The effects of different types of hair shaving on the body image and surgical site infection in elective cranial surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 1876-1885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulsah Kose ◽  
Sevinc Tastan ◽  
Murat Kutlay ◽  
Orhan Bedir
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
The Body ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cranial Surgery ◽  
Different Types

The Effects of Teasing in Childhood or Adolescence on Young Adults' Body Image

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera X. Liang ◽  
Alun C. Jackson ◽  
Vicki L. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Appearance Satisfaction ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Specific Impact

This study examined the specific impact of remembered childhood and adolescent teasing on different dimensions of body image in young adults. A total of 113 participants (43 men and 70 women) indicated that they had been teased about their weight or appearance. The results revealed that the frequency of being teased about one's appearance was the only significant predictor of appearance satisfaction in women. Overweight preoccupation was not predicted by weight or appearance teasing. For men, the perceived distress of appearance and weight-related teasing predicted appearance satisfaction and overweight preoccupation respectively. The results suggest that different types of teasing can have differential impacts on the body image of young men and women. The results identify the need for prevention and intervention programs to address the problem of teasing in late primary and early high school children.

Clinical impact of obesity-related factors in perioperative management of esophageal cancer.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 39-39
Author(s):  
HIROYA TAKEUCHI ◽  
Yuji Kikuchi ◽  
Hirofumi Kawakubo ◽  
Koichi Suda ◽  
Yuko Kitagawa
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Anastomotic Leakage ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Bmi

39 Background: Obese patients with esophageal cancer have been increasing worldwide. However, the impact of obesity on esophagectomy still remains controversial. In this study, we clarified the relations between obesity and postoperative outcomes after esophagectomy in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods: A total of 215 patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal cancer between 2008 and 2014 were retrospectively assessed. We qualified the body mass index (BMI), visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) using CYNAPSE VINCENT™. Clincopathological factors, postoperative morbidity, and survival after esophagectomy were assessed with these obesity-related factors. Results: The mean BMI, VFA, and SFA were 22.0 kg/m², 83.0cm², and 87.3cm². BMI, VFA and SFA were significantly correlated each other (P < 0.001). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension were significantly more in high SFA than normal SFA (20% vs 10%, 30% vs 14%). When the patients were divided to two groups according to BMI (< 25 or ≥25kg/m²), VFA ( < 100 or ≥100cm²) and SFA ( < 100 or ≥100cm²), operative time was significantly longer in high SFA (P = 0.03) than normal SFA, and tended to be longer in high BMI, but blood loss were similar in each groups. Maximum level of postoperative CRP was significantly higher in high BMI (P < 0.001), in high VFA (P < 0.001), and in high SFA (P < 0.001). Length of systemic inflammatory response syndrome was significantly longer in high BMI than normal BMI (1.9 days vs 1.4 days P = 0.04), and length of ventilator support was significantly longer in high SFA than normal SFA (3.0 days vs 2.2 days P = 0.006). The incidence of anastomotic leakage and surgical site infection were significantly higher in high SFA than normal SFA (27% vs 10%, 37% vs 19%). There were no significant difference in overall survival, however, patients in high VFA tended to be longer survival than those in normal VFA (P = 0.078). Conclusions: Anastomotic leakage and surgical site infection occurred more frequently in high SFA. It might be useful to examine SFA preoperatively in obese patients with esophageal cancer for prevention of postoperative complications. Patients in high VFA tended to be longer survival than those in normal VFA.

Antibiotic prophylaxis for subdural and subgaleal drains

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 908-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariane Lewis ◽  
Rajeev Sen ◽  
Travis C. Hill ◽  
Herbert James ◽  
Jessica Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cranial Surgery ◽  
Systemic Antibiotics ◽  
Retrospective Database

OBJECTIVE The authors sought to determine the effects of eliminating the use of prolonged prophylactic systemic antibiotics (PPSAs) in patients with subdural and subgaleal drains. METHODS Using a retrospective database, the authors collected data for patients over the age of 17 years who had undergone cranial surgery at their institution between December 2013 and July 2014 (PPSAs period) or between December 2014 and July 2015 (non-PPSAs period) and had subdural or subgaleal drains left in place postoperatively. RESULTS One hundred five patients in the PPSAs period and 80 in the non-PPSAs period were identified. The discontinuation of PPSAs did not result in an increase in the frequency of surgical site infection (SSI). The frequency of Clostridium difficile (CDI) and the growth of resistant bacteria were reduced in the non-PPSAs period in comparison with the PPSAs period. In the 8 months after the drain prophylaxis protocol was changed, $93,194.63 were saved in the costs of antibiotics and complications related to antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS After discontinuing PPSAs for patients with subdural or subgaleal drains at their institution, the authors did not observe an increase in the frequency of SSI. They did, however, note a decrease in the frequency of CDI and the growth of resistant organisms. It appears that not only can patients in this population do without PPSAs, but also that complications are avoided when antibiotic use is limited to 24 hours after surgery.

