scholarly journals Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Profile of a Polyherbal Drug Used in Sri Lankan Traditional Medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Donisha Shani Niharika Keembiya Liyanagamage ◽  
Susanthi Jayasinghe ◽  
Anoja Priyadarshani Attanayake ◽  
Veranja Karunaratne
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Hot Water Extract ◽  
Acetone Extracts

A polyherbal drug composed of leaves of Murraya koenigii L. Spreng, cloves of Allium sativum L., fruits of Garcinia quaesita Pierre, and seeds of Piper nigrum L. is a popular drug which has been used by indigenous practitioners in Sri Lanka for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. The acute toxicity assessment was conducted, following a single oral dose of 0.25–2.0 g/kg in healthy rats, and rats were observed up to 14 days. The hot water extract (1.0 g/kg) and the water : acetone extract (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g/kg) were administered to Wistar rats for 28 days in the subchronic study. Hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities (dose response studies) of cold water, hot water, and water : acetone extracts of the polyherbal mixture were evaluated at the doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g/kg in healthy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (70 mg/kg, ip), respectively. Acute toxicity study showed that the polyherbal drug did not cause any change in animals throughout the experimental period of 14 days. The administration of the hot water extract and the water : acetone extract of the polyherbal drug for 28 days did not produce changes in the selected biochemical and hematological parameters in Wistar rats (p > 0.05). The histological assessment corroborated the biochemical findings with no significant treatment-related changes in the kidney and liver. The treatment of polyherbal drug significantly lowered the serum glucose concentration compared to the diabetic control rats (p < 0.05) while it did not lead to a severe reduction of glucose concentration in healthy rats. The hot water and water : acetone extracts of the polyherbal drug showed a statistically significant improvement on total area under the glucose tolerance curve in diabetic rats (p < 0.05), reflecting dose-dependent antihyperglycemic effects of the drug. Based on the results, we conclude that the aforementioned antidiabetic polyherbal remedy is free of toxic/adverse effects at the equivalent human therapeutic dose in healthy Wistar rats and would be a safe therapeutic agent for long-term treatments.

The antidiabetic properties of the hot water extract of kola nut (Cola nitida (Vent.) Schott & Endl.) in type 2 diabetic rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 112033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ochuko L. Erukainure ◽  
Olakunle Sanni ◽  
Omamuyovwi M. Ijomone ◽  
Collins U. Ibeji ◽  
Chika I. Chukwuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hot Water Extract ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Cola Nitida

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic Effect of Chlorella sp. CMS-1 Hot Water Extract on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1584-1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Wook Kim ◽  
Jae-Young Cha ◽  
Jin-Sun Heo ◽  
Hyun-Jin Jin ◽  
Young-Su Cho
Keyword(s):  
Water Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hypoglycemic Effect ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
Hot Water Extract

scholarly journals Antifungal ability and decay resistance of Fokienia hodginsii heartwood extract and its inhibitory effect on Gloeophyllum trabeum

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 2784-2799
Author(s):  
Jian-Fei Wu ◽  
Xue-Feng Zhuang ◽  
Hong-mei Yuan ◽  
Quan Li ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Decay Resistance ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Gloeophyllum Trabeum ◽  
Test Pieces ◽  
Hot Water Extract ◽  
Acetone Extracts

The inhibitory ability of Fokienia hodginsii heartwood (FHH) extracts on Trametes versicolor (TV) and Gloeophyllum trabeum (GT) as well as the toxic effect of its heartwood extracts on GT were studied. The growth inhibition ability of the samples was analyzed using the growth rate method. The results showed that in the experiment of inhibiting TV, extracts using hot water had little effect, acetone extracts had the best inhibiting effect, and the lowest value of acetone EC50 was 0.409 g/L. The parameter EC50 is the concentration of the corresponding agent that inhibits the growth of 50% fungi. In the antifungal experiment of GT, methanol extract had the best inhibition effect, and the lowest EC50 value was 0.283 g/L. The antifungal effect of five solvent extracts of FHH was good when the concentration was 10% (w/w), and at this time, the mass loss rate of the test pieces was below 11%, all of them were Class I, indicating a strong antifungal level. After observing the samples of GT with SEM, it was found that the structure of methanol extract treatment was more complete and the antiseptic effect was better than that of the hot water extract treatment.

scholarly journals Acute and Subchronic Oral Safety Profiles of the Sudarshana Suspension

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Weerakoon Achchige Selvi Saroja Weerakoon ◽  
Pathirage Kamal Perera ◽  
Kamani Samarasinghe ◽  
Dulani Gunasekera ◽  
Thusharie Sugandhika Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Hot Water Extract ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Adult Volunteers

