scholarly journals Generation and Applications of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengzhu Zhao ◽  
Makoto Ikeya
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Number Of Publications

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells with fibroblast-like morphology and isolated from the bone marrow via plastic adhesion. Their multipotency and immunoregulatory properties make MSCs possible therapeutic agents, and an increasing number of publications and clinical trials have highlighted their potential in regenerative medicine. However, the finite proliferative capacity of MSCs limits their scalability and global dissemination as a standardized therapeutic product. Furthermore, adult tissue provenance could constrain accessibility, impinge on cellular potency, and incur greater exposure to disease-causing pathogens based on the donor. These issues could be circumvented by the derivation of MSCs from pluripotent stem cells. In this paper, we review methods that induce and characterize MSCs derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and introduce MSC applications to disease modeling, pathogenic mechanisms, and drug discovery. We also discuss the potential applications of MSCs in regenerative medicine including cell-based therapies and issues that should be overcome before iPSC-derived MSC therapy will be applied in the clinic.

scholarly journals Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Dental and Nondental Tissue Regeneration: A Review of an Unexploited Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israa Ahmed Radwan ◽  
Dina Rady ◽  
Marwa M. S. Abbass ◽  
Sara El Moshy ◽  
Nermeen AbuBakr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Cell-based therapies currently represent the state of art for tissue regenerative treatment approaches for various diseases and disorders. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), reprogrammed from adult somatic cells, using vectors carrying definite transcription factors, have manifested a breakthrough in regenerative medicine, relying on their pluripotent nature and ease of generation in large amounts from various dental and nondental tissues. In addition to their potential applications in regenerative medicine and dentistry, iPSCs can also be used in disease modeling and drug testing for personalized medicine. The current review discusses various techniques for the production of iPSC-derived osteogenic and odontogenic progenitors, the therapeutic applications of iPSCs, and their regenerative potential in vivo and in vitro. Through the present review, we aim to explore the potential applications of iPSCs in dental and nondental tissue regeneration and to highlight different protocols used for the generation of different tissues and cell lines from iPSCs.

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine and Disease Modeling

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Walmsley ◽  
Jeong Hyun ◽  
Adrian McArdle ◽  
Kshemendra Senarath-Yapa ◽  
Michael Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

scholarly journals Are Mesenchymal Cells Indeed Pluripotent Stem Cells or Just Stromal Cells? OCT-4 and VSELs Biology Has Led to Better Understanding

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa Bhartiya
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Immune Rejection ◽  
Adult Body ◽  
Teratoma Formation ◽  
Two Populations

Stem cells have excited researchers because of their potential to regenerate. However, which stem cells will be the best candidate for regenerative medicine remains an enigma. Compared to pluripotent stem cells with associated risks of immune rejection and teratoma formation, adult stem cells especially the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are hyped to be a suitable alternate since they also exhibit pluripotent properties. This review shows that there is a subpopulation of pluripotent very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) among MSCs culture. The two populations differ from each other in expression pattern of OCT-4. VSELs exhibit nuclear OCT-4A, whereas the MSCs have cytoplasmic OCT-4B, similar to our earlier findings in testis and ovary. Pluripotent VSELs with nuclear OCT-4A exist in various adult body organs, and the immediate progenitors express cytoplasmic OCT-4B which is eventually lost as the cell differentiates further. To conclude it is essential to discriminate between nuclear and cytoplasmic OCT-4 expression and also to acknowledge the presence of VSELs.

scholarly journals Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Show Comparable Functionality to Their Autologous Origin

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Mark Jakob ◽  
Mario Hambrecht ◽  
Jennifer L. Spiegel ◽  
Julia Kitz ◽  
Martin Canis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Clonogenic Potential ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

A multimodal therapeutic approach involving radiotherapy is required when treating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. However, radiotherapy is restricted due to its high risk for damages to the surrounding healthy tissue of the treated area. Tissue regeneration and wound healing is promoted by the survival and regenerative capacities of tissue-resident or invading stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit a promising therapeutic potential in the field of cell-based tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their immunomodulatory properties and differentiation capacity. However, the generation of MSCs for therapeutic applications is still a major challenge. We aimed to produce highly homogeneous induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iP-MSCs) in an autologous manner from initially isolated human mucosa mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) of the upper respiratory tract. Therefore, mMSCs were reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by non-integrative chromosomal technologies and differentiated into corresponding iP-MSCs. We demonstrated that mMSCs and iP-MSCs show similar cell characteristics in terms of morphology, clonogenic potential, differentiation, and surface phenotype. Moreover, iP-MSCs demonstrated related immunosuppressive capacity as mMSCs including the secretion of cytokines, and T cell inhibition. Therefore, generating iP-MSCs in an autologous manner may be a novel personalized treatment option in regenerative medicine.

scholarly journals Non-integrating Methods to Produce Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine: An Overview

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Immacolata Belviso ◽  
Veronica Romano ◽  
Daria Nurzynska ◽  
Clotilde Castaldo ◽  
Franca Di Meglio
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Induced Pluripotent Stem cells (iPSC) are adult somatic cells genetically reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell-like state. Due to their autologous origin from adult somatic cells, iPSCs are considered a tremendously valuable tool for regenerative medicine, disease modeling, drug discovery and testing. iPSCs were first obtained by introducing specific transcription factors through retroviral transfection. However, cell reprogramming obtained by integrating methods prevent clinical application of iPSC because of potential risk for infection, teratomas and genomic instability. Therefore, several integration-free alternate methods have been developed and tested thus far to overcome safety issues. The present chapter provides an overview and a critical analysis of advantages and disadvantages of non-integrating methods used to generate iPSCs.

scholarly journals Myocardial Reprogramming Medicine: The Development, Application, and Challenge of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Yigang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Somatic Cell Reprogramming ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Ipsc Generation ◽  
Cardiovascular Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be generated by reprogramming of adult/somatic cells. The somatic cell reprogramming technology offers a promising strategy for patient-specific cardiac regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and drug discovery. iPSCs are an ideal potential option for an autologous cell source, as compared to other stem/progenitor cells, because they can be propagated indefinitely and are able to generate a large number of functional cardiovascular cells. However, there are concerns about the specificity, efficiency, immunogenicity, and safety of iPSCs which are major challenges in current translational studies. In order to bring iPSC technology closer to clinical use, fundamental changes in this technique are required to ensure that therapeutic progenies are functional and nontumorigenic. It is therefore critical to understand and investigate the biology, genetic, and epigenetic mechanisms of iPSCs generation and differentiation. In this spotlight paper the discovery, history, and relative mechanisms of iPSC generation are summarized. The current technological improvements and potential applications are highlighted along with the important challenges and perspectives. Finally, emerging technologies are presented in which improvements to iPSC generation and differentiation approaches might warrant further investigation, such as integration-free approaches, direct reprogramming, and the development of iPSC banking.

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