scholarly journals Body Image of Highly Trained Female Athletes Engaged in Different Types of Sport

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Kantanista ◽  
Agata Glapa ◽  
Adrianna Banio ◽  
Wiesław Firek ◽  
Anna Ingarden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Young Female ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sports Clubs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sporting Activities ◽  
High Level ◽  
Training Background

Background. The aim of the study was to evaluate differences in body image across different types of sports in highly trained female athletes. Methods. 242 female individuals, aged 13–30 years (M=20.0, SD = 4.5), representing aesthetic sports (n=56) and nonaesthetic sports (n=186), were recruited from different sports clubs in Poland. Body image, BMI, age, the level of competition attained, and the training background of participants were recorded. Results. One-way ANOVA showed differences in the body image of athletes engaged in different types of sport (F(11,230)=4.10, p<0.001, and η2=0.16). The model predicting the body image of female athletes was significant (F(5,236)=10.40, p<0.001); the adjusted R2=0.163. Type of sport explained 7.1% (β=–0.263, p<0.001), age explained 4.5% (β=0.341,p<0.001), BMI explained 3.6% (β=–0.230,p<0.001), and level of competition explained 0.9% (β=0.153, p<0.05) of variance in body image. Conclusions. The findings provide vital new knowledge which can be used by researchers and practitioners in designing educational programs on weight-related behaviors in female athletes. Such programs should be implemented especially in young female athletes participating in high-level sporting activities at an early stage.

scholarly journals Olanzapine-high potency antipsychotic drug inducing significant weight gain: A case report

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 284-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadja Maric ◽  
Dragana Josifovic-Kostic ◽  
Olivera Vukovic ◽  
Dubravka Britvic ◽  
Miroslava Jasovic-Gasic
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Young Female ◽  
The Body ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Significant Weight Gain ◽  
High Level

INTRODUCTION Olanzapine is a second generation antipsychotic (SGA) with a high level of therapeutic effectiveness in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Along with the positive therapeutic effects, an increase of the body weight frequently occurs. According to the literature, the average weight gain is about 6-7 kg during several months of treatment. This could be valued as a moderate weight increase. CASE OUTLINE This article presents a case of a young female with schizophrenia, without clinical improvement with several antipsychotics (clozapine, risperidone, haloperidol) and with the occurrence of significant neurological side effects. The treatment started with olanzapine (baseline) was associated with good initial response (PANSS reduction 20% in the first two weeks) and the improvement was maintained further on (PANSS reduction 50% after 16 weeks). Significant increase (20 kg, 40%) in weight appeared during the following 16 weeks (BMI at baseline 17.9 kg/m2; BMI 16 weeks later 25.1 kg/m2). CONCLUSION High effectiveness of olanzapine in schizophrenia symptoms reduction was accompanied by a significant weight gain. However, this drug leads to impaired glucoregulation, dyslipidaemia etc. It also increases the risk of diabetes and cardio-vascular diseases, i.e. the main causes of mortality in schizophrenia after a suicide. Therefore, clinicians are suggested to focus on possible predictors of weight gain during olanzapine therapy, and act accordingly in order to prevent serious health consequences.

The role of parenting and parental criticism on the body image and alexithymia during adulthood and emerging adulthood

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 630-647
Author(s):  
Pellerone Monica ◽  
Torvisco Juan Martinez ◽  
Scaduto Elena Velianna ◽  
Pistillo Maria
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Parental Criticism ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
Paternal Control ◽  
High Level

Literature underline that the perception of parents as strongly critical can influence the tendency to self-criticize and, as a consequence, to be more vulnerable in manifesting problems in the developmental and adulthood age, such as the risk of dropouts and relapses in the eating disorders, negative results in the worsening of anxiety disorders, the possible presence of alexithymia or obsessive compulsive disorder. The purposes of the present study was to investigate the possible influence of parenting style and parental criticism on both the body image construct (body care, body protection, and comfort in touch) and the possible presence of alexithymia in a group of Italian adolescents and adults. The present study was conducted on a group of 140 subjects, aged between 19 and 36 (M = 24.71; SD = 5.11), of which 59 men (42.1%) and 81 women (57.9%). The participants were assigned to complete the following questionnaires: Parental Bonding Instrument, Twenty-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Perceived Criticism Inventory, and Body Checking Questionnaire. The results of this study support the research hypothesis that low age, a high level of paternal control and parental criticism can predict a high level of difficulty in communicating feelings. Furthermore, the importance attributed to appearance can be predicted by multiple variables, such as gender, age, mother care, father control and parental hypercriticism.

