scholarly journals The Protective Effect of Ethyl Acetate and n-Butanol Fractions of Wine-Steamed Ligustri Lucidi Fructus on Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ruqiao Luan ◽  
Linlin Sun ◽  
Xuelan Zhang ◽  
Pan Zhao ◽  
Qiao Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Oxidation Stress ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Ligustri Lucidi Fructus (LLF), the dry and ripe fruit of Ligustrum lucidum W. T. Aiton (Oleaceae), is a traditional Chinese medicine for nourishing the liver and kidney in clinics for thousands of years. Wine-steamed Ligustri Lucidi Fructus (WLL) can alleviate coolness and smoothness of LLF and enhance the function of nourishing the liver and kidney, so ancient and modern medicine usually used it in clinics. First of all, we prepared the extracts of different polar fractions of WLL to explore the effective fractions and potential mechanisms of WLL in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Then, HPLC method was used to determine the contents of 12 active components in WLL and its different polar components. Finally, the potential relationship between 12 active components and physicochemical parameters of DN rats was explored. The pharmacological experiments showed that WLL, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and n-butanol (n-BuOH) extracts not only significantly alleviated the clinical symptoms and kidney damage of DN rats but also had obvious anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In addition, the results of HPLC analysis showed that the 12 active components of WLL mainly existed in the extracts of EtOAc and n-BuOH. The Pearson correlation analysis showed 12 active components and physicochemical parameters had different degrees of correlation. In conclusion, we proved that the extracts of EtOAc and n-BuOH were the effective fractions of WLL in treating DN in rats, and they could regulate the levels of inflammatory cytokines and decrease oxidation stress, which provides a basis for further research on the mechanism of WLL in treating DN and provides a pharmacological and chemical foundation for the development of new anti-DN drugs.

scholarly journals Malondialdehyde levels can be measured in serum and saliva by using a fast HPLC method with visible detection / Determinarea printr-o metodă HPLC-VIS rapidă a concentraţiilor serice şi salivare ale malondialdehidei

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erzsébet Fogarasi ◽  
Mircea Dumitru Croitoru ◽  
Ibolya Fülöp ◽  
Enikő Nemes-Nagy ◽  
Robert Gabriel Tripon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Repeated Sample

Abstract Oxidative stress appears when the amount of free radicals that are formed in a living organism exceed its spin-trapping ability. One of the most dangerous free radicals that are formed in the human body is the hydroxyl radical. It can alter several biomolecules, including the unsaturated fatty acids; this process is known as lipid peroxidation and can lead to cell necrosis and generation of several harmful byproducts including malondialdehyde, which serves also as a biomarker of oxidative stress. A new HPLC method with visible detection was developed for the detection of malondialdehyde in human serum and saliva samples. The method was verified in terms of specificity, linearity, limits of detection (0.35 ng/ml), limit of quantification (1.19 ng/ml), recovery (90.13±10.25 – 107.29±14.33) and precision (3.84±1.49% – 6.66±1.76%). An analysis time of only 1 minute was obtained and no interferences from the matrices were observed. Statistical analysis (Pearson correlation test) showed a moderate correlation (R = 0.5061, p = 0.0099) between serum and saliva concentrations (N = 25). The possibility of measuring salivary concentrations of malondialdehyde extents the applications of oxidative stress/lipid peroxidation estimations to categories of population unreachable before (pregnant women, small children, etc); repeated sample studies are also easier to make.

scholarly journals Characterization of Polysaccharide by HPLC: Extraction and Anticancer Effects

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Liming Gao ◽  
Ya Di ◽  
Jiandong Wu ◽  
Ming Shi ◽  
Fulu Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Inhibit Tumor Growth ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Shark Cartilage ◽  
Natural Medicines