scholarly journals Pattern of Perioperative Antibiotic Use in Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at Third Referral Hospital In Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Nabilah Puspa Utami ◽  
Dyah Fauziah ◽  
Muhtarum Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Operative Procedure ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perioperative Antibiotics

Introduction: Surgical site infection (SSI) often occurs in operation. SSI frequently only affects the superficial tissues, but some more serious infections can affect the deeper tissues or other parts of the body. The majority of SSIs become apparent within 30 days of an operative procedure, when a prosthetic implant is used, SSI may occur several months after the operation. To minimize surgical site infection occurrence, prophylaxis antibiotic is often used. The aim of the study is to evaluate the use of perioperative antibiotics for otorhinolaryngology surgery in third referral hospital in Surabaya.Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional method through the medical record of patients cases from December 2017 to January 2018. All data about sex, age, diagnosis, wound classification, surgical intervention including ICD 9 CM codes, and antibiotics regiments are presented descriptively.Results: Of total 68 patients, 42 (61.8%) were male and 46 (61.8%) were aged 18-65 years old. The most common type of operation was clean surgery 52 (76.5%). The most common prophylactic antibiotic was cefazoline 25 (96.6%). Conclusion: Most of the performed surgery was clean surgery. The use of perioperative antibiotics in most performed operations was in accordance with existing literature. The most widely used prophylactic and therapeutic antibiotic was cefazoline and ceftriaxone, respectively. Further research about risk factor of SSI, the use of prophylaxis antibiotic, and bacterial profile with more samples is needed for more accurate results.

scholarly journals Scalp flora in Indian patients undergoing craniotomy for brain tumors – Implications for pre-surgical site preparation and surgical site infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 028-032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh Sumukhi ◽  
Prakash Shetty ◽  
Sanjay Biswas ◽  
Rohini Kelkar ◽  
Aliasgar Moiyadi
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cranial Surgery ◽  
Indian Patients ◽  
Objective Evidence ◽  
Neurosurgical Patients ◽  
A Prospective Study

AbstractCausation of surgical site infection (SSI) following craniotomy is multifactorial. Most preventive strategies (including site preparation and antibiotic prophylaxis) revolve around reducing preoperative contamination of the local site. There is little evidence, however, linking site contamination with postoperative infections. This is important given the preference for performing non-shaved cranial surgery. We undertook a prospective study to document the scalp flora in neurosurgical patients in an Indian setting and to assess possible association with SSI.A prospective study recruited 45 patients undergoing non-shaved clean craniotomies for various brain tumors. Standard perioperative procedures and antibiotic policy were employed. Prior to and immediately following the pre-surgical scrubbing, we collected swabs and evaluated their growth qualitatively. SSI was documented adhering to CDC guidelines. The association of swab-positivity with various parameters (including SSI) was evaluated.Pre-scrub positivity was seen in 18 of 44 patients, three of them developed subsequent SSI. Most were known skin contaminants. Five patients had swab positivity after scrubbing, though none of these developed any SSI. Four of these five had pre-scrub positivity. In three the same organisms persisted (two being Staphylococcus aureus), and one had different growth post-scrub, whereas one patient developed new growth (contaminant mycelial fungus) in the post-scrub swab. We did not find any association between swab positivity and SSI. Swab positivity was also not related to hair-length or hygiene.Scalp flora in Indian patients is similar to that described. Pre-surgical preparation does not always eliminate this contamination (especially staphylococcus). However, this does not necessarily translate into increased SSI. Moreover, the results also provide objective evidence to support the performance of non-shaved cranial surgery without an undue risk of SSI.

scholarly journals Body Image of Highly Trained Female Athletes Engaged in Different Types of Sport

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Kantanista ◽  
Agata Glapa ◽  
Adrianna Banio ◽  
Wiesław Firek ◽  
Anna Ingarden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Young Female ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sports Clubs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sporting Activities ◽  
High Level ◽  
Training Background

