scholarly journals Growth of MWCNTs on Flexible Stainless Steels without Additional Catalysts

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udomdej Pakdee ◽  
Surasak Chiangga ◽  
Suchat Suwannatus ◽  
Pichet Limsuwan
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Steel Substrates

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were synthesized on austenitic stainless steel foils (Type 304) using a home-built thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) under atmospheric pressure of hydrogen (H2) and acetylene (C2H2). During the growth, the stainless steel substrates were heated at different temperatures of 600, 700, 800, and 900°C. It was found that MWCNTs were grown on the stainless steel substrates heated at 600, 700, and 800°C while amorphous carbon film was grown at 900°C. The diameters of MWCNTs, as identified by scanning electron microscope (SEM) images together with ImageJ software program, were found to be 67.7, 43.0, and 33.1 nm, respectively. The crystallinity of MWCNTs was investigated by an X-ray diffractometer. The number of graphitic walled layers and the inner diameter of MWCNTs were investigated using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The occurrence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles associated with carbon element can be used to reveal the behavior of Fe in stainless steel as catalyst. Raman spectroscopy was used to confirm the growth and quality of MWCNTs. The results obtained in this work showed that the optimum heated stainless steel substrate temperature for the growth of effective MWCNTs is 700°C. Chemical states of MWCNTs were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) using synchrotron light.

Diamond deposition on Ni/Ni-diamond coated stainless steel substrate

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1148-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Sikder ◽  
T. Sharda ◽  
D. S. Misra ◽  
D. Chandrasekaram ◽  
P. Veluchamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Diamond Growth ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Composite Layers ◽  
Spectroscopy Studies ◽  
Steel Substrates

Electrodeposited Ni and Ni-diamond composite layers were used as diffusion barriers for Fe to facilitate the diamond growth on stainless steel substrates. Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy show the formation of good quality diamond crystallites by chemical vapor deposition. X-ray diffraction results indicate that the expansion of Ni unit cell has taken place due to the formation of the Ni–C solid solution. This observation is also well supported by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies. The lattice constant of the expanded Ni unit cell matches closely with the diamond, and this may be helpful in explaining the epitaxial growth of diamond on single-crystal Ni observed by others.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Carbide Interfacial Layer Formed During Deposition of DLC Films on 316L Stainless Steel Substrate

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 2211-2216 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dudek
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Interfacial Layer ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dlc Film

AbstractThe paper presents the analysis of formation of interfacial layer during deposition of diamond like carbon film (DLC) on the 316L stainless steel by capacitive plasma discharge in the CH4atmosphere. The structure of the interfacial layer of DLC film was strongly affected by the temperature increase during the initial stages of the process. Initially, thin interfacial layer of 5 nm has been formed. As the temperature had reached 210°C, the second phase of the process was marked by the onset of carbon atoms diffusion into the steel and by the interface thickness increase. Finally, the growth of chromium carbide interface, the upward diffusion of chromium and nickel atoms to film, the etching and the decrease of the DLC film thickness were observed at 233°C. These investigations were carried out ex-situ by spectroscopic ellipsometry, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy.

Effects of Substrates on the Composition and Microstructure of TiO2 Thin Films Prepared by the LPD Method

2007 ◽  
Vol 280-283 ◽  
pp. 795-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huogen Yu ◽  
Jia Guo Yu ◽  
Bei Cheng ◽  
C.H. Ao ◽  
S.C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Tio2 Thin Films ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Steel Substrates

