scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of Essential Oils Derived from Piper nigrum (Piperaceae) and Citrus limonum (Rutaceae) against the Tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaelle Vinturelle ◽  
Camila Mattos ◽  
Jéssica Meloni ◽  
Jeane Nogueira ◽  
Maria Júlia Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Citrus Limonum

The present research aimed to study the chemical composition and acaricidal activity of Citrus limonum and Piper nigrum essential oils against the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus. GC-MS analysis of C. limonum essential oil showed limonene (50.3%), β-pinene (14.4%), and γ-terpinene (11.7%) as the major components; P. nigrum oil was mainly composed of β-caryophyllene (26.2%), σ-ocymene (5.8%), and α-pinene (5.5%). Acaricide activity was evaluated at concentrations of 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0% (v/v) of each plant oil, as well as 1 : 1 combination of both oils (5% : 5%, 2.5% : 2.5%, and 1.25% : 1.25% each), by immersing engorged R. microplus females for one minute. The LC90 of oils from C. limonum, P. nigrum, and the combination were 4.9%, 14.8%, and 5.1%, respectively. C. limonum essential oil caused 100% mortality of engorged females at the highest concentration (10%). P. nigrum essential oil inhibited egg-laying by up to 96% in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting it reduces tick fecundity. When combined, the oils presented toxicity as to C. limonum oil alone, but with stronger inhibition of oviposition (5% : 5%), indicating a possible additive effect against R. microplus. The present data provide support for further investigation of novel natural products to control bovine tick infestations.

Chemical Profiling, Larvicidal Activity and Antihemolytic Property of Allium sativum L. and Allium cepa L. Essential Oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
pp. 945-958
Author(s):  
Durgadevi P ◽  
◽  
Sumathi P ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Health Organization

Essential oils are plant derived concentrates of the secondary metabolites responsible for the aromatic flavor attributing to its various medicinal properties. Fresh Allium sativum (A. sativum) and Allium cepa (A. cepa) were subjected to steam distillation for isolation of essential oil characterized by performing Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Chromatogram of the essential oil depicted the presence diallyl sulfide (5.35%), 2-(2’-carbamoylphenoxy)-butanoic acid (2.64%), 2-ethyl-5-methylthiophene (0.42%), diallyl disulphide (18.76%), 3-(2-thia-4-pentenyl)-1-thia-cyclohex-5-ene (1.09%) and dimethyl tetrasulphide (0.15%), 2,4-dimethylpyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-one (47.91%), 2,4-Thiazolidinedione (0.01%), 5-chloro-2-hydroxy-1,3-dinitrobenzene (5.93%), 6-Methoxy-1-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline (47.91%) in A. sativum and A.cepa respectively. Larvicidal activity against third instar larvae of Anopheles stephensi (A. Stephensi) was assessed by following the standard protocol of World Health Organization. The 50% lethality (LC50) of A. stephensi larvae was observed at 265.96 ± 1.88 ppm and 357.14 ± 2.36 ppm of A. sativum and A. cepa essential oil correspondingly. The mortality rate of the larvae was both time and dose dependent. Besides, the in vitro antihemolytic activity of the essential oil was also assessed using Sheep erythrocytes. The erythrocyte lysis was inhibited by the essential oils of both A. sativum and A. cepa in a concentration dependent manner with an IC50 of 427.35 ± 1.23 μl and 549.45 ± 1.38 μl respectively. On a comparative assessment between the essential oils of A. sativum and A. cepa, the former exhibited better larvicidal activity against the disease-causing vector, A. stephensi. Still, both could serve as potent insecticidal agents after further identification of the responsible chemical compound and its mode of action.

scholarly journals Potent In Vitro Activity of Citrus aurantium Essential Oil and Vitis vinifera Hydrolate Against Gut Yeast Isolates from Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients—The Right Mix for Potential Therapeutic Use

