scholarly journals Contrasting Trends of Forest Coverage between the Inland and Coastal Urban Groups of China over the Past Decades

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingsong Zhu ◽  
Jiaxin Jin ◽  
Pengxiang Wang ◽  
Yingying Ji ◽  
Yuanyuan Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Fast Process ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Forest Coverage ◽  
Forest Cover Changes ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

China is building forest urban groups through reforestation and afforestation. However, the fast process of urbanization inevitably conflicts with multiple vegetated areas around cities. Hence, it is critical to evaluate the changes in regional vegetation cover and its spatial pattern due to complex natural and anthropogenic factors. Nevertheless, systematic studies to quantify and compare the development of forest urban agglomerations were rarely reported. Based on a remote sensing landcover dataset from 1992 to 2015, this study investigated forest cover changes and the impacts on landscape pattern in several urban groups, and tried to explore their differences between the inland and coastal regions of China. The results showed that over the past 24 years, the forest coverage in the coastal urban agglomerations declined (103 km2/year) while it increased (26 km2/year) in the inland urban agglomerations. There was a certain conflict between forest and cropland for the coastal urban agglomerations where the forest area converted to cropland accounted for 61.9% of the total forest loss. The increase in forests coverage in inland urban agglomerations mainly came from grassland which nearly accounted for 66.47% of the total increase. The landscape diversity has also changed in areas where forests have changed significantly (e.g., Shanghai, Changzhi, and Jincheng).

scholarly journals Multi-Decadal Forest-Cover Dynamics in the Tropical Realm: Past Trends and Policy Insights for Forest Conservation in Dry Zone of Sri Lanka

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 836
Author(s):  
Manjula Ranagalage ◽  
M. H. J. P. Gunarathna ◽  
Thilina D. Surasinghe ◽  
Dmslb Dissanayake ◽  
Matamyo Simwanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Dry Zone ◽  
Forest Cover Changes ◽  
Different Parts

Forest-cover change has become an important topic in global biodiversity conservation in recent decades because of the high rates of forest loss in different parts of the world, especially in the tropical region. While human interventions are the major cause, natural disasters also contribute to forest cover changes. During the past decades, several studies have been conducted to address different aspects of forest cover changes (e.g., drivers of deforestation, degradation, interventions) in different parts of the world. In Sri Lanka, increasing rates of forest loss have been recorded during the last 100 years on a regional basis, especially in the dry zone. However, Sri Lanka needs detailed studies that employ contemporary data and robust analytical tools to understand the patterns of forest cover changes and their drivers. The dry zone of Sri Lanka encompasses 59% of the total land area of the country, ergo, the most extensive forest cover. Our study analyzed forest cover dynamics and its drivers between 1992 and 2019. Our specific objectives included (i) producing a forest cover map for 2019, (ii) analyzing the spatiotemporal patterns of forest cover changes from 1992 to 2019, and (iii) determining the main driving forces. Landsat 8 images were used to develop forest-cover maps for 2019, and the rest of the forest cover maps (1992, 1999, and 2010) were obtained from the Forest Department of Sri Lanka. In this study, we found that the dry zone had undergone rapid forest loss (246,958.4 ha) during the past 27 years, which accounts for 8.0% of the net forest cover changes. From 2010 to 2019, the rates of forest loss were high, and this can be associated with the rapid infrastructure development of the country. The findings of this study can be used as a proxy to reform current forest policies and enhance the forest sustainability of the study area.

Numerical modeling of the natural and anthropogenic factors influence on the past and future changes in polar, mid-latitude and tropical ozone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Smyshlyaev ◽  
Polina Blakitnaya ◽  
Maxim Motsakov ◽  
Vener Galin
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ozone Depleting Substances ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

<p>The INM RAS – RSHU chemistry-climate model of the lower and middle atmosphere is used to compare the role of natural and anthropogenic factors in the observed and expected variability of stratospheric ozone. Numerical experiments have been carried out on several scenarios of separate and combined effects of solar activity, stratospheric aerosol, sea surface temperature, greenhouse gases, and ozone-depleting substances emissions on ozone for the period from 1979 to 2050. Simulations for the past and present periods are compared to the results of ground-based and satellite observations, as well as MERRA and ERA-Interim re-analysis. Estimation of future ozone changes are based on different scenarios of changes in solar activity and emissions of ozone-depleting substances and greenhouse gases, as well as the possibility of large volcanic aerosol emissions at different periods of time.</p>

scholarly journals Mapping Forest Cover Changes using Sentinel-2A Imagery in the Municipality of Zubin Potok, Republic of Kosovo

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-119
Author(s):  
Ferat Krasniqi ◽  
Géza Király
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Covered Area ◽  
Forest Coverage ◽  
Forest Cover Changes ◽  
Sentinel 2A ◽  
Forest Plans ◽  
Band Combinations

This research aimed to investigate the changes in forest cover, utilizing Sentinel-2A imagery data. Annual results of deforestation, non-forest, and forest area in the Municipality of Zubin Potok (Kosovo) between 2016 and 2017 were presented and analyzed by applying the image difference change detection method on a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) product derived for both years. The study reveals that forest coverage in this municipality has changed due to human activity (harvested and burnt forests). The footprint of changes was evidenced by using Sentinel 2A band combinations and very high resolution (VHR) images available in Google Earth (GE). From the overall forest-covered area of 24,873.61 hectares, the detected changes during the annual period are as follows: 24,423.57 ha or 98.19 % is mapped as forest, 113.75 hectares or 0.46 % as non-forest, and 336.77 or 1.35 % of the area forest is mapped as deforestation. These results can be used to identify human-made deforestation and to develop monitoring forest plans for the coming years.

