scholarly journals Bacteremia and Urinary Tract Infection Caused byChromobacterium violaceum: Case Reports from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayan Dutt Pant ◽  
Subhash Prasad Acharya ◽  
Raju Bhandari ◽  
Uday Narayan Yadav ◽  
Dil Bahadur Saru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Chromobacterium Violaceum ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Suitable Treatment ◽  
Tract Infections

Chromobacterium violaceumis ubiquitous in the environment of tropical and subtropical regions but the infections caused by this organism are rare and the urinary tract infections caused by it are even rarer. Due to the propensity for hematogenous spread leading to fatal sepsis, the infections caused byChromobacterium violaceumhave high mortality rate (65–80%) with death occurring in as less as one week of acquiring infection. So, prompt proper treatment is necessary for successful treatment of the infections but, due to the rarity of the infections caused by the organism, there is limited awareness among the clinicians regarding the infections caused by this organism. Here, we reported a case of urinary tract infection caused byChromobacterium violaceumin a 84-year-old male, who was a kidney patient, and another case of bacteremia caused by the same bacterium in a road traffic accident patient (22-year-old male), both of which were managed with the timely suitable treatment.

scholarly journals Incidence and Susceptibility of Uropathogens Isolated among the Patients at Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bigu Kumar Chaudhari ◽  
Ganesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Kamal Prasad Parajuli ◽  
Kewal Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Tract Infections

Background Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common infectious diseases which affect almost all ages groups of population. Production of â-lactamases is responsible for antibacterial resistance which is frequently observed in Enterobacteriaceae isolates, particularly by E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. This investigation has been carried out to determine the current status of prevalence and susceptibility of uropathogens isolated among the patients at tertiary care hospital in eastern Nepal.Material and Methods This study was done at the department of Microbiology, Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal during May 1st 2015 to October 31st 2015. Midstream cleancatch urine was sampled from 1730 suspected urinary tract infection patients of different age and sex groups. Uropathogens were recognized in term of standard and specific microbiological techniques and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was determined by Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion method following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.Results Out of 1730 suspected specimens Culture resulted a total of 761 (43.98 %) positive and 969 (56.02%) negative among that significant growths of uropathogens including 700 (91.98 %) unimicrobial and 60 (7.88 %) polymicrobial growths. In term of Gender distribution 443 (25.60 %) were male and 1287 (74.40 %) were female hence the ratio is 0.34:1, respectively. E. coli was the leading isolate (66 %), followed by Klebsiella spp. (12 %), Enterococcus spp. (8 %), Pseudomonas spp. (6 %), Acinetobacter anitratus (5 %), Proteus spp. (3 %).Conclusion The high frequency of multidrug resistance in bacterial uropathogens was seen. Principally, resistance patterns were seen higher for amoxycillin, co-trimoxazole, flouroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins, Existing uropathogens highlights the highest rate of vulnerability to nitrofurantoin, amikacin and gentamicin which provide much better antibiotic coverage and can be adapted for practical treatment of urinary tract infections.  Journal of Nobel Medical College Vol.5(2) 2016; 51-55

scholarly journals Prevalence of microorganisms causing catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) among catheterised patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinoth M. ◽  
Prabagaravarthanan R. ◽  
Bhaskar M.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Indian subjects, affecting all age groups. Bacteriuria orcandiduria is almost inevitable in nearly half of the patients who require an indwelling urinary catheter for more than 5 days. The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of CAUTI infection and to determine their antibiotic profileMethods: The present cross-sectional study included 50 patients admitted to medicine and surgery wards in our hospital. The urine from catheter is collected from each patient and subjected to culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing.Results: The prevalence of catheter associated urinary tract infection in our hospital is about 20% and asymptomatic bacterial colonization is 50% which is nearequal to Danchaivijitr S et al study. The common pathogens found in this study are Escherichia coli (22%), Klebsiella (18%), Enterobacter (8%), Staph. aureus (6%) which include MRSA (4%), Pseudomonas (6%), Enterococcus (4%), Candida sps. (4%) Andproteus (2%).Conclusions: CAUTI has low prevalence 20% and asymptomatic colonisation 50% in our hospital with common pathogen being Escherichia coli. It is one of the important notable pathogen causing nosocomial infection among admitted patients. The patients present mainly as asymptomatic bacterial colonisation and risk of CAUTI increases with longer duration of catheterisation. All patients those who had catheter for more than 6 days, aged 60 and above, should be checked for UTI symptoms. And their urine should be cultured regularly in order to diagnose and prevent CAUTI and its complications which are very dangerous and difficult to treat.

scholarly journals Monitoring Antimicrobial Susceptibility in bacterial isolates causing Urinary Tract Infections in a Tertiary Hospital in Kathmandu