The Effects of Teasing in Childhood or Adolescence on Young Adults' Body Image

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera X. Liang ◽  
Alun C. Jackson ◽  
Vicki L. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Appearance Satisfaction ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Specific Impact

This study examined the specific impact of remembered childhood and adolescent teasing on different dimensions of body image in young adults. A total of 113 participants (43 men and 70 women) indicated that they had been teased about their weight or appearance. The results revealed that the frequency of being teased about one's appearance was the only significant predictor of appearance satisfaction in women. Overweight preoccupation was not predicted by weight or appearance teasing. For men, the perceived distress of appearance and weight-related teasing predicted appearance satisfaction and overweight preoccupation respectively. The results suggest that different types of teasing can have differential impacts on the body image of young men and women. The results identify the need for prevention and intervention programs to address the problem of teasing in late primary and early high school children.

scholarly journals Learning Techniques for Pre-Malignancy Detection in Human Cells a Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 555-561
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
The Body ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rate ◽  
The Past ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Premalignant Disease

Cancer is uncontrolled cell growth which starts consuming cell nourishment and keeps on multiplying indefinably. There are 100 plus different types of cancers that may affect any part of the body. In the past 26 years, the cancer incidence rate has been changed drastically in India. To control it early-stage detection of cancer plays a very important role. Early-stage detection of cancer helps in better diagnosis will also lower the chances of dying due to this deadly disease. It will impact considerably on the patient’s recovery when it is more treatable. Early Cancer detection or premalignant disease detection in the human body is possible through screening tests. Several screening methods have been tested, applied and proven to be very much efficient in reducing death rate due to cancer. This paper survey’s how learning techniques can be efficiently applied, tested and showed promising results in early-stage cancer detection through several screening methods.

scholarly journals DO TRAINING REGIMEN AND COMPETITIVE LEVEL AFFECT BODY IMAGE DISSATISFACTION (LEANNESS AND MUSCLE TONE) IN FEMALE ATHLETES?

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-427
Author(s):  
Leonardo de Sousa Fortes ◽  
Sebastião Sousa Almeida ◽  
Maria Elisa Caputo Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Drive For Muscularity ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Study Case ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Introduction Studies that seek analyze the relationship between sport variables and body image are importants, because indicate if the competitive sport environment influence on body feelings of athlete. Objective To analyze the relationship between sports variables (training regimen and competitive level) and dissatisfaction in regard to leanness and muscle tone in female athletes. Methods One hundred and eighty female athletes aged over 12 years from various sport disciplines participated in the study. We used the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) to assess dissatisfaction in regard to leanness. The dissatisfaction subscale of Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS) was used to evaluate dissatisfaction with muscle tone. Training regimen (frequency x daily hours of training) and competitive level were acquired through a questionnaire developed by the actual investigators. Results The findings indicated a statistically significant relationship between the training regimen (F(1, 179)=4.01; p=0.047) and competitive level (F(2, 178)=3.59; p=0.031) and the BSQ scores. Moreover, the results indicated a statistically significant relationship between the training regimen (F(1, 179)=4.01; p=0.047) and the competitive level (F(2, 178)=3.59; p=0.031), with DMS dissatisfaction subscale scores. Conclusion Sports variables (training regimen and competitive level) were related to dissatisfaction in regard to leanness and muscle tone, although they demonstrated different magnitudes. Level of evidence III; study case-control.

scholarly journals Fad Diets, Body Image, Nutritional Status, and Nutritional Adequacy of Female Models in Malang City

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mutiara Vidianinggar ◽  
Trias. Mahmudiono ◽  
Dominikus Atmaka
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nutritional Adequacy ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Run ◽  
High Level