Background. The aim of the study was to evaluate differences in body image across different types of sports in highly trained female athletes. Methods. 242 female individuals, aged 13–30 years (M=20.0, SD = 4.5), representing aesthetic sports (n=56) and nonaesthetic sports (n=186), were recruited from different sports clubs in Poland. Body image, BMI, age, the level of competition attained, and the training background of participants were recorded. Results. One-way ANOVA showed differences in the body image of athletes engaged in different types of sport (F(11,230)=4.10, p<0.001, and η2=0.16). The model predicting the body image of female athletes was significant (F(5,236)=10.40, p<0.001); the adjusted R2=0.163. Type of sport explained 7.1% (β=–0.263, p<0.001), age explained 4.5% (β=0.341,p<0.001), BMI explained 3.6% (β=–0.230,p<0.001), and level of competition explained 0.9% (β=0.153, p<0.05) of variance in body image. Conclusions. The findings provide vital new knowledge which can be used by researchers and practitioners in designing educational programs on weight-related behaviors in female athletes. Such programs should be implemented especially in young female athletes participating in high-level sporting activities at an early stage.

scholarly journals Risk factors for surgical site infection after hysterectomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 355-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hale Göksever Çelik ◽  
Engin Çelik ◽  
Gökçe Turan ◽  
Kerem Doğa Seçkin ◽  
Ali Gedikbaşı
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Laparoscopic Hysterectomy ◽  
Total Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Operation Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: The aim of the study was to define the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients who had surgical site infection (SSI) after hysterectomy. Methodology: This study was a retrospective cohort study. The patient data of 840 subjects who had undergone any type of hysterectomy and reported SSI after surgery were obtained from the archives of a tertiary referral center. The different types of hysterectomy procedures performed on these patients included total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH), laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH), and vaginal hysterectomy (VH). In addition, age, body mass index (BMI), preoperative and postoperative blood parameters, gravidity, and parity were also documented. Results: TAH, LH, and VH were performed on 63.2% (n = 531), 21.6% (n = 181), and 15.2% (n = 128) of patients, respectively. Overall, SSIs were observed in 3.7% (n = 31) of all hysterectomy patients. Among them, 4.5% of TAH patients, 1.7% of LH patients, and 3.1% of VH patients had SSIs after the hysterectomy operation. Analysis of the data revealed that the patients with SSIs had significantly higher BMIs, lower preoperative hemoglobin, lower postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit, and higher postoperative platelet counts compared to patients who did not have any SSIs. Conclusions: High BMI, blood loss during surgery, low hematocrit levels, and resulting anemia increased the incidence of SSI after hysterectomy. Among the different types of hysterectomy, LH was found to be relatively better than TAH and VH in preventing the occurrence of SSI.

scholarly journals Body image in patients with different types of cancer

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260602
Author(s):  
Jan Brederecke ◽  
Anja Heise ◽  
Tanja Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
General Population ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Time Since Diagnosis

Background Cancer can cause physical changes and affect satisfaction with a persons’ physical appearance, which in turn can affect overall quality of life. Previous studies have primarily focused on women with breast cancer and few is known about body image in patients with other cancers and especially men. The present study compares satisfaction with body image of patients with different types of cancer with the general population and across sexes and identifies risk factors for diminished body image. Additionally, patients that were diagnosed within the last year and those living with cancer for longer are compared. Methods In this cross-sectional study, N = 531 cancer patients answered the German Self-Image Scale to assess body image. One sample t-tests are utilized to compare the body image of cancer patients with the general population. Stepwise regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with body image and ANOVAs with posthoc tests as well as t-tests were used to examine group differences. Results Cancer patients showed diminished body image compared to the general population. For men, higher relationship satisfaction and lower cancer-specific distress were associated with more positive body self-acceptance (SA), whereas younger age, higher relationship satisfaction, and lower cancer-specific distress resulted in better perceived partner-acceptance of one’s body (PA). In women, higher education, lower anxiety and cancer-specific distress were associated with more positive SA. Female cancer patients with breast/gynecological cancer reported better SA than those with visceral cancers. Higher relationship satisfaction and lower cancer-specific distress were found to be associated with more satisfactory PA in females. Time since diagnosis did not affect body image in this study. Conclusions Results indicate that cancer patients regardless of sex tend to have decreased body image satisfaction. Future research directions include examination of additional entities of cancer, deeper research in men and the role of time since diagnosis.

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