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1329
Author(s):  
Maura Di Vito ◽  
Maria Grazia Bellardi ◽  
Maurizio Sanguinetti ◽  
Francesca Mondello ◽  
Antonietta Girolamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Lactobacillus Species ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder without any pathological alteration, in which the alterations of the Candida/Saccharomyces ratio of the gut microbiota, the balance of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and the brain-gut-microbiome axis are important for the development and progression of IBS. The aim of the study was to identify natural products, including essential oils or hydrolates, which were contextually harmless for the gut beneficial strains (e.g., Saccharomyces spp.) but inhibitory for the pathogenic ones (Candida spp.). Methods: The effectiveness of 6 essential oils and 2 hydrolates was evaluated using microbiological tests, carried out on 50 clinical isolates (Candida, Saccharomyces and Galattomyces species) and 9 probiotic strains (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus species, Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii) and immunological and antioxidant assays. Results: The study led to a mixture based on a 1/100 ratio of Citrus aurantium var. amara essential oil / Vitis vinifera cv Italia hydrolate able to contextually reduce, in a concentration-dependent manner, the ability of Candida species to form hyphal filaments and have an interesting immunomodulatory and anti-oxidant action. This mixture can potentially be useful in the IBS treatment promoting the restoration of the intestinal microbial and immunological balance.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties of the Leaves and Stem Essential Oils ofJatropha gossypifoliaL.

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunday O. Okoh ◽  
Benson C. Iweriebor ◽  
Omobola O. Okoh ◽  
Uchechukwu U. Nwodo ◽  
Anthony I. Okoh
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Jatropha Gossypifolia ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil

Antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the leaves and stem essential oils (EOs) ofJatropha gossypifoliaand their efficacies against infectious and oxidative stress diseases were studiedin vitro. The EOs obtained using Clevenger modified apparatus were characterized by high resolution GC-MS, while their antioxidant and antibacterial properties were examined by spectrophotometric and agar diffusion techniques, respectively. The EOs exhibited strong antibacterial activity againstEscherichia coli,Enterococcus faecium,andStaphylococcus aureus. The stem essential oil (SEO) was more active than the leaf essential oil (LEO) against test bacteria with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) ranging from 0.025 to 0.05 mg/mL and the LEO from 0.05 to 0.10 mg/mL. The SEO was bactericidal at 0.025 and 0.05 mg/mL againstS.aureusandE.faecium, respectively, and the LEO was bacteriostatic against the three bacteria at 0.05 and 0.10 mg/mL. The SEO IC50(0.07 mg/mL) showed that the antiradical strength was superior to LEO (0.32 mg/mL) andβ-carotene (1.62 mg/mL) in scavenging 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH•). The oils effectively reduced three other oxidants to neutral molecules in concentration dependent manner. Findings from this study suggest that, apart from the traditional uses of the plant extracts, the EOs have strong bioactive compounds with noteworthy antibacterial and antiradical properties and may be good candidates in the search for lead compounds for the synthesis of novel potent antibiotics.

scholarly journals Chemotypes and antibacterial activity of Matricaria pubescens of Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour Elhouda Mekhadmi ◽  
Messaoud Ramdani ◽  
Takia Lograda ◽  
Pierre Chalard ◽  
Gilles Figueredo
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Main Components

Abstract. Mekhadmi NE, Ramdani M, Lograda T, Chalard P, Figueredo G. 2019. Chemotypes and antibacterial activity of Matricaria pubescens of Algeria. Biodiversitas 20: 3170-3179. The objectives of this study were to determine the chemical composition and to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Matricaria pubescens L. essential oils from 14 sampling locations in southern Algeria. The extraction of essential oils was carried out by the hydro-distillation; the analysis of chemical composition of essential oil was carried out by GC-MS. Antibacterial activity was performed by disc diffusion method at the undiluted and diluted essential oil (1/1, 1:2, 1:4 and 1:8 v:v of DMSO) against eight species of bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Listeria innocua, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica and Staphylococcus aureus). The results showed that the average yields of essential oils were 0.4 ± 0.27%. A total of 34 components were identified, averaging 99.22 ± 0.8% of the total oils. The main components were β-ocimene (Z) (47.41 ± 13.67%), α-pinene (19 ± 7.36%), β-bulnesene (4.96 ± 10.6%), ocimene-allo (4.46 ± 1.3%), 1-phenyl-penta-2,4-diyne (4.06 ± 5.7%), limonene (3.84 ± 1.8%), caryophyllene oxide (2.36 ± 3.6%) and γ-bisabolene-E (2.08 ± 4.3%). Based on the UPGMA cluster analysis, there were two distinct clades of M. pubescens. This species has a chemical polymorphism with different chemotypes marked in nature. There were four chemotypes identified in the essential oil of M. pubescens in the region studied. The essential oil of M. pubescens has antibacterial activity against eight bacteria tested in a concentration-dependent manner.