TiO2 thin films were prepared on soda lime glass, fused quartz and stainless steel substrates by liquid phase deposition (LPD) method from a (NH4)2TiF6 aqueous solution upon the addition of boric acid (H3BO3), and then calcined at 500oC for 2 h. The prepared films were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was found that the substrates obviously influenced the element composition and microstructure of TiO2 thin films. Except Ti, O and a small amount of F and N elements, which came from the precursor solution, some Si (or Fe) element in the thin films deposited on soda lime glass and quartz substrates (or on stainless steel substrate) was confirmed. The Si (or Fe) element in the thin films could be attributed to two sources. One was from the SiF6 2- ions (or FeF6 2- ions) formed by a reaction between the treatment solution and soda lime glass or quartz (or stainless steel) substrates. The other was attributed to the diffusion of Si (or Fe) from the surface of substrates into the TiO2 thin films after calcination at 500oC. The Si (or Fe) element in the TiO2 thin films could behave as a dopant and resulted in the formation of composite SiO2/TiO2 (or Fe2O3/TiO2) thin films on the substrates.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Zein/Hydroxyapatite Composite Coatings for Biomedical Applications

Surfaces ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusra Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Yasir ◽  
Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Taguchi Design Of Experiments ◽  
Hydrophilic Nature ◽  
Strong Adhesion ◽  
Steel Substrates

Stainless steel is renowned for its wide use as a biomaterial, but its relatively high corrosion rate in physiological environments restricts many of its clinical applications. To overcome the corrosion resistance of stainless steel bio-implants in physiological environments and to improve its osseointegration behavior, we have developed a unique zein/hydroxyapatite (HA) composite coating on a stainless steel substrate by Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD). The EPD parameters were optimized using the Taguchi Design of experiments (DoE) approach. The EPD parameters, such as the concentration of bio-ceramic particles in the polymer solution, applied voltage and deposition time were optimized on stainless steel substrates by applying a mixed design orthogonal Taguchi array. The coatings were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and wettability studies. SEM images and EDX results indicated that the zein/HA coating was successfully deposited onto the stainless steel substrates. The wettability and roughness studies elucidated the mildly hydrophilic nature of the zein/HA coatings, which confirmed the suitability of the developed coatings for biomedical applications. Zein/HA coatings improved the corrosion resistance of bare 316L stainless steel. Moreover, zein/HA coatings showed strong adhesion with the 316L SS substrate for biomedical applications. Zein/HA developed dense HA crystals upon immersion in simulated body fluid, which confirmed the bone binding ability of the coatings. Thus the zein/HA coatings presented in this study have a strong potential to be considered for orthopedic applications.

scholarly journals Silica-Copper Oxide Composite Thin Films as Solar Selective Coatings Prepared by Dipping Sol Gel

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Barrera-Calva ◽  
J. Méndez-Vivar ◽  
M. Ortega-López ◽  
L. Huerta-Arcos ◽  
J. Morales-Corona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Silica Matrix ◽  
Composite Thin Films ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Steel Substrates

Silica-copper oxide (silica-CuO) composite thin films were prepared by a dipping sol-gel route using ethanolic solutions comprised TEOS and a copper-propionate complex. Sols with different TEOS/Cu-propionate (Si/Cu) molar ratios were prepared and applied on stainless steel substrates using dipping process. During the annealing process, copper-propionate complexes developed into particulate polycrystalline CuO dispersed in a partially crystallized silica matrix, as indicated by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The gel thermal analysis revealed that the prepared material might be stable up to400°C. The silica-CuO/stainless steel system was characterized as a selective absorber surface and its solar selectivity parameters, absorptance (α), and emittance (ε) were evaluated from UV-NIR reflectance data. The solar parameters of such a system were mostly affected by the thickness and phase composition of theSiO2-CuO film. Interestingly, the best solar parameters (α= 0.92 andε= 0.2) were associated to the thinnest films, which comprised a CuO-Cu2Omixture immersed in the silica matrix, as indicated by XPS.

Fabrication and electrical properties of 0.7BiFeO3-0.3PbTiO3 films on stainless steel by the sol-gel method

2012 ◽  
Vol 1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Zhao ◽  
Dan Jiang ◽  
Shundong Bu ◽  
Jinrong Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ferroelectric Properties ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Pt Films ◽  
Steel Substrates

