scholarly journals The Dangerous Couple: Illegal Mining and Water Pollution—A Case Study in Fena River in the Ashanti Region of Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Ebo Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Ashanti Region ◽  
Illegal Mining ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Poor Water Quality

The threat posed by illegal mining to the quality of water resources in Ghana has become a major public concern due to the closing down of some water treatment plants in the country. This study aimed to investigate heavy metal pollution in Fena River due to the illegal mining activities. The study was based on 72 samples from six sampling points for a period of 12 months (January–December). Six heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) in water were investigated from Fena River in the Amansie Central District in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The ranges of the heavy metals in water were BDL–1.041, 0.01–0.703, BDL–0.24, 0.17–16.43, 0.46–1.02, and BDL for Pb, Cd, Cu, Fe, Zn, and Hg. Three metals exceeded the safe drinking water guidelines making water generally unsafe for drinking and domestic purposes. According to Nemerow’s pollution index results, three metals, namely, Cd, Pb, and Fe, were the principal metal pollutants in the study area, whereas Hg, Cu, and Zn were found not to contribute to the pollution effect. However, of the polluting metals, only Cd polluted all the six sampling sites, whereas Pb polluted five out of the six sampling sites. The most striking of the results is the absence of mercury in all the sites studied. The findings from the water quality index confirm that only two of the sites recorded marginal water quality, whereas the remaining four sites recorded poor water quality. The high levels of heavy metals polluting water and the deteriorating water quality are due to the illegal mining activities occurring within and around Fena River.

scholarly journals An In-Depth Analysis of Water Quality Using GIS and Heavy Metal Pollution Index near a Gold Mining Area, Qorveh, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Jahangiri-rad ◽  
Mohsen Shariati ◽  
Mahdieh Yaaghoubi ◽  
Ali Haghmoradkhani ◽  
Abbas Akbarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution Index ◽  
Metal Pollution Index

Introduction: Inappropriate management of mining activities may bring about water pollution and pose a heavy complication on aquatic ecosystem and humans. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of Qorveh gold mining activities on the quality of nearby groundwater. Materials and Methods: The concentration of seven eco-toxic metals along with some general hydrochemical parameters were investigated for 27 sampling stations in the study area using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and conventional hydrochemical methods. The analysis results were further applied to compute pollution indices, namely heavy metal pollution index (HPI) for irrigation purposes. Results: The main elements were within the World Health Organization (WHO) and Iranian National Water Standards (INWS) for irrigation water quality, except for NH4+ in some sampling points. The concentration of heavy metals followed the order Cu > Zn > Pb > Hg > Cd > As. The contents of Hg, As, Cd, and Cu in most sites were higher than the recommended values. Except for two stations, the value of HPI based on the mean concentration was found to be far beyond the critical pollution index value of 100, suggesting that the area is highly polluted with some heavy metals. Conclusion: Elevated concentration of trace elements found in groundwater of this area represented the release of harmful elements from gold mining activities on surrounding environment.

scholarly journals Analyses of Water Quality Status Based Domestic Waste Parameters By Using Pollutant Index Method At Tabuk River Barito Selatan Central Kalimantan Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Nora Forina ◽  
Emmy Sri Mahreda ◽  
Mijani Rahman ◽  
Mahmud Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Pollution Impact

The study aims to analyze the quality of water at Tabuk River Status by using pollution index method and domestic waste pollution impact to human health. The experiment was conducted in Tabuk River at Barito Selatan Regency Central Kalimantan Province. The samples of water with physical, chemical and biological parameters were taken at 3 points in the morning in the withdraw and flood.  After wards, they were compared with the standard quality of water class II based on Government Regulation Number 82 of 2001 and domestic waste pollution impact to human health description. The results of study revealed that the water quality  of Tabuk River exceeding criteria based on BOD at 48 mg/L in the withdraw  and 22,52 mg/L in the flood, COD at 61,4 mg/L in the withdraw and 47,47 mg/L in the flood, TSS at 338,3 mg/L in the withdraw and 157,4 mg/L in the flood and Faecal Coliform at ≥ 1898 MPN. Whereas based on the index value of pollutants, Tabuk River by the light polluted status of 3,33-3,97, except downstream of withdrawing is medium (pollution index 5,2).  The domestic waste pollution negative impact to human health. Increased faecal coliform in Tabuk River at ≥1898 jml/100 mL (MPN) and 58,33% society coastal river area have diarrhea and itch.