Female model has a variety of body image and experiences social pressure to have low weight. Thus, there is a desire to lose weight with a variety of efforts, such as fad diets. This type of diet can lead to insufficient intake of nutrients in the body and increase the risk of health problems in the long run. The research aimed to analyze fad diets, nutritional status, and nutritional adequacy of female models in Malang. The research design was cross-sectional in 52 female models aged 18–25 years who were selected by simple random sampling. The data of fad diets used in the questionnaire, nutritional status data using the calculation of the last body weight and height, and nutritional adequacy were measured using 2 × 24 hour food recall. Data analysis used the chi-square test. The results of this research showed that most respondents implement fad diets (69%), had negative body image (62%), had a skinny at high level (22%), skinny at mild level (44%), and normal (33%) of nutritional status, and had inadequate nutritional adequacy (77%). There was a significant ( p = 0.023 ) correlation between fad diets and nutritional adequacy (r = 0.369), and in addition, there was a significant correlation ( p = 0.041 ) between nutritional status and nutritional adequacy (r = 0.35). It is concluded that the female models who implemented fad diets and nutritional status below normal tended to not have adequate levels of nutritional adequacy because of improper food selection and psychological factors. Female models are expected to be able to conduct weight loss with the assistance of a nutritionist or in accordance with balanced nutrition guidelines.

Unilateral body neglect: schemas versus images?

2021 ◽  
pp. 244-266
Author(s):  
Laurence Havé ◽  
Anne-Emmanuelle Priot ◽  
Laure Pisella ◽  
Gilles Rode ◽  
Yves Rossetti
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Body Schema ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spatial Neglect ◽  
Unilateral Spatial Neglect ◽  
Neurological Condition ◽  
Puzzling Aspect ◽  
Image Schema ◽  
High Level

Unilateral spatial neglect has been extensively described for visual and representational manifestations but tactile and motor manifestations as well as body neglect point to bodily manifestations of this neurological condition. This chapter reviews the perceptual, motoric and high-level representational symptoms manifested in neglect patients and attempt to classify them according to the body image/schema framework. One puzzling aspect of the wide spectrum of body neglect symptoms is that physiological bottom-up maneuvers, such as prism adaptation, which act at the level of body schema, do also efficiently improve body image manifestations of neglect. This relationship allows us to elaborate on the dialectical relationships between body image and body schema. Thus, understanding body neglect in terms of diagnosis, evaluation, physiopathology and therapeutics through the dynamical interactions between body schema and body neglect, provide perspectives to manage other lateralized body troubles, neglect-like manifestations of bodily attention or distorted representations.

scholarly journals The Influence of Different Training Conditions on the Kinematics of Long Jump-Specific Exercise in Young Female Jumpers

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-246
Author(s):  
Hubert Makaruk ◽  
Andrzej Mastalerz ◽  
Marcin Starzak ◽  
Mariusz Buszta
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Young Female ◽  
The Body ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Training Conditions ◽  
System A ◽  
Movement Characteristics ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Key Variables

Abstract Introduction. This study examined the changes in the kinematic parameters of long jump-specific technical exercise performed in different training conditions. Material and methods. The study involved a group of young female athletes who volunteered to participate in the research. The key variables for long jump performance were measured using the Xsens MVN system. A three-way ANOVA (general linear model with repeated measures; factors: surface × hurdle × number of jumps) was used to determine if significant differences existed between the testing conditions. Results. The main finding of this study was that the tartan surface resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) greater velocities of the centre of mass of the body (CM) or parts of the athlete’s body than the grass surface. The second important finding was that the hurdles condition provided significantly (p < 0.05) greater velocity of the CM when landing and shorter contact time compared to the condition without hurdles. Conclusions. The findings of the study indicate that technical exercise should be performed on harder surfaces such as a tartan track rather than softer ones (e.g. grass) due to more beneficial movement characteristics and greater potential for the automaticity of movement during specific training tasks.

An Investigation of Body Image in Athletes With Physical Disabilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Galli ◽  
Justine J. Reel ◽  
Hester Henderson ◽  
Nicole Detling
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Body Esteem ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Personal Significance

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to explore the body image of athletes with physical disabilities, and (b) to understand how sport influences body image among these athletes. We interviewed 20 male and female athletes (Mage = 34.25, SD = 8.49) from a variety of sports regarding their body image and the role of sport in influencing body image. A thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006) was used to generate six themes: (a) personal significance of injury and disability, (b) noncentrality of the body and disability, (c) positive influence of sport on body esteem, (d) social factors influencing body-related emotions and perceptions, (e) body critiques and preferences, and (f) positive thoughts and emotions about the body. Sport seemed to be an important vehicle for experiencing body-related pride, and athletes expressed an intimate connection with the body parts that enabled them to physically compete.

The effects of different types of hair shaving on the body image and surgical site infection in elective cranial surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 1876-1885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulsah Kose ◽  
Sevinc Tastan ◽  
Murat Kutlay ◽  
Orhan Bedir
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
The Body ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cranial Surgery ◽  
Different Types
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