scholarly journals Rechargeable Na-CO2 Batteries Starting from Cathode of Na2CO3 and Carbon Nanotubes

Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianchao Sun ◽  
Yong Lu ◽  
Hao Yang ◽  
Mo Han ◽  
Lianyi Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Effective Electron ◽  
Charging Mechanism

Na-CO2 batteries have attracted significant attentions due to their high energy density and effective utilization of greenhouse gas CO2. However, all reported Na-CO2 batteries employ excessive preloaded metal Na, which will lead to safety issues such as dendrite formation and short circuit. In addition, the charging mechanism of reported Na-CO2 batteries is not very clear. Here we report the Na-CO2 batteries, starting from the cathode of cheap Na2CO3 and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Due to the effective electron transfer and high reactivity, the decomposition of Na2CO3 and CNTs could take place under 3.8 V. The charging mechanism of 2Na2CO3 + C → 4Na + 3CO2 without any side reactions is revealed by in/ex situ techniques such as Raman, gas chromatograph, and optical microscope. Dendrite-free Na can quantitatively deposit on the Super P/Al anode because of large specific surface area and low nucleation barrier of the anode for Na plating. The batteries could deliver an energy density of 183 Wh kg−1 (based on the whole mass of the pouch-type batteries, 4 g) with stable cycling performance. This work reveals that safe rechargeable Na-CO2 batteries could be constructed by cheap Na2CO3 and multiwalled carbon nanotubes.

scholarly journals Effect of Ionic Polymer Membrane with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on the Mechanical Performance of Ionic Electroactive Polymer Actuators

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 396
Author(s):  
Joohee Kim ◽  
Minjeong Park ◽  
Seonpil Kim ◽  
Minhyon Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Polymer Membrane ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Electroactive Polymer ◽  
Nafion Membrane ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Ionic Polymer

Ionic electroactive polymer (IEAP) actuators have received interest because of their advantageous properties, including their large displacement, high energy density, light weight, and low power consumption under a low electric field. However, they have a low blocking force under driving, and it is difficult to control the thickness of the ionic polymer membrane. In this study, an IEAP actuator is fabricated using a Nafion membrane with added multiwalled carbon nanotubes to increase the blocking force. A heat press two-step process is also developed to produce a constant and uniform membrane. The fabricated Nafion membrane with 0.2 wt% multiwalled carbon nanotubes has the largest displacement and highest blocking force. As a result, the developed heat press two-step method can be used in various polymer-casting fields, and the fabricated carbon nanotube-based IEAP actuators can serve as useful references in fields such as flexible robotics and artificial muscles.

On the Use of Carbon Nanotubes in Prototyping the High Energy Density Li‐ion Batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2000146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipp Napolskiy ◽  
Mikhail Avdeev ◽  
Meir Yerdauletov ◽  
Oleksandr Ivankov ◽  
Svetlana Bocharova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Li Ion

scholarly journals Effect of Increasing the Strength of Aluminum Matrix Nanocomposites Reinforced with Microadditions of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Coated with TiC Nanoparticles

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artemiy Aborkin ◽  
Kirill Khorkov ◽  
Evgeny Prusov ◽  
Anatoly Ob’edkov ◽  
Kirill Kremlev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Tic Nanoparticles ◽  
Matrix Nanocomposites

Aluminum matrix composites reinforced with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are promising materials for applications in various high-tech industries. Control over the processes of interfacial interaction in Al/MWCNT composites is important to achieve a high level of mechanical properties. The present study describes the effects of coating MWCNTs with titanium carbide nanoparticles on the formation of mechanical properties and the evolution of the reinforcement structure in bulk aluminum matrix nanocomposites with low concentrations of MWCNTs under conditions of solid-phase consolidation of ball-milled powder mixtures. Using high-energy ball milling and uniaxial hot pressing, two types of bulk nanocomposites based on aluminum alloy AA5049 that were reinforced with microadditions of MWCNTs and MWCNTs coated with TiC nanoparticles were successfully produced. The microstructural and mechanical properties of the Al/MWCNT composites were investigated. The results showed that, on the one hand, the TiC nanoparticles on the surface of the MWCNT hybrid reinforcement reduced the damage of reinforcement under the intense exposure of milling bodies, and on the other hand, they reduced the contact area of the MWCNTs with the matrix material (acting as a barrier interface), which also locally inhibited the reaction between the matrix and the MWCNTs.

scholarly journals Effect of Aluminum Oxide on the Performance of Ionic Liquid-Based Aluminum–Air Battery

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2014
Author(s):  
Christopher Welch ◽  
Abdul Kaleem Mohammad ◽  
Narayan S. Hosmane ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Kyu Taek Cho
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Film ◽  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Electrochemical Reaction ◽  
Porous Electrode ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Cathode Side ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Imidazolium Chloride

The aluminum–air (or oxygen) battery has received intense attention in the past because of its excellent benefits such as low cost and high energy density, but due to the challenging issues such as hydrogen evolution and inactive oxide film formation on the Al surface, it could not be fully applied. In this study, 1-Ethyl 3-Methyl Imidazolium Chloride ([EmIm]Cl) and aluminum chloride (AlCl3) are applied to resolve the aforementioned issues. Ex situ component-level and in situ cell-level open circuit voltage (OCV) tests combined with the physics-based model analyses were conducted to investigate the electrochemical reaction behaviors of the Al–air cell. Especially, the effect of aluminum oxide formation on the anode- and cathode-side reactions were analyzed in detail. The oxide film formed at the Al surface strongly was found to significantly impede the electrochemical reaction at the surface, and the film growth was controlled by decreasing the surface tension by aggressive anions. In the cathode side, the aluminum oxide precipitated in the porous cathode electrode was found to decrease the porous reaction area and block reactant access into the reaction sites. The effects of O2 solubility in the electrolyte, initial porosity and thickness of the porous electrode are compared in detailed, and optimal thickness is suggested.

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