scholarly journals Water quality index and the sediment criteria due to anthropogenic activity in West Aceh District, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 922 (1) ◽  
pp. 012042
Author(s):  
Rahmatillah ◽  
H Meilina ◽  
I Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Sediment Quality Guidelines ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Illegal Mining

Abstract The existence of river environmental components or sediment and river pollutions are influenced by domestic, industrial, and agricultural waste, it will reduce water quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the index of water quality and sedimentation due to anthropogenic activities. Pollution Index (PI) method for water quality and Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) method for sedimentation. The Krueng Woyla and Krueng Meuruebo watersheds include have the highest intensity of anthropogenic activity at West Aceh District. Surrounding the Krueng Woyla watershed has illegal mining such as class C minerals like sand and stone and gold mining. In the Krueng Meureubo watershed, there are mining activities to dispose of company waste flowing through the Meureubo tributary accompanied by sand mining activities. These activities result in the pollution index (PI) calculation. It shows that there has been a decrease in the water quality of the Meuruebo and Woyla rivers with 1.0 <PI< 5.0 classified as lightly polluted river water quality conditions. The highest pollution index value is in the Krueng Meruebo downstream watershed which is 2.41 classified as “Slightly Polluted”. Based on the Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) and equations for a mercury concentration of 0.915, it is found that sediment has medium a negative effect index of heavy metals on river biota.

Investigation of the Concentration of Heavy Metals in the Drinking Fountains of the Mountain Massif Shale and Bajgore in Kosovo

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-520
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Instrumental Methods

Taking in consideration that drinking water is a vital element without which the normal existence of humans and other living things in our planet cannot be thought of, we are motivated to research the wells and springs used for drinking in the villages of Bajgora, Kovacica and Kaqandoll. The suspicion that the waters of this mountain massif contain heavy metals due to the presence of mineral ores also prompted us to investigate the degree of presence or not of heavy metals in these waters. To assess the water quality of these wells, in the monitoring network that includes these three villages, we have pinpointed five monitoring points, determining the organoleptic, physic-chemical, and microbiological and heavy metal parameters. During the research process, in order to evaluate the water quality as accurately as possible, classical and instrumental methods of chemical analysis were applied. We have compared the results of the analysis with the standard values of AI16 / 2012- Administrative Instruction of Kosovo that has to do with the quality of water for human consumption and that is in full compliance with EU Directive 98/83 EC. The obtained results denote the presence with heavy metals of Pb, Zn, Cd and Ni, in four of the five samples taken for research. Therefore, we have come to the conclusion that the presence of these metals results as a consequence of the geological composition and ore-rich underground layers of this mountain massif.

scholarly journals WATER QUALITY STUDY BASED ON MEIOFAUNA ABUNDANCE AND POLLUTION INDEX IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF LOSARI BEACH, MAKASSAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sri Yusal ◽  
Muh Aris Marfai ◽  
Suwarno Hadisusanto ◽  
Nurul Khakhim
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Migration Flow ◽  
Poor Water Quality ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Meiofauna Abundance

The coastal zone of Losari Beach is located in a strategic position and rich in potential coastal resources, but the high density of human activities has decreased the quality of the surrounding waters.This study aimed to examine water quality based on meiofauna abundance and pollution index in the coastal zone of Losari Beach, Makassar. It employed a quantitative descriptive approach with purposive sampling method. The identified total meiofauna abundance was117,176 individuals/m2consisting of 138 species from 13 phyla. Ostracoda, olygochaeta, sarcomastigophora, ciliophora, and polychaetawere phyla with the highest abundance because of their high adaptability to polluted aquatic conditions. Meanwhile, tardigrada and aelosomatidaewere found in very low abundance because both phyla only thrive in pollution-free environments and have a pattern of high migration flow from one habitat to another. As for aelosomatidae, the habitat of its speciesis limitedto brackish or saline waters. A good-quality aquatic environment is a habitat for all benthic organisms and enables their even distribution. It explains the discovery of true and temporary meiofauna with uniform or even compositions in the bottom of the waters. The waters in the coastal zone of Losari Beach are heavily polluted. The stationslocated around the traditional Paotere harbor, hotels, restaurants, Losari Beach Platforms, the waste disposal outlets of Stella Maris Hospital, Fort Rotterdam canals, and Jeneberang River mouthhad very high pollution index. Some of these stations had low meiofauna abundance levels, and the poor water quality in their surroundings was caused by anthropogenic activity. Even though the area around TanjungMerdeka Beach had relatively low pollution index, it was categorized as severely contaminated because the index score was >10.

scholarly journals Applying Interconnected Game Theory to Analyze Transboundary Waters: A Case Study of the Kura–Araks Basin

