Rhizosphere Gradients of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Dissipation in Two Industrial Soils and the Impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 2371-2375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik J. Joner ◽  
Corinne Leyval
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pah Dissipation

scholarly journals Impact of basidiomycete fungi on the wettability of soil contaminated with a hydrophobic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

Biologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Hallett ◽  
Nia White ◽  
Karl Ritz
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Basidiomycete Fungi

AbstractPolyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present a challenge to bioremediation because they are hydrophobic, thus influencing the water availability and repellency of soil. The addition of different concentrations of the PAH, anthracene, showed it to induce moderate levels of repellency. We investigated the efficacy of three basidiomycete fungal species on improving the wettability of soil by reducing repellency caused by contamination of soil with 7 ppm anthracene. A microcosm system was used that enabled determination of the impact of fungi on wettability at three locations down a 30 mm deep repacked soil core. Before incubation with fungi, the contaminated soil had a repellency of R = 3.12 ± 0.08 (s.e.). After 28 days incubation, Coriolus versicolor caused a significant reduction in repellency to R = 1.79 ± 0.35 (P < 0.001) for the top section of the soil in a microcosm. Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Phlebia radiata did not influence repellency. None of the fungi had an effect at 20 mm depth.

scholarly journals Outdoor Environment and Pediatric Asthma: An Update on the Evidence from North America

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna Pollock ◽  
Lu Shi ◽  
Ronald W. Gimbel
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Pediatric Asthma ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The evidence about the association between asthma and outdoor environmental factors has been inadequate for certain allergens. Even less is known about how these associations vary across seasons and climate regions. We reviewed recent literature from North America for research related to outdoor environmental factors and pediatric asthma, with attention to spatial-temporal variations of these associations. Method. We included indexed literature between years 2010 and 2015 on outdoor environmental factors and pediatric asthma, by searching PubMed. Results. Our search resulted in 33 manuscripts. Studies about the link between pediatric asthma and traffic-related air pollutants (TRAP) consistently confirmed the correlation between TRAP and asthma. For general air pollution, the roles of PM2.5 and CO were consistent across studies. The link between asthma and O3 varied across seasons. Regional variation exists in the role of SO2. The impact of pollen was consistent across seasons, whereas the role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon was less consistent. Discussion. Recent studies strengthened the evidence about the roles of PM2.5, TRAP, CO, and pollen in asthma, while the evidence for roles of PM10-2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, SO2, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in asthma was less consistent. Spatial-temporal details of the environment are needed in future studies of asthma and environment.

scholarly journals Diversity of ndo Genes in Mangrove Sediments Exposed to Different Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Pollution

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (22) ◽  
pp. 7392-7399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Newton C. Marcial Gomes ◽  
Ludmila R. Borges ◽  
Rodolfo Paranhos ◽  
Fernando N. Pinto ◽  
Ellen Krögerrecklenfort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Southern Blot ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Mangrove Sediments ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources

ABSTRACT Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollutants originating from oil spills and wood and fuel combustion are pollutants which are among the major threats to mangrove ecosystems. In this study, the composition and relative abundance in the sediment bacterial communities of naphthalene dioxygenase (ndo) genes which are important for bacterial adaptation to environmental PAH contamination were investigated. Three urban mangrove sites which had characteristic compositions and levels of PAH compounds in the sediments were selected. The diversity and relative abundance of ndo genes in total community DNA were assessed by a newly developed ndo denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) approach and by PCR amplification with primers targeting ndo genes with subsequent Southern blot hybridization analyses. Bacterial populations inhabiting sediments of urban mangroves under the impact of different sources of PAH contamination harbor distinct ndo genotypes. Sequencing of cloned ndo amplicons comigrating with dominant DGGE bands revealed new ndo genotypes. PCR-Southern blot analysis and ndo DGGE showed that the frequently studied nah and phn genotypes were not detected as dominant ndo types in the mangrove sediments. However, ndo genotypes related to nagAc-like genes were detected, but only in oil-contaminated mangrove sediments. The long-term impact of PAH contamination, together with the specific environmental conditions at each site, may have affected the abundance and diversity of ndo genes in sediments of urban mangroves.

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