Cervical cancer is a serious health hazard for women’s reproductive system cancer; the method of treatment for cervical cancer is still in surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy as the basic means, but with many complications. The effects of natural medicines for cervical cancer are increasingly becoming the focus of people’s attentions. By studying the polysaccharide of cervical cancer in mice, we found that shark cartilage polysaccharide can increase the serum levels of T-SOD and GSH and decrease MDA level significantly in the tumor mice. The distribution of the drug in the tissue was determined by HPLC method; the drug can be drawn in the liver and kidney the highest, followed by the spleen, lung, and brain levels being the lowest. Polysaccharide can inhibit tumor growth in the mice which may be connected with the enhanced immunity and the antioxidant capacity.

scholarly journals Ekstraksi senyawa fenolik antioksidan dari daun dan tangkai gambir

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Margareth Gani ◽  
Yesisca Cuaca ◽  
Aning Ayucitra ◽  
Nani Indraswati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Acetate Solution ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Extraction Condition ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method

Extraction of phenolic compounds from leaves and stems of uncaria gambirGambir (Uncaria gambir) contains catechin polyphenols (catechins) which is useful as natural antioxidant to counteract free radicals. Gambir may also be used in modern medicine, also as paint or dye clothing. The objective of this research was to study the effect of type of solvent, solvent concentration, and extraction temperature to the yield and Total Phenolic Content (TPC) of extracts. Gambir was firstly blended without the addition of water prior to extraction using a solvent extraction method. The filtrate was separated from solid residue and evaporated to obtain extract powder. The yield and TPC of the resulting extract powder were then analyzed. Antioxidant activity and catechins content of extracts were also studied. As result, the following extraction condition gave extracts with the highest yield and TPC: with 50% ethanol solution as solvent at 75 oC gave 11.12% and 52.352 g GAE/100 g gambir extract, respectively; whilst with 70% ethyl acetate solution as solvent at 65 oC gave 5.28% and 59.346 g GAE/100 g gambir extract, respectively. The antioxidant activity of extracts, calculated as IC50, for solvent ethanol and ethyl acetate were as follows: 8.9 mg extract/mL and 13.8 mg extract/mL, respectively; whilst the catechins content of extracts were 62,18% and 44,85%, respectively.Keywords: Uncaria gambir, solvent extraction, catechins, antioxidants AbstrakGambir (Uncaria gambir) mengandung polifenol katekin (catechin) yang bermanfaat sebagai bahan antioksidan alami yang dapat menangkal radikal bebas. Selain itu, gambir juga dimanfaatkan dalam pembuatan obat-obatan modern dan pewarna cat atau pakaian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh jenis pelarut, konsentrasi pelarut, dan suhu ekstraksi terhadap perolehan dan kandungan senyawa fenolik (TPC) ekstrak gambir. Daun dan tangkai gambir mula-mula diblender tanpa penambahan air. Proses ekstraksi gambir dilakukan pada berbagai jenis pelarut, konsentrasi pelarut, dan suhu ekstraksi denganmetode ekstraksi pelarut. Setelah padatan dipisahkan dengan pelarutnya, pelarut diuapkan untuk mendapatkan serbuk ekstrak gambir. Serbuk ekstrak gambir dianalisis perolehan dan kandungan senyawa fenoliknya. Aktivitas antioksidan dan kadar katekin ekstrak juga dianalisis. Ekstrak daun gambir dengan perolehan dan TPC tertinggi untuk pelarut etanol (11,12% dan 52,352 g GAE/100 g gambir ekstrak) diperoleh pada konsentrasi etanol 50% dan suhu ekstraksi 75oC. Untuk pelarut etil asetat, perolehan dan TPC tertinggi (5,28% dan 59,346 g GAE/100 g gambir ekstrak) diperoleh pada konsentrasi etil asetat 70% dan suhu ekstraksi 65 oC. Pada masing-masing kondisi terbaik tersebut, ekstrak yang didapat memiliki aktivitas antioksidan (dalam IC50) dan kadar katekin sebesar 8,9 mg ekstrak/mL dan 62,18% untuk ekstraksi dengan pelarut etanol serta 13,8 mg ekstrak/mL dan 44,85% untuk pelarut etil asetat.Kata kunci: Uncaria gambir, ekstraksi pelarut, katekin, antioksidan 

scholarly journals Astragaloside IV Protects Against Diabetic Nephropathy by Inhibiting Pyroptosis Based on NOX4/TXNIP/NLRP3 Pathway