2019 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Khachaturyan ◽  
Karina Schoengold
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
International Rivers ◽  
Transboundary Waters ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Poor Water Quality

The Kura–Araks Basin is facing problems with insufficient water availability for all needs and poor water quality, which results in high rates of waterborne diseases. The riparians of the basin struggle with management of water resources within their national borders, as well as internationally, across the basin. With international rivers, interdependency among countries is created, where the upstream country can impact the quantity and quality of water downstream. This study focuses on the upstream–downstream relationship with the Kura River between Azerbaijan and Georgia. The analysis uses a game theoretical framework, which incorporates several issues in the negotiation space. Specifically, water quantity and water quality are analyzed separately and combined into an aggregated isolated game. The analysis compares the aggregated isolated game, where the outcome of each game is negotiated separately, with an interconnected game, where the two games are jointly negotiated. Using realistic parameters, results show that due to the repeated nature of some of the payoffs, cooperation is unlikely to be achievable in each game independently, since at least one country has an incentive to deviate. In contrast, the interconnected game can achieve full cooperation and increase the welfare of both countries.

scholarly journals Evaluation of surface water quality for human consumption potential in the upper reaches of Sis Icán, Guatemala

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Milton Leonel Chán Santisteban ◽  
Wagner Peña Cordero
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Water Pollution Index ◽  
Biological Contamination ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Three Rivers

In Guatemala 90 % of urban water has a rural origin and 70% of the sources are superficial. We selected three rivers of the upperbasin of Sis Icán (Chita, and Sacobá Ixconá-Sis; Pacific coast) to assesdrinking water. The watersheds have agriculture and livestock farms,as well as urban and rural populations. Water quality was assessed in the origin and end of each river, in 2012. The variables measured were:NO3, NO2 =, SO4 =, Fe, Cl, Mn, hardness, total coliforms and fecal coliforms.We applied the water pollution index, which is the average of the ratios between observed parameters and regulated standard values.We found statistically significant inputs for chemical and microbiological contaminants (total and fecal coliforms). The level of chemicalcontaminants does not compromise the quality of water for human consumption, but the biological contamination does.

scholarly journals Analisis Pencemaran Perairan Pesisir Bedukang, Desa Deniang, Kabupaten Bangka.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Dareen Nadya Rema ◽  
Kurniawan Kurniawan ◽  
Umroh Umroh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Quality Category ◽  
Index Value

Administratively Bedukang coastal waters get into the District of Riau Silip Bangka. There is a tin mining activities and farms in the region that directly or indirectly provide significant pressure on water quality in the region. The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of the quality of coastal waters Bedukang and assess the degree of pollution in coastal waters Bedukang using Pollution Index (IP). Methods of data collection was done at 4 stations by purposive sampling. Insitu measurement parameters are parameters of temperature, pH, and salinity and measurement parameters are parameters exsitu TSS, TDS, BOD, Metals Pb and Total Coliform. Analysis of water quality data using Pollution Index (IP). The results show the value of IP, namely at the first station, the station 3 and the station 4, including lightly polluted category with the value of each value of 2.819, 1.025 and 1.022. At station 2 including good water quality category with the pollution index value of 0.919.There are 3 point lightly polluted so it needs special attention from the local government in the utilization of resources in the region.  

scholarly journals Comprehensive Spatio-temporal Benchmarking of Surface Water Quality of Hindon River, India– a Tributary of River Yamuna, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Kumar Gupta ◽  
Ambrish Kumar ◽  
Uma Kant Maurya ◽  
Deepak Singh ◽  
Sadikul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Evaluation Index ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution Index ◽  
Metal Pollution Index ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Physico Chemical

Abstract The quality of Hindon River, western Uttar Pradesh, India was benchmarked with 19 sampling sites by analysing seventeen water quality parameters and eight heavy metals for pre and post-monsoon seasons to assess the existing quality of water which is a milestone for preparing roadmap for its betterment. Indices associated with water quality and heavy metals were computed to scale the accurate state of risk associated to its use for drinking and irrigation. During the pre and post-monsoon seasons, only four and five sites were found having safe water quality index (WQI) values respectively. The average WQI (2015–2019) for pre and post-monsoon seasons ranged between 8.69–706.47 and 7.20–341.56 respectively. During pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons w.r.t. drinking purpose, heavy metal pollution index ranged between 0.76–4470.78 and 0–1425.31 respectively; heavy metal evaluation index ranged between 0.21–163.11 and 0.00–57.70 respectively; contamination evaluation index ranged between -7.79–155.11 and –8.00 to 49.70 respectively. During pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons w.r.t. irrigation purpose, heavy metal pollution index ranged between 0.82–1492.71and 0.00–300.06 respectively; heavy metal evaluation index ranged between 0.10–20.44and 0.00–5.66 respectively; contamination evaluation index ranged between -15.97–10.03and –17.00 to –6.08 respectively. The heavy metals were positively correlated where highest value observed between Cu and Mn (correlation coefficient value 0.95). For physico-chemical parameters, observed adj-R2 value ranged from 0.50 for pH to 0.98 for total hardness and calcium. PCA analysis achieves three principle components (PCs) for physico-chemical and three PCs for heavy metals that explained 88.67% and 89.68% variability of the original data set, respectively.