ABSTRACTFerroelectric 0.7BiFeO3-0.3PbTiO3 (BFO-PT) films were deposited on stainless steel substrates by the sol-gel method. A thin layer of PbTiO3 (PT) was introduced between the substrates and BFO-PT films in order to decrease the annealing temperature of BFO-PT films. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that BFO-PT films could be well crystallized into the perovskite structure at about 575 oC. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images show that BFO-PT thin films have grain size of about 50∼60 nm. Our results indicated BFO-PT films deposited on stainless steel substrates maintained the excellent ferroelectric properties with remnant polarization of about 40∼50 μC/cm2.

scholarly journals CeOx/Al2O3 thin films on stainless steel substrate — Dynamical X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigations

2013 ◽  
Vol 536 ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivalina Avramova ◽  
Sefik Suzer ◽  
Desislava Guergova ◽  
Dimitar Stoychev ◽  
Plamen Stefanov
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Stainless Steel Substrate ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
X Ray

An Electrochemical and XPS Investigation of Sputter Deposited Ni44 Fe32Cr11P8B5 on 304 Stainless Steel

1986 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. Nagarkar ◽  
R. M. Latanision
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrochemical Testing ◽  
Sputter Deposited ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Steel Substrates

AbstractAn Ni44 Fe32Cr11P8B5 (at.%) alloy was sputter deposited on to water cooled 304 stainless steel substrates. Electrochemical testing was performed in 0.1N H2So4 with and without the addition of O.06N NaCI. The surface layers of specimens polarized into the active and passive regions of the anodic polarization curves were analyzed using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to check for preferential dissolution and possible segregation of the constituent elements. A significant improvement in the overall corrosion behaviour of 304 stainless steel was observed due to the sputter deposited layer.

The Interface Reaction between an Ag+-Doped TiO2 Film and Stainless Steel Substrate

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 1559-1562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Geng Ding ◽  
Ji Wei Gao ◽  
Qian Hong Shen ◽  
Jian Xiang Liu ◽  
Li Li
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Tio2 Film ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Interface Reaction ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Acicular Crystal ◽  
X Ray

Ag+-doped TiO2 films on stainless steel were prepared by a sol-gel method and their microstructures and compositions were studied with X-Ray Diffractometer, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. It was shown that Fe atoms in untreated stainless steel react with Ag+ in the TiO2 film and form FeTiO3, which has an acicular crystal form under SEM observation. As a result, Ag+ in the film is reduced to the silver atom, which degrades the antibacterial property of the film. However, after an oxidization of the substrate, a layer of ferric oxide is formed, which reacts with Fe atoms that would otherwise react with and reduce Ag+, and then forms FeTiO3. Thus, the penetration of Fe atoms is stopped and Ag+ in the anatase-structure TiO2 film is protected from the reduction, which enhanced antibacterial property of the film.

scholarly journals Corrosion Nature in [CoN/AlN]n Multilayers Obtained from Laser Ablation

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2049
Author(s):  
Julio Caicedo ◽  
Neufer Bonilla ◽  
Willian Aperador
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electrochemical Behavior ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bilayer Period ◽  
Mechanical Devices ◽  
Steel Substrates ◽  
Better Than

The aim of this work is the improvement of the electrochemical behavior of industrial steel using [CoN/AlN]n multilayered system via reactive Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) technique with a Nd: YAG laser (λ = 1064 nm) on Silicon (100) and AISI 302 steel substrates. In this work was varied systematically the bilayer period (Λ) and the coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the chemical composition was determined by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The maximum corrosion resistance for the coating with (Λ) equal to 34.7 nm, corresponding to n = 30 bilayered. The polarization resistance and corrosion rate were around 7.62 × 105 kOhm × cm2 and 7.25 × 10−5 mm/year, these values were 6.3 × 105 and 78.6 times better than those showed by the uncoated 302 stainless steel substrate (1.2 kOhm × cm2 and 0.0057 mm/year), respectively. The improvement of the electrochemical behavior of the steel 302 coated with this [CoN/AlN]n can be attributed to the presence of several interfaces that act as obstacles for the inward and outward diffusions of Cl− ions, generating an increment in the corrosion resistance. The electrochemical results found in the [CoN/AlN]n open a possibility of future applications in mechanical devices that require high demands in service conditions.

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