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudi Zhang ◽  
Chunhe Tao ◽  
Donglin Du ◽  
Chen Xuan ◽  
Wenfu Cao
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Collagen Iv ◽  
Tunel Staining ◽  
Astragaloside Iv ◽  
Glycation End Products

Background and Purpose: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common and severe chronic complication in diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect and mechanism of Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on renal pyroptosis in DN. Experimental Approach: High-fat diet and a small dose of streptozotocin were used to establish the DN model. Rats were treated with vehicle or AS-IV (20-, 40- and 80-mg/kg/day) or valsartan (30mg/kg/day) by gavage. After 12 weeks, animals were euthanized; samples of urine and blood were collected to examine biochemical indicators, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), inflammatory cytokines; kidney tissues were collected for histological observation, TUNEL staining, AGEs, inflammatory cytokines, redox indicators, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Key Results: Biochemical results showed that AS-IV could significantly alleviate the degree of clinical symptoms and the levels of blood glucose, HbA1C, TG, MDA, AGEs, Interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 while improving the activity of SOD and the secretion and sensitivity of insulin. Histological examination and TUNEL staining indicated that AS-IV attenuated the damage of tissues and cells in the kidney from DN rats. Western blot results revealed that AS-IV relieved the activation of NOX4/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway and the expression of collagen IV and fibronectin in DN rats. Immunohistochemistry results showed that AS-IV attenuated collagen IV and fibronectin in the kidney from DN rats. Conclusion and Implications: The NOX4/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway mediated renal pyroptosis could play a crucial role in kidney damage and DN development in rats. Restoration of renal pyroptosis by AS-IV be a potential therapeutic strategy against DN.

scholarly journals Network Pharmacology and Experimental Assessment to Explore the Pharmacological Mechanism of Qimai Feiluoping Decoction Against Pulmonary Fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Yang ◽  
Lu Ding ◽  
Tingting Bao ◽  
Yaxin Li ◽  
Jing Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Pharmacological Mechanism ◽  
Ecm Degradation ◽  
Tgf Β1

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is one of the pathologic changes in COVID-19 patients in convalescence, and it is also a potential long-term sequela in severe COVID-19 patients. Qimai Feiluoping decoction (QM) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula recommended in the Chinese national medical program for COVID-19 convalescent patients, and PF is one of its indications. Through clinical observation, QM was found to improve the clinical symptoms and pulmonary function and reduce the degree of PF of COVID-19 convalescent patients. To further explore the pharmacological mechanisms and possible active components of QM in anti-PF effect, UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS was used to analyze the composition of the QM extract and the active components that can be absorbed into the blood, leading to the identification of 56 chemical compounds and 10 active components. Then, network pharmacology was used to predict the potential mechanisms and targets of QM; it predicted that QM exerts its anti-PF effects via the regulation of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and TGF-β signaling pathway. Finally, TGF-β1–induced A549 cells were used to verify and explore the pharmacological effects of QM and found that QM could inhibit the proliferation of TGF-β1–induced A549 cells, attenuate EMT, and promote ECM degradation by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad3 pathway.

STABILITY INDICATING ASSAY METHOD OF SIROLIMUS USING HPLC AND SEPARATION OF ACID DEGRADANT BY HPTLC

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (04) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
S. Jadhav ◽  
◽  
P. Pisal ◽  
M. Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Hplc Method ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Oxidation Stress ◽  
Stability Indicating ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Photodiode Array Detector ◽  
Photodiode Array ◽  
The Given ◽  
Stressed Sample

A stability indicating RP-HPLC method has been developed and subsequently validated for Sirolimus. The proposed RP-HPLC method utilizes Phenomenex, C18, 3 μm, 4 mm x 150 mm column, mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water (65:35 V/V) and UV detection at 277 nm using a photodiode array detector in the stressed sample chromatograms. Crushed sirolimus tablets were exposed to thermal, photolytic, aqueous and oxidation stress conditions and stressed samples were analysed by the proposed method. Peak homogeneity data of the drug peaks were obtained using photodiode array detector. The stressed sample chromatograms demonstrated the specificity of the method for their estimation in presence of degradants. 99.66% degradation was observed in acid degradation study. on the other hand, no degradation was observed in aqueous condition. The given method was linear over a range of 0.1566 mg/mL to 0.4699 mg/mL. The mean recovery was found to be 99.23%. Acid degradant was separated by HPTLC and spectroscopic analysis was performed for the same.