scholarly journals Long-term (1990–2019) monitoring of forest cover changes in the humid tropics

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. eabe1603
Author(s):  
C. Vancutsem ◽  
F. Achard ◽  
J.-F. Pekel ◽  
G. Vieilledent ◽  
S. Carboni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Forest Disturbances ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Moist Forest ◽  
Forest Cover Changes ◽  
Global Carbon

Accurate characterization of tropical moist forest changes is needed to support conservation policies and to quantify their contribution to global carbon fluxes more effectively. We document, at pantropical scale, the extent and changes (degradation, deforestation, and recovery) of these forests over the past three decades. We estimate that 17% of tropical moist forests have disappeared since 1990 with a remaining area of 1071 million hectares in 2019, from which 10% are degraded. Our study underlines the importance of the degradation process in these ecosystems, in particular, as a precursor of deforestation, and in the recent increase in tropical moist forest disturbances (natural and anthropogenic degradation or deforestation). Without a reduction of the present disturbance rates, undisturbed forests will disappear entirely in large tropical humid regions by 2050. Our study suggests that reinforcing actions are needed to prevent the initial degradation that leads to forest clearance in 45% of the cases.

THE MODERN CHANGES OF THE HIGH-MOUNTAIN GEOSYSTEMS (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE AKSAI-CHATYR-KUL DEPRESSION AND THE ATBASHY RANGE)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhumalieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
The Past ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Pasture Area ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

Changes of geosystems in the southern part of the Inner Tien Shan under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors over the past few decades were studied. A general tendency of the reduction of pasture area by 12-19% was observed, caused by changes in the regional nature management regime, but the influence of the climatic factors is insignificant.

scholarly journals A Spatiotemporal Change Detection Analysis of Coastline Data in Qingdao, East China

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yasir ◽  
Sheng Hui ◽  
Zheng Hongxia ◽  
Md Sakaouth Hossain ◽  
Hong Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Jiaozhou Bay ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Temporal Heterogeneity ◽  
Coastal Evolution ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
Coastal Features ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

This study focuses on the coastal features, environments, and dynamics to accurately describe and regularly monitor the Qingdao shoreline in eastern China. It collects categorical ETM+ and OLI data from 2000, 2010, and 2019 on the mainland coastline and explores the characteristics and spatiotemporal differences across the past 19 years by using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technologies. The results show that the length of the Qingdao coastline has increased continuously over the last two decades, for a total increase of 18.14 km. There are different natural and artificial coastlines that have undergone major changes. The human-induced deterioration of coastlines has gradually and substantially risen from 53.63% in 2000 to 68.40% in 2019, while the length of the natural coastlines has decreased dramatically. Jiaozhou Bay focuses on areas with significantly changing coastlines, and major changes have occurred in the west and east of the Qingdao coast. The coastline has largely expanded seaward because of the comprehensive impact of natural and anthropogenic factors. The leading factor in coastal evolution is coastal engineering constructions. In addition, the top three other construction activities are the restoration of the aquaculture pond, salt field, and harbor edifices. The driving force that triggered the shift in the coastline reveals significant temporal heterogeneity.

The contribution of fire to a global increase in forest loss

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave van Wees ◽  
Guido van der Werf
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Human Influence ◽  
Developing Regions ◽  
Shifting Agriculture ◽  
Active Fire ◽  
Global Increase ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

<p>Fire is one of the main drivers of forest loss worldwide and its role varies depending on natural and anthropogenic drivers, ranging from large boreal wildfires to smallholder shifting agriculture. The emergence of higher resolution satellite data creates new opportunities for studying the spatial and temporal relatedness of fires and forest loss. We have quantified this relatedness by overlapping global forest loss for 2001-2018 with fire detections from burned area and active fire satellite products at 500 m resolution. Previous studies have shown that global burned area is decreasing, mostly caused by increased human influence in savanna ecosystems. However, the opposite is true for forests: our study of trends and variability shows that forest loss has increased substantially over the last two decades in many parts of the world and that its dynamics are strongly linked to fire. Striking increases in forest loss were found for rapidly developing regions such as Africa and Southeast Asia, where commodity-driven deforestation and shifting agriculture have led to increased land clearing, often with the use of fire. Besides, stand-replacing wildfire activity has increased in boreal, temperate and tropical forests. The increase in fire activity in forests and decrease in savannas shows that the global balance is shifting because of both natural and anthropogenic factors, with important consequences for the future carbon cycle.</p>

scholarly journals Renewable using of natural resources

2015 ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fedir Kiptach
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Village Council ◽  
The Village ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

The primacy of public understanding of ecological paradigm of development was revealed. The concept and essence of renewable using of natural resources and the main principles of management of land resources were illustrated. Two landscapes were singled out based on materials of soil studies of the territory of the village council Zalissya in Starosinyavskiy district, Khmelnytskyi region. Among them: a) much-dissected upland of a forest-steppe with black soils, humus, typical and ashed, with fragments of grey forest soils, in the past with hornbeam-oak forests and herb-grass steppe, now largely ploughed; b) mediumdissected upland of a forest-steppe with black soils, low content of humus, typical, deep, in the past with oak forests and herb-grass steppe, now largely ploughed. Fraction of soils covered flatness and linear erosion was calculated. Natural and anthropogenic factors promoting the active development of erosion in this region were identified. Norms of favourable correlation of lands for two forest-steppe landscapes within the territory of land use of the village council Zalissya with the purpose of protecting the soils from erosion and improvement of the land state were grounded. Key words: renewable using of natural resources, land resources, landscapes systems, lands.

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