Sudarshana powder (SP) is an Ayurvedic preparation, which contains 53 herbal ingredients along with 50% of Andrographis paniculata and is clinically used with bees honey. This study was aimed to determine the safety profile of the SP, and its novel preparation Sudarshana suspension (SS) on male Wistar rats and tolerance studies were conducted for healthy adult volunteers. Acute and subacute toxicity studies of the SS and hot water extract of SP were assessed in Wistar rats by observing the general behavior, analyzing biochemical and haematological parameters, and pathological observation. Healthy consented adult volunteers (n = 35) of either sex were selected, and tolerance studies of SS were tested by measuring the biochemical and haematological parameters. There were no significant ( p > 0.05 ) changes observed in the treated animals with SS and hot water extract of SP compared with control in body weights, food intake, and water consumption as well as the biochemical and haematological parameters. Histopathological studies revealed no significant ( p > 0.05 ) changes in the liver, heart, and kidney tissues. The experimental results suggest that novel formulation SS was potentially safe for chronic administration in rats, and no significant differences ( p > 0.05 ) were observed in tested parameters on day 3 and day 8 when compared to the day 0 (baseline) values in healthy volunteers. Healthy volunteers did not report any adverse effects or any other complications during the treatment period and the follow-up period. Therefore, it can be concluded that the novel preparation Sudarshana suspension does not cause any significant toxic effects on the blood parameters in animal and human models.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGIK HATI TIKUS WISTAR YANG DIBERIKAN AIR REBUSAN DAUN SENDOK (PLANTAGO MAJOR) PASCA INDUKSI KARBON TETRAKLORIDA (CCl4)

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingkan Lintong
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plantago Major ◽  
Hot Water Extract ◽  
Microscopic Features

Abstract: The common plantain (plantago major) contains the compound aucubin which has been demonstrated to have theraupetic effects in improving liver cells as hepatoprotector. The objective of this study was to reveal the histopathological features of the liver of wistar rats administered with the hot water extract of Plantago major after induction with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). This study was a laboratory experimental research employing 14 wistar rats; two rats were used as the negative control fed with regular pellets for 5 days, two rats as the positif control fed with pellets containing CCl4 of 0.05 cc for five days, five rats as treatment group receiving pellets containing CCl4 of 0.05 cc for five days and were fed with regular pellets afterwards, and five rats received pellets containing CCl4 of 0.05 cc for five days and were administered with the hot water extract of Plantago major 0f 1.6 cc. Results showed that rats in the negative control exhibited normal macroscopic and microscopic features. In the positive control group, the microscopic features demonstrated liver cells with steatosis.  Meanwhile, the rats administered with the water extract of Plantago major showed liver cells which had regenerated. It is concluded that the administration of the water extract of Plantago major can improve the liver cells by diffuse regeneration. Keywords: plantago major, regeneration, steatosis , wistar rats     Abstrak: Daun sendok (Plantago major) mengandung senyawa aucubin yang telah terbukti berkhasiat memperbaiki fungsi sel hati dan sebagai hepatoprotektor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat gambaran histopatologik hati tikus wistar yang diberikan air rebusan daun sendok pasca induksi karbon tetraklorida (CCl4). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan menggunakan 14 ekor tikus wistar, dua tikus digunakan sebagai kontrol negatif dengan pemberian pellet biasa selama 5 hari, dua tikus sebagai kontrol positif yang diberikan pellet yang mengandung CCl4 dosis 0,05 cc selama 5 hari, lima tikus sebagai kelompok perlakuan dengan pemberian CCl4 dosis 0,05 cc selama 5 hari dilanjutkan pellet biasa, dan lima tikus diberikan CCl4 0,05 cc selama 5 hari dilanjutkan pemberian air rebusan daun sendok dosis 1,6 cc. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan gambaran makroskopik dan mikroskopik normal pada kelompok kontrol negatif. Pada kelompok kontrol positif gambaran mikroskopiknya menunjukkan sel hati dengan steatosis. Kelompok tikus yang diberikan air rebusan daun sendok gambaran mikroskopiknya menunjukkan sel-sel hati yang mengalami regenerasi. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian air rebusan daun sendok memperlihatkan regenerasi hati secara difus. Kata kunci: daun sendok, regenerasi, steatosis, tikus wistar.

Suppressive Effect of a Hot Water Extract of Adzuki Beans (Vigna angularis) on Hyperglycemia after Sucrose Loading in Mice and Diabetic Rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2421-2426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro ITOH ◽  
Nobuyuki KITA ◽  
Yuko KUROKAWA ◽  
Misato KOBAYASHI ◽  
Fumihiko HORIO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Extract ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Vigna Angularis ◽  
Hot Water Extract ◽  
Sucrose Loading
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