scholarly journals Oxidative Stress as the Main Target in Diabetic Retinopathy Pathophysiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olvera-Montaño Cecilia ◽  
Castellanos-González José Alberto ◽  
Navarro-Partida José ◽  
Cardona-Muñoz Ernesto Germán ◽  
López-Contreras Ana Karen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Cellular Degeneration ◽  
Neural Damage ◽  
Main Target ◽  
Focus Point

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) causing vision impairment even at young ages. There are numerous mechanisms involved in its development such as inflammation and cellular degeneration leading to endothelial and neural damage. These mechanisms are interlinked thus worsening the diabetic retinopathy outcome. In this review, we propose oxidative stress as the focus point of this complication onset.

scholarly journals Effects of L-glutamine supplementation on the myenteric neurons from the duodenum and cecum of diabetic rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Nelisis Zanoni ◽  
Eleandro Aparecido Tronchini ◽  
Sheila Alves Moure ◽  
Ivan Domicio da Silva Souza
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glutamine Supplementation ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Myenteric Neurons ◽  
Cellular Antioxidants

CONTEXT: Peripheral neuropathy is one of the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus and is directly related to gastrointestinal consequences of the disease. Myenteric neurons are affected in some pathological conditions such as diabetic neuropathy. The imbalance between cellular antioxidants and free radicals, leading to an increase in oxidative stress, is considered one of the main factors responsible for neuronal damages in diabetes. Drugs that reduce the oxidative stress may play a significant role in the treatment of neurological complications of diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of L-glutamine supplementation on the myenteric neurons from the cecum and duodenum of Wistar rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. METHODS: The animals were divided in four groups (n = 5): non-treated normoglycemics, normoglycemics treated with L-glutamine, non-treated diabetics and diabetics treated with L-glutamine from the 4th day of diabetes induction on. The amino acid L-glutamine was added to their diet at 1%. Giemsa's technique was employed to stain the myenteric neurons. We determined the cell body area of 500 neurons in each group studied. The quantitative analysis was performed by sampling in an area of 16.6 mm² in the cecum and 3.6 mm² in the duodenum of each animal. RESULTS: After the supplementation with L-glutamine in the duodenum, we observed a preservation of neuronal density in groups normoglycemic and diabetic (P<0.05). We also observed a preservation of the cell bodies area in diabetic animals (group treated with L-glutamine) (P<0.05). In the cecum, that preservation was not evident. CONCLUSION: Supplementation with L-glutamine (1%) promoted a neuroprotective effect on the myenteric neurons from the duodenum of rats, both in terms of natural aging and of diabetes mellitus.

The change of oxidative stress products in diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy

2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-Z. Pan ◽  
H. Zhang ◽  
D. Chang ◽  
H. Li ◽  
H. Sui
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy

scholarly journals Microvascular Complications of Diabetes Mellitus: Focus on Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Dascalu ◽  
Dragos Serban ◽  
Nikolaos Papanas ◽  
Peter Kempler ◽  
Manfredi Rizzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Vitreoretinal Surgery ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Microvascular Changes ◽  
Diabetic Foot Lesions

Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic foot ulcer are the most frequent, but also the most disabling complications of diabetes mellitus, with a sinister impact on patients’ quality of life. Microvascular changes related to the deleterious effect of chronic hyperglycemia play an important role in the pathophysiology of both clinical entities by multiple molecular pathways. Vision-threating diabetic retinopathy may be treated by laser photocoagulation, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents and vitreoretinal surgery. Diabetic foot lesions are best treated by revascularization if needed, off-loading, infection control and therapeutic adjuncts (e.g. special dressings). Treatment should ideally be offered by a multidisciplinary expert team. Prevention and early detection, along with adequate control of glucose, lipids and arterial hypertension are of paramount importance to avoid and mitigate these fearful complications.

Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Dagogo-Jack
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Risk Of Death

The long-term complications of diabetes mellitus include retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy can result in loss of vision; nephropathy may lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD); and neuropathy poses the risk of foot ulcers, amputation, Charcot joints, sexual dysfunction, and potentially disabling dysfunction of the stomach, bowel, and bladder. Hyperglycemia sufficient to cause pathologic and functional changes in target tissues may be present for some time before clinical symptoms lead to a diagnosis of diabetes, especially in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetic patients are also at increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular, peripheral vascular, and cerebrovascular disease. These conditions may be related to hyperglycemia, as well as to the hypertension and abnormal lipoprotein profiles that are often found in diabetic patients. Prevention of these complications is a major goal of current therapeutic policy and recommendations for all but transient forms of diabetes. This chapter describes the pathogenesis, screening, prevention, and treatment of diabetic complications, as well as the management of hyperglycemia in the hospitalized patient. Figures illustrate the pathways that link high blood glucose levels to microvascular and macrovascular complications; fundus abnormalities in diabetic retinopathy; the natural history of nephropathy in type 1 diabetes; cumulative incidence of first cardiovascular events, stroke, or death from cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes; the effect of intensive glycemic therapy on the risk of myocardial infarction, major cardiovascular event, or cardiovascular death in patients with type 2 diabetes; and risk of death in patients with type 2 diabetes who receive intensive therapy of multiple risk factors or conventional therapy. Tables describe screening schedules for diabetic complications in adults, foot care recommendations for patients with diabetes, and comparison of major trials of intensive glucose control. This chapter has 238 references.

scholarly journals Ocular Complications of Diabetes Mellitus Except for Diabetic Retinopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Chantal Makita ◽  
Charles Géraud Fredy Nganga Ngabou ◽  
Eyissa Nzi Gombé ◽  
Reinette Messe Ambia Koulimaya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Ocular Complications ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes

scholarly journals Deep Learning untuk Klasifikasi Diabetic Retinopathy menggunakan Model EfficientNet

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 693
Author(s):  
SYAMSUL RIZAL ◽  
NUR IBRAHIM ◽  
NOR KUMALASARI CAESAR PRATIWI ◽  
SOFIA SAIDAH ◽  
RADEN YUNENDAH NUR FU’ADAH
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Keywords Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Melitus ◽  
Learning By Using

ABSTRAKDiabetic Retinopathy merupakan penyakit yang dapat mengakibatkan kebutaan mata yang disebabkan oleh adanya komplikasi penyakit diabetes melitus. Oleh karena itu mendeteksi secara dini sangat diperlukan untuk mencegah bertambah parahnya penyakit tersebut. Penelitian ini merancang sebuah sistem yang dapat mendeteksi Diabetic Retinopathy berbasis Deep Learning dengan menggunakan Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). EfficientNet model digunakan untuk melatih dataset yang telah di pre-prosesing sebelumnya. Hasil dari penelitian tersebut didapatkan akurasi sebesar 79.8% yang dapat mengklasifikasi 5 level penyakit Diabetic Retinopathy.Kata kunci: Diabetic Retinopathy, Deep Learning, CNN, EfficientNet, Diabetic Classification ABSTRACTDiabetic Retinopathy is a diseases which can cause blindness in the eyes because of the complications of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, an early detection for this diseases is very important to prevent the diseases become severe. This research builds the system which can detect the Diabetic Retinopathy based on Deep Learning by using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). EfficientNet model is used to trained the dataset which have been pre-prossed. The result shows that the system can clasiffy the 5 level of Diabetic Retinopathy with accuracy 79.8%. Keywords: Diabetic Retinopathy, Deep Learning, CNN, EfficientNet, Diabetic Classification

scholarly journals Sauchinone inhibits high glucose-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (30) ◽  
pp. 17065-17071
Author(s):  
Yang Shi ◽  
Yongzhou Zhang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Chenjun Tong
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Pigment Epithelial Cells

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and results in acquired blindness among working-age adults.

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