scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Eggs Subjected to the High Hydrostatic Pressure Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Gurgul ◽  
Klaudia Pawlina-Tyszko ◽  
Monika Bugno-Poniewierska ◽  
Tomasz Szmatoła ◽  
Igor Jasielczuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
High Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Rna Integrity ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Second Polar Body

High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) causes depolymerization of the spindle microtubules. HHP applied to fish eggs prevents extrusion of the second polar body and inhibits the first cell cleavage, and it is used to produce triploids and diploid gynogenetic and androgenetic individuals. HHP has been also found to affect biomolecules including nucleic acids, and it may be presumed that HHP administered to the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eggs disturbs cytoplasmic maternal RNA indispensable for the early embryogenesis. To verify this assumption, quality and quantity of RNA extracted from the rainbow trout eggs subjected to the high hydrostatic pressure shock were analyzed. Provided results exhibited that maternal transcriptome was resistant to a three-minute exposure to 65.5 MPa of HHP treatment. Some trend showing increase of the RNA integrity was observed in the HHP-treated eggs; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Alterations in the expression profiles in the rainbow trout eggs subjected to HHP were also negligible. Greater differences in the maternal gene expression were observed between eggs from different clutches than between HHP-treated and untreated eggs from the same clutch. It may be assumed that exposure to HHP shock was too short to modify significantly maternal transcripts in the rainbow trout eggs.

scholarly journals Application of The UV-Irradiated Homologous and Heterologous Sperm for Activa Tion of the Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Eggs and Production of the Gynogenetic Stocks

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 919-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Dobosz ◽  
Marta Dębowska ◽  
Janusz Krom ◽  
Małgorzata Jankun ◽  
Tomasz Zalewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Thymallus Thymallus ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Chromosome Arm ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Second Polar Body ◽  
Heterologous Sperm ◽  
Hatching Rates

Abstract Meiotic gynogenetic development of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) was induced in the course of egg activation performed by the UV-irradiated homologous and heterologous (European grayling Thymallus thymallus Linnaeus, 1758) spermatozoa. To recover diploidy in the gynogenetic zygotes, activated eggs were subjected to the high pressure shock in order to inhibit extrusion of the second polar body. Gynogenetic rainbow trout progeny hatched from the eggs activated by the irradiated rainbow trout and grayling milt with similar hatching rates of 28.19% and 29.22%, respectively. However, gynogenetic rainbow trout produced with grayling semen had shown lower survival than gynogenotes provided with the homologous spermatozoa during two years of rearing. Viable hybrids are not produced between rainbow trout and grayling which ensured that fish obtained in this experiment were true gynogenetic progenies. A Robertsonian polymorphism characteristic for the rainbow trout from the studied strain was also observed among the gynogenetic specimens that exhibited diploid chromosome number ranging from 58 to 62 and stable chromosome arm number (FN= 104). No radiation-induced fragments of the paternal chromosomes were observed in the gynogenetic individuals. Fish produced in both experimental variants were genotypic (XX) and phenotypic (gonads) females. The results confirmed that the gynogenetic protocol used in the present research is an efficient means of producing all-female gynogenetic rainbow trout stocks.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Canthaxanthin- and α-Tocopherol-Loaded Liposomes on Growth and Muscle Pigmentation of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Tran Quoc Toan ◽  
Viet Anh Dang ◽  
Quoc Long Pham ◽  
Phi Hung Nguyen ◽  
Thu Huong Trinh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Carotenoid Pigment ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Particle Size Characterization