Abnormal resting-state brain activity and connectivity of brain-bladder control network in overactive bladder syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110572
Author(s):  
Wang Biao ◽  
Zuo Long ◽  
Zhou Yang ◽  
Gu Hua ◽  
Wang Shuangkun
Keyword(s):  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Bladder Control ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Left Insula

Background Neuroimaging studies have shown that the brain is involved in the mechanism of overactive bladder disease (OAB). Purpose To explorer spatial patterns of spontaneous neural activities and functional integration in patients with OAB. Material and Methods In total, 28 patients with OAB and 28 matched healthy controls (HC) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and completed questionnaires to assess clinical symptoms. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and ROI-based functional connectivity (FC) within the brain-bladder control network (BBCN) were calculated and compared between the two groups using a two-sample t-test. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between ALFF and the clinical score of patients with OAB. Results Compared with HCs, patients with OAB exhibited significantly decreased ALFF in the left superior medial middle gyrus (SFGmed) and superior dorsal frontal gyrus (SFGdor), and increased ALFF in the right hippocampus. Furthermore, ALFF values in the left SFGmed were negatively correlated with OABSS scores. FC in patients with OAB was significantly increased between the bilateral caudate nucleus (CAU) and bilateral SFGdor, the bilateral CAU and bilateral supplementary motor area (SMA), the bilateral thalamus and SMA; the left CAU and bilateral SFGmed, the left CAU and bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus, and the left CAU and left insula. Additionally, decreased FC was found between the bilateral amygdala and bilateral SFGmed and the left SMA and left insula. Conclusion These abnormal activities and connectivities of BBCN may indicate impaired cortical control of micturition in OAB, suggesting a possible neural mechanism of OAB.

scholarly journals Assessment of serum Ferritin level and its correlation with HbA1c in Diabetic Nephropathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Madhura Navule Siddappa ◽  
Kowsalya Ramprasad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Serum Ferritin Level ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type Ii

Background: Serum ferritin levels reflecting the body iron stores, is known to be elevated in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. However its association with diabetic complications including Diabetic nephropathy (DN), and overall glycemic control needs to be validated. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to find the Serum Ferritin level abnormalities in DM patients with nephropathy in comparison with DM patients without nephropathy and to find correlation of Serum Ferritin (SF) levels with levels of Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study, which included eighty five registered patients with Type 2 DM (44 Type II DM without nephropathy cases and 41 cases of Type II DM with nephropathy). SF and HbA1c was estimated in all cases across both the groups and were compared with age and sex matched controls and analysed. Results: Serum Ferritin levels were higher in diabetics with nephropathy compared to diabetics without nephropathy (p<0.0001). SF levels were higher in diabetic groups compared to control group (p <0.001).The correlation between HbA1c and SF was assessed among all cases of DM with nephropathy group using pearson correlation test and it showed a significantly positive correlation (r=0.431) with a SF (mean = 938±148) and HbA1c (mean = 9.2±2.02). Conclusion: Serum ferritin levels positively correlate with HbA1c levels in Type II DM cases with nephropathy, which suggests that serum Ferritin levels can be used as a surrogate marker of glycemic control in Type II DM with nephropathy.

Simultaneous determination of multiple active components in Cynomorium songaricum by HPLC method

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-124
Author(s):  
HanChun YANG ◽  
Rong WANG ◽  
PengXiao XIA ◽  
WenChao JIA ◽  
ChangYong YANG
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Active Components
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