scholarly journals Toll-Like Receptor Ligand-Induced Liver Injury in D-Galactosamine-Sensitized Mice: Differences between TLR7/8 and TLR9 Ligands, Cytokine Patterns, and Cross-Tolerance Induction by TLR2 Ligand Pretreatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiko Seki
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Tolerance Induction ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Cross Tolerance ◽  
Cpg Dna ◽  
Tlr2 Ligand

Administration of Toll-like receptor ligands (TLRLs) is known to cause liver injury in D-galN-sensitized mice. In the present study, we aimed to complement preceding reports on the TLRL/D-galN system by analyzing comparisons among TLRLs, mouse strain dependence, effects on serum levels of cytokines, and effects of sequential administrations of different TLRLs. In a preliminary set of analyses, we first confirmed that liver failure can be induced by diverse TLRLs, including LTA and R848 in combination with D-galN. Analysis using TLR4-deficient mice excluded potential confounding effects of endogenous TLR4Ls that include those referred to as DAMPs in CpG DNA/D-galN hepatotoxicity. Subsequently, we showed that LTA pretreatment could prevent mortality in both CpG DNA/D-galN- and R848/D-galN-treated mice compared to without pretreatment. Incidentally, we observed that without the LTA pretreatment, CpG DNA/D-galN showed relatively higher liver-specific toxicity whereas R848/D-galN showed more symptoms of multiple organ failure. These findings suggest that, in D-galN-sensitized mice, different TLRLs not only show similarity in the ability to induce hepatic injury but also exhibit distinctive abilities in inducing systemic inflammation and multiple organ failure. These findings also suggest the potential usefulness of cross-tolerance induction using LTA in the prevention of organ failure in TLRL-mediated acute inflammation.

INCREASED SERUM LEVELS OF SOLUBLE CD14 IN BURNED PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE

Shock ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Yong-Ming Yao ◽  
Yu Yan ◽  
Lian-Rong Lu ◽  
Zhi-Yong Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Soluble Cd14

scholarly journals Hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia triggered by liver injury in elderly subjects with low body weight: case reports

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takatoshi Anno ◽  
Hideaki Kaneto ◽  
Ryo Shigemoto ◽  
Fumiko Kawasaki ◽  
Yasuhiro Kawai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Severe Liver

Summary Hypoglycemia is induced by many causes, especially over-dose of insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents in diabetic subjects. In such a case, hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia is usually observed. On the other hand, it is important to classify secondary hypoglycemia and hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia. Liver injury-induced hypoglycemia is one of the causes of hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia but rarely observed in clinical practice. Herein, we experienced similar 2 cases of non-diabetic hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia. Both of them were elderly subjects with low body weight. Furthermore, it is likely that hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia in both subjects was triggered by severe liver injury, at least in part, due to possible limited liver glycogen store. In elderly subjects with low body weight and/or malnutrition, metabolism in the liver is reduced and glycogen accumulation is decreased. Such alteration brings out acute and marked liver injury, which finally leads to the onset of severe hypoglycemia. It is known that not only liver injury but also multiple organ failure could be induced due to extreme emaciation in subjects. It is likely that in elderly subjects with low body weight and/or malnutrition, multiple organ failure including liver failure could be induced due to the similar reason. Therefore, we should be very careful of such subjects in order to avoid the development of multiple organ failure which leads to life-threatening situations. In conclusion, we should keep in mind the possibility of hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia when we examine severe liver injury, especially in elderly or starving subjects with low body weight and limited liver glycogen stores. Learning points: It is important to classify secondary hypoglycemia and hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia. Liver injury-induced hypoglycemia is one of the causes of hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia but rarely observed in everyday clinical practice. Herein, we reported similar 2 cases of hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia without diabetes presumably triggered by severe liver injury. In both cases, hypoglycemia was improved by glucose infusion, although their liver injury was not improved. We should keep in mind the possibility of hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia when we examine severe liver injury, especially in elderly subjects with low body weight.

scholarly journals Immunity and Its Effect on the Incidence of Multiple Organ Failure in Patients after the Heart Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
E. A. Partylova ◽  
Yu. I. Petrishchev ◽  
I. V. Kudryavtsev ◽  
O. G. Malkova ◽  
A. L. Levit
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Complement Components ◽  
Hla Dr ◽  
Surgery Department

The purpose of the study is to identify the components of immunity, which might predict the development of multiple organ failure in patients after heart surgery.Material and methods. The study included 40 patients who were operated in cardiac surgery Department. The inclusion criteria were the presence of indications for cardiac surgery. The exclusion criteria were the presence of infective endocarditis in patients. Before the operation and after 24 hours we studied the blood level of leukocytes and lymphocytes. We analyzed the phenotype of immune cells using monoclonal antibodies, serum levels of procalcitonin and C3 and C4 complement components. All patients were evaluated for multiple organ disfunction (MOD) using the SOFA scale.The results showed that cardiac surgery leads to the development of MOD, statistically significant multidirectional changes in both quantitative and qualitative composition of all cells of the immune system, significant changes in the level of C3 and C4 components of the cascade of complement and plasma level of pro-calcitonin. ROC analysis was revealed that the relative content of monocytes is less than 7.1% of the number of leukocytes as well as the absolute content of monocytes with the CD14 + HLA-DR + phenotype less than 0.32_109/l in the preoperative period, and the C3 level of the complement component less than 0.52 g/l, as well as the maximum SOFA score in the postoperative period, were the best predictors of MOD after the procedures.Conclusion. The components of innate immunity make it possible to predict the complication of the cardiac surgery, earlier than the SOFA scale.

scholarly journals Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on patients suffering from Liver Injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Kumar Vyas ◽  
Anirudh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Severe Liver ◽  
Vascular Events

With great interest, we have read the recent article by Olympia E. Anastasioua et al(1), wherein the authors described the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on mortality in patients suffering from Mild or severe liver injury. They demonstrated that while the mild liver injury was not associated with worse outcomes in their cohort, a cohort with severe liver injury showed multiple-organ failure and acute vascular events leading to higher mortality(1).

Clinical case of periostitis in pregnant women complicated by sepsis

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-63
Author(s):  
S. Sh. Kakvaeva ◽  
M. A. Magomedova ◽  
A. N. Dzhalilova
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Multiple Organ Failure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Number Of Patients

One of the most serious problems of modern medicine is sepsis. The number of patients undergoing this complication is 20–30 million (WHO) annually and has no tendency to decrease. Sepsis is characterized by severe multiple organ failure due to a violation of the response of the macroorganism to an infectious agent. Moreover, it is dangerous with high mortality. Sepsis often develops in patients with immunodeficiency conditions, which primarily include pregnant women. The article presents a clinical observation of a case of periostitis in a pregnant woman complicated by a septic state.

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