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
Vivek Kumar Singh ◽  
Mahesh Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
Megha Raj Banjara ◽  
Reshma Tuladhar
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Tract Infections

   Urinary tract infection is the most common infection in females worldwide. One in three women experiences at least one episode of urinary tract infection during their lifetime. The objective of this study was to determine the etiology and antimicrobial profile of urinary tract infection. A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal. Thirteen hundred clean catch mid-stream urine samples were tested through standard microbiological techniques. The isolates from urine samples were identified from biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed through the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique following CLSI guidelines. The prevalence of urinary tract infection was found at 24.23%. Escherichia Coli was a predominant etiological agent followed by Staphylococcus aureus. The majority of the infection was found between the age group 21-40, with females mostly infected. Most of the microorganisms were isolated from emtergency, obstetrics-gynecology, and nephrology wards. Most of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin, whereas the majority of the gram-positive isolates were resistant to penicillin.A large number of isolates were found to be sensitive to Gentamycin and nitrofurantoin. Routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates causing urinary tract infection is recommended to reduce antimicrobial resistance and for the  proper treatment of infection.

scholarly journals Chromobacterium violaceumSepticaemia and Urinary Tract Infection: Case Reports from a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishnu Kaniyarakkal ◽  
Shabana Orvankundil ◽  
Saradadevi Karunakaran Lalitha ◽  
Raji Thazhethekandi ◽  
Jahana Thottathil
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Chromobacterium Violaceum ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Human Infections

Chromobacterium violaceumis a gram negative oxidase positive bacillus that causes human infections infrequently. It is a normal inhabitant of soil and stagnant water of the tropical and subtropical areas. In humans, it can cause infections ranging from life threatening sepsis with metastatic abscesses to skin infections and urinary tract infections. The organism is notoriously resistant to most cephalosporins and Ampicillin. Fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides show good in vitro susceptibility. High mortality rates associated with these infections necessitate prompt diagnosis and appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Here we present three cases ofChromobacterium violaceuminfection from Government Medical College Kozhikode, Kerala.

scholarly journals Incidence of urinary tract infection in febrile children

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
R. Ravikumar Naik ◽  
Venkatesha K. R.
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Sample ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infection is diagnosed by the growth of many organisms of a single specimen in the urine with presence of many symptoms. bacteriuria is defined as growth with a colony of >105/ml of a single species in a midstream clean catch urine sample.Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken in febrile children with urinary tract infection attending Department of Paediatrics, tertiary care hospital, Bangalore during the period January 2017 to December 2017.Results: Out of the 200 children studied, 93 children belonged to the age group of 6 year to 12 year and 57 children belong to 1 year to 6-year age group and 50 children belongs to 12 year to 18-year age group. 97 children showed significant pyuria in centrifuged urine sample of which 49 were males and 48 were females. Majority 45 children were belonging to age group of 6 year to 12 year. Out of 97 children showed significant pyuria in centrifuged urine sample of which 46 children 5-10 cells/HPF and 27 children showed > 10 cells/HPF and 24 cases showed < 5cells / HPF. Out of 200 children, in 29 cases urine culture showed E. coli growth and 51 cases showed no growth.Conclusions: Urinary tract infections are common in childhood. Nearly all UTIs are caused by bacteria that enter the opening of the urethra and move upward to the urinary bladder and sometimes the kidneys.

scholarly journals CLINICALAND MICROBIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN THE ELDERLY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY AND RESISTANCE.

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Mohit Bhatnagar ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Singh ◽  
Sandeep Nimba Deore ◽  
Akash Kumar ◽  
Abhraneel Guha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Microbiological Profile ◽  
Tract Infections

Aims and objectives: The aim of the study focused on clinical features, risk factors, and microbiological profile of Urinary Tract Infection in elderly patients with special reference to antibiotic Sensitivity and Resistance. Material and Methods: In this study, a total of 140 elderly patients suffering from urinary tract infection were included from a tertiary care hospital, Kolkata for a period of 12 months from January 2017 to December 2017. Patients included in the study will be considered for sensitivity profile study. Every patient will be thoroughly evaluated with careful history taking, thorough clinical examinations, and necessary investigations. Results: UTI is an important cause of morbidity and sepsis in elderly patients having a spectrum varying from benign cystitis to potentially life-threatening pyelonephritis. We found that the Enterobacteriaceae groups of microorganism were the most common etiology with fungus being less common. The majority of the microorganisms were sensitive to fosfomycin, polymyxin B, and colistin. Conclusion: In conclusion, elderly populations with urinary tract infections require early diagnosis and focussed therapy to reduce the morbidity and mortality

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