scholarly journals Analisis Hubungan Kualitas Air Terhadap Indeks Keanekaragaman Plankton dan Bentos Di Waduk Cirata

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilma Prasiwi ◽  
Eka Wardhani
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Free Chlorine ◽  
Brachionus Calyciflorus ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Benthic Species ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Quality Of Water

ABSTRAKWaduk Cirata merupakan salah satu danau buatan yang terdapat di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Waduk Cirata terletak berurutan (cascade) diantara Waduk Saguling dan Jatiluhur yang membendung Sungai Citarum. Telah diketahui kualitas air sungai yang masuk ke Waduk Cirata telah tercemar dan menyebabkan kualitas air Waduk Cirata menurun. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka diperlukan suatu penelitian untuk mengetahui kualitas air menggunakan metode indeks pencemaran dengan indikator plankton dan bentos. Lokasi sampling dilakukan di Sungai Citarum, Cibalagung, Cicendo dan perairan Waduk Cirata di Desa Mande dan Margaluyu. Status mutu air sungai dan air Waduk Cirata dikategorikan cemar sedang. Parameter kualitas air sungai dan perairan Waduk Cirata yang melebihi baku mutu yaitu DO, BOD, Nitrit, Klorin Bebas, Timbal, dan Fenol. Total beban pencemaran dari 3 sungai yang masuk ke Waduk Cirata adalah BOD sebesar 10,839 kg/hari, Nitrit sebesar 0,336 kg/hari, Klorin Bebas sebesar 16,685 kg/hari, Timbal sebesar 0,083 kg/hari dan Fenol sebesar 0,008 kg/hari. Keanekaragaman plankton dan bentos di Desa Mande dan Margaluyu yaitu sedang. Di Desa Mande, spesies yang mendominasi fitoplankton yaitu Volvox sp. dan zooplankton yaitu Brachionus calyciflorus. Sedangkan bentos spesies yang mendominasi yaitu Filopaludina sp. Di Desa Margaluyu, spesies yang mendominasi fitoplankton yaitu Volvox sp. dan zooplankton yaitu Moina sp. Sedangkan bentos spesies yang mendominasi yaitu Macrobrachium sp.Kata Kunci: Cirata, Citarum, Kualitas Air, Beban Pencemaran, Plankton, BentosABSTRACTCirata Reservoir is one of the artificial lakes in West Java Province. Cirata Reservoir is located in a cascade between Saguling and Jatiluhur Reservoir which damages the Citarum River. It is known that the quality of river water entering the Cirata Reservoir has been polluted and caused the water quality of the Cirata Reservoir to decrease. Based on this, a study is needed to find out the quality of water using the pollution index method with plankton and benthic indicators. Sampling locations were carried out in the Citarum, Cibalagung, Cicendo and Cirata Reservoir waters in Mande and Margaluyu Villages. The status of river water quality and the water of Cirata Reservoir are categorized as medium pollution. Parameters of river and water quality of the Cirata Reservoir that exceed the quality standards are DO, BOD, Nitrite, Free Chlorine, Lead and Phenol. The total pollution load from the 3 rivers that enter the Cirata Reservoir is BOD of 10.839 kg/day, Nitrite of 0.336 kg/day, Free Chlorine of 16.658 kg/day, Lead of 0.083 kg/day and Fenol of 0.008 kg/day. The diversity of plankton and benthos in Mande and Margaluyu villages is medium. In Mande Village, the species that dominates phytoplankton namely Volvox sp. and zooplankton are Brachionus calyciflorus. Whereas the dominating benthic species, Filopaludina sp. In Margaluyu Village, the species that dominate the phytoplankton, Volvox sp. and zooplankton, Moina sp. Whereas the dominating benthic species are Macrobrachium sp.Keywords: Cirata, Citarum, Water Quality, Pollution Load, Plankton, Bentos

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