scholarly journals Outdoor Environment and Pediatric Asthma: An Update on the Evidence from North America

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna Pollock ◽  
Lu Shi ◽  
Ronald W. Gimbel
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Pediatric Asthma ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The evidence about the association between asthma and outdoor environmental factors has been inadequate for certain allergens. Even less is known about how these associations vary across seasons and climate regions. We reviewed recent literature from North America for research related to outdoor environmental factors and pediatric asthma, with attention to spatial-temporal variations of these associations. Method. We included indexed literature between years 2010 and 2015 on outdoor environmental factors and pediatric asthma, by searching PubMed. Results. Our search resulted in 33 manuscripts. Studies about the link between pediatric asthma and traffic-related air pollutants (TRAP) consistently confirmed the correlation between TRAP and asthma. For general air pollution, the roles of PM2.5 and CO were consistent across studies. The link between asthma and O3 varied across seasons. Regional variation exists in the role of SO2. The impact of pollen was consistent across seasons, whereas the role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon was less consistent. Discussion. Recent studies strengthened the evidence about the roles of PM2.5, TRAP, CO, and pollen in asthma, while the evidence for roles of PM10-2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, SO2, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in asthma was less consistent. Spatial-temporal details of the environment are needed in future studies of asthma and environment.

scholarly journals A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-enriched environmental chemical mixture enhances AhR, antiapoptotic signaling and a proliferative phenotype in breast cancer cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa M Gearhart-Serna ◽  
John B Davis ◽  
Mohit Kumar Jolly ◽  
Nishad Jayasundara ◽  
Scott J Sauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Er Positive ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract Emerging evidence suggests the role of environmental chemicals, in particular endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), in progression of breast cancer and treatment resistance, which can impact survival outcomes. However, most research tends to focus on tumor etiology and the effect of single chemicals, offering little insight into the effects of realistic complex mixture exposures on tumor progression. Herein, we investigated the effect of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-enriched EDC mixture in a panel of normal and breast cancer cells and in a tumor organoid model. Cells or organoids in culture were treated with EDC mixture at doses estimated from US adult intake of the top four PAH compounds within the mixture from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. We demonstrate that low-dose PAH mixture (6, 30 and 300 nM) increased aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression and CYP activity in estrogen receptor (ER) positive but not normal mammary or ER-negative breast cancer cells, and that upregulated AhR signaling corresponded with increased cell proliferation and expression of antiapoptotic and antioxidant proteins XIAP and SOD1. We employed a mathematical model to validate PAH-mediated increases in AhR and XIAP expression in the MCF-7 ER-positive cell line. Furthermore, the PAH mixture caused significant growth increases in ER-negative breast cancer cell derived 3D tumor organoids, providing further evidence for the role of a natural-derived PAH mixture in enhancing a tumor proliferative phenotype. Together, our integrated cell signaling, computational and phenotype analysis reveals the underlying mechanisms of EDC mixtures in breast cancer progression and survival.

The Role of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolism in Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-Induced Pre-B Lymphocyte Apoptosis

1999 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.K. Mann ◽  
R.A. Matulka ◽  
M.E. Hahn ◽  
A.F. Trombino ◽  
B.P. Lawrence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

scholarly journals Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and pediatric asthma in children: a case–control study

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser M Al-Daghri ◽  
Majed S Alokail ◽  
Sherif H Abd-Alrahman ◽  
Hossam M Draz ◽  
Sobhy M Yakout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Pediatric Asthma ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Asthma In Children ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Impact of basidiomycete fungi on the wettability of soil contaminated with a hydrophobic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

Biologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Hallett ◽  
Nia White ◽  
Karl Ritz
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Basidiomycete Fungi

AbstractPolyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present a challenge to bioremediation because they are hydrophobic, thus influencing the water availability and repellency of soil. The addition of different concentrations of the PAH, anthracene, showed it to induce moderate levels of repellency. We investigated the efficacy of three basidiomycete fungal species on improving the wettability of soil by reducing repellency caused by contamination of soil with 7 ppm anthracene. A microcosm system was used that enabled determination of the impact of fungi on wettability at three locations down a 30 mm deep repacked soil core. Before incubation with fungi, the contaminated soil had a repellency of R = 3.12 ± 0.08 (s.e.). After 28 days incubation, Coriolus versicolor caused a significant reduction in repellency to R = 1.79 ± 0.35 (P < 0.001) for the top section of the soil in a microcosm. Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Phlebia radiata did not influence repellency. None of the fungi had an effect at 20 mm depth.

scholarly journals Mechanistic Role of Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1 Enzymes in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH)‐Mediated Carcinogenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhagavatula Moorthy ◽  
Grady Gastelum ◽  
Alex Veith ◽  
Lihua Wang ◽  
Guodong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic
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