Dietary inclusion of canthaxanthin, a common carotenoid pigment, has been long practiced in aquaculture to give the favorable flesh color in farmed salmonids. However, carotenoids are associated with limited solubility and poor physicochemical stability, and their dose in fish feed is widely regulated. In this study, we included canthaxanthin- and α-tocopherol-loaded liposomes into fish diets and evaluated the effects of supplemented fish feed on fish growth, color, nutrition, and canthaxanthin deposition in fillets of cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The liposomes were fabricated using lecithin as phospholipids with the initial concentrations (IC = mcanthaxanthin/mlipids, % wt/wt) of canthaxanthin at 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1.0%. Particle size characterization showed that liposome mean sizes were 109.70 ± 6.36, 105.10 ± 8.41, and 109.20 ± 5.66 nm (mean ± SD; n = 3), respectively, corresponding with liposomes synthesized at canthaxanthin IC = 0.1%, IC = 0.5%, and IC = 1%. The polydispersity index (PDI) of all samples remained lower than 0.2. There were no significant differences in the mean size and PDI between blank lecithin liposome and canthaxanthin- and α-tocopherol-loaded liposomes. The encapsulation efficiency of canthaxanthin- and α-tocopherol-loaded liposomes decreased when increasing the concentration of canthaxanthin in lecithin liposomes, with EE% values of IC = 0.1%, IC = 0.5%, and IC = 1% being 85.3 ± 2.1, 72.9 ± 1.8, and 55.3 ± 2.6, respectively. For fish growth, at the end of the experiment, final weight was significantly higher in fish fed with diet supplemented with 1 g/kg canthaxanthin- and α-tocopherol-loaded liposomes (IC = 0.5%) in comparison to other experimental control groups. The difference in color of the salmon muscle was most apparent after two months of feeding. However, after three months, there was no noticeable change in the color score of the fish muscle, indicating saturation of color of the fish muscle. The above results suggest the potential of canthaxanthin- and a-tocopherol-loaded liposomes as the red pigment in fish aquaculture.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Lipid Metabolic Process in Liver Related to the Difference of Carcass Fat Content in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Hu ◽  
Wei Gu ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Qingli Bai ◽  
Bingqian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Metabolic Process ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Whole Transcriptome Sequencing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

Excessive accumulation of carcass fat in farm animals, including fish, has a significant impact on meat quality and on the cost of feeding. Similar to farmed animals and humans, the liver can be considered one of the most important organs involved in lipid metabolism in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). RNA-seq based whole transcriptome sequencing was performed to liver tissue of rainbow trout with high and low carcass fat content in this study. In total 1,694 differentially expressed transcripts were identified, including many genes involved in lipid metabolism, such asL-FABP,adiponectin,PPAR-α, PPAR-β,andIGFBP1a. Evidence presented in this study indicated that lipid metabolic process in liver may be related to the difference of carcass fat content. The relevance ofPPAR-αandPPAR-βas molecular markers for fat storage in liver should be worthy of further investigation.

Impact of production technology on morphological lesions in the gills of commercial rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792)

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240
Author(s):  
E. Strzyżewska-Worotyńska ◽  
J. Szarek ◽  
I. Babińska ◽  
D. Gulda
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The Difference

Abstract The most popular rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) production technologies include both an extensive method with the flow through system (FTS) and an intensive method with the recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). Their impact on the fish was evaluated with a morphological assessment of the gills, as these are organs susceptible to environmental changes. Trout of 350 – 500 g body mass were caught for trial in spring and autumn, with 36 fish originating from 3 fish farms with the FTS system and an equal number from 3 RAS fish farms (n = 6). The fish were macroscopically examined and the gills were investigated microscopically (haematoxylin and eosin staining). Hypertrophy and hyperplasia were most commonly detected, amounting to 89% of all structural abnormalities. These lesions were slightly more common in the FTS, especially in autumn, whereas the changes to the blood vessels in the gills were observed more frequently in the rainbow trout from the RAS system than in the fish obtained from the FTS technology (the difference was statistically significant). The morphological lesions in the mucous cells of the gills were detected at a comparable severity regardless of the technology or production season. The predominantly low values of the histopathologic indices, which described the microscopic lesions in the gills of fish from the FTS and RAS systems, showed that the examined organ was most often free of lesions or demonstrated only minor morphological damage regardless of the production technology.

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