mediumdissected upland of a forest-steppe with black soils, low content of humus, typical, deep, in the past with oak forests and herb-grass steppe, now largely ploughed. Fraction of soils covered flatness and linear erosion was calculated. Natural and anthropogenic factors promoting the active development of erosion in this region were identified. Norms of favourable correlation of lands for two forest-steppe landscapes within the territory of land use of the village council Zalissya with the purpose of protecting the soils from erosion and improvement of the land state were grounded. Key words: renewable using of natural resources, land resources, landscapes systems, lands.

scholarly journals Monitoring Changes in the Transparency of the Largest Reservoir in Eastern China in the Past Decade, 2013–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2570
Author(s):  
Teng Li ◽  
Bozhong Zhu ◽  
Fei Cao ◽  
Hao Sun ◽  
Xianqiang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Boreal Summer ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
The Past ◽  
Remote Sensing Reflectance

Based on characteristics analysis about remote sensing reflectance, the Secchi Disk Depth (SDD) in the Qiandao Lake was predicted from the Landsat8/OLI data, and its changing rates on a pixel-by-pixel scale were obtained from satellite remote sensing for the first time. Using 114 matchups data pairs during 2013–2019, the SDD satellite algorithms suitable for the Qiandao Lake were obtained through both the linear regression and machine learning (Support Vector Machine) methods, with remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) at different OLI bands and the ratio of Rrs (Band3) to Rrs (Band2) as model input parameters. Compared with field observations, the mean absolute relative difference and root mean squared error of satellite-derived SDD were within 20% and 1.3 m, respectively. Satellite-derived results revealed that SDD in the Qiandao Lake was high in boreal spring and winter, and reached the lowest in boreal summer, with the annual mean value of about 5 m. Spatially, high SDD was mainly concentrated in the southeast lake area (up to 13 m) close to the dam. The edge and runoff area of the lake were less transparent, with an SDD of less than 4 m. In the past decade (2013–2020), 5.32% of Qiandao Lake witnessed significant (p < 0.05) transparency change: 4.42% raised with a rate of about 0.11 m/year and 0.9% varied with a rate of about −0.09 m/year. Besides, the findings presented here suggested that heavy rainfall would have a continuous impact on the Qiandao Lake SDD. Our research could promote the applications of land observation satellites (such as the Landsat series) in water environment monitoring in inland reservoirs.

scholarly journals Ozone formation under low solar radiation in eastern China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuexi Tie ◽  
Xin Long ◽  
Guohui Li ◽  
Shuyu Zhao ◽  
Jianming Xu
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
The Past ◽  
Photochemical Production ◽  
Steady State Model

Abstract. PM2.5, a particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less, is one of the major components of the air pollution in eastern China. In the past few years, China's government made strong efforts to reduce the PM2.5 pollutions. However, another important pollutant (ozone) becomes an important problem in eastern China. Ozone (O3) is produced by photochemistry, which requires solar radiation for the formation of O3. Under heavy PM2.5 pollution, the solar radiation is often depressed, and the photochemical production of O3 is prohibited. This study shows that during fall in eastern China, under heavy PM2.5 pollutions, there were often strong O3 photochemical productions, causing a co-occurrence of high PM2.5 and O3 concentrations. This co-occurrence of high PM2.5 and O3 is un-usual and is the main focus of this study. Recent measurements show that there were often high HONO surface concentrations in major Chinese mega cities, especially during daytime, with maximum concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 2 ppbv. It is also interesting to note that the high HONO concentrations were occurred during high aerosol concentration periods, suggesting that there were additional HONO surface sources in eastern China. Under the high daytime HONO concentrations, HONO can be photo-dissociated to be OH radicals, which enhance the photochemical production of O3. In order to study the above scientific issues, a radiative transfer model (TUV; Tropospheric Ultraviolet-Visible) is used in this study, and a chemical steady state model is established to calculate OH radical concentrations. The calculations show that by including the OH production of the photo-dissociated of HONO, the calculated OH concentrations are significantly higher than the values without including this production. For example, by including HONO production, the maximum of OH concentration under the high aerosol condition (AOD = 2.5) is similar to the value under low aerosol condition (AOD = 0.25) in the no-HONO case. This result suggests that even under the high aerosol condition, the chemical oxidizing process for O3 production can occurred, which explain the co-occurrence of high PM2.5 and high O3 in fall season in eastern China. However, the O3 concentrations were not significantly affected by the appearance of HONO in winter. This study shows that the seasonal variation of solar radiation plays important roles for controlling the OH production in winter. When the solar radiation is in a very low level in winter, it reaches the threshold level to prevent the OH chemical production, even by including the HONO production of OH. This study provides some important scientific highlights to better understand the O3 pollutions in eastern China.

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