scholarly journals Anti-Quorum Sensing and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils Extracted From Juniperus Species, Growing Spontaneously in Tebessa Region (East of Algeria)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2110240
Author(s):  
Sameh Boudiba ◽  
Alfred Ngenge Tamfu ◽  
Baya Berka ◽  
Karima Hanini ◽  
Soraya Hioun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Minimal Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Active Inhibitor ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics

The chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) extracted from the aerial parts of 2 species of Juniperus was determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). In total, 65 and 58 compounds accounting for 90.3% and 89.8% of the whole chemical composition of Juniperus oxycedrus (JO) and Juniperus phoenicea (JP) were identified, respectively, with α-pinene, α-amorphene, terpinen-4-ol, α-terpinene, and β-elemene, as major components. For the first time, the capacity to inhibit quorum-sensing for Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 and CV12472 by the investigated EOs was evaluated. Both oils exhibited good violacein inhibition on CV12472 with 100.0 ± 0.0% inhibition at minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) values. Besides, the quorum-sensing inhibition of CV026 was high at MIC for JO essential oil from fruits (JOF, 16.3 ± 2.0 mm), JO leaves (JOL, 12.5 ± 3.5 mm), JP fruits (JPF, 19.7 ± 2.5 mm), and JP leaves (JPL, 21.1 ± 5.0 mm). On both CV12472 and CV026, essential oil from J. phoenicea leaves was the most active inhibitor. All investigated EOs inhibited swarming motilities in flagellated Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA01) in a concentration-dependent manner, and those from JP were more active than EOs from JO. Moreover, these EOs showed good antioxidant potential according to DPPH● and FRAP methods, especially the EO from JO leaves with an IC50 DPPH● inhibition value of 20.2 ± 1.0 mg/mL. Based on the obtained results, the investigated EOs are good candidates to combat microbial resistance be used as alternatives to conventional antibiotics, and equally find applications in food biosafety as preservatives.

Manufacturing Process for Extracting Essential Oils from White Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) by Hydrodistillation Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thien Hien Tran ◽  
Thi To Quyen Ngo ◽  
Thi Kim Ngan Tran ◽  
Tri Duc Lam ◽  
Tan Phat Dao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Distillation Process ◽  
White Pepper ◽  
Oil Performance

Vietnam is the world's leading country in growing and producing pepper trees. In this study, we attempted the optimization of white pepper essential oil extraction. The obtained oil was then subject to determination of constituent composition via GC-MS method. The essential oil performance achieved 3.6% by hydro-distillation process with optimal conditions (25 grams of fresh pepper, size 18, 120 minutes extraction, 130°C). A total of 23 volatile constituents were identified from the white pepper essential oil, with the major components being 27.4% of Limonene, 3-Carene 22,928%, Sabinene 17,622%, β-pinene 10.068%, α-Pinene 5.426%.

Effect of Microwave Treatment on the Profile of Volatile Compounds and Characteristics of White Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Essential Oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Atma Elfahdi - Elfahdi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Hammer Mill ◽  
White Pepper ◽  
Cell Tissue

Microwave treatment on white pepper was conducted to damage cell tissue to facilitate the distillation and increase the yield of essential oils. The research objective was to determine the effect of pepper varieties and microwave treatment on the profiles of volatile compounds and the characteristics of white pepper essential oils. The research was conducted with 50 grams of white pepper placed into a 15 cm diameter petri dish and put in a microwave oven at the power of 600 watts for 90 seconds then white pepper milled by hammer mill. Essential oils were obtained using the water distillation method then were tested for their characteristics and compounds using Gas chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). White pepper was analyzed using the water content, piperine content, and its cell tissue microstructure was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results showed that different pepper as accession produced different profiles of volatile compounds, characteristics, and antioxidant activity (p<0.05). The number of volatile compounds of white pepper essential oils identified by GC-MS was 42, where the largest compound was β-caryophyllene (50.51%). Microwave treatment damaged the cell wall of white pepper, lowered water content (17.43%), increased piperine content (10.57%) and essential oil yield (25%), and changed the profiles of volatile compounds of essential oils of Lampung daun lebar accession. Color became bluer (b*value rises by 201.99%), increased specific gravity (1.27%) and antioxidant activity (7.4%), decreased solubility in 95% ethanol (17.95%) and acid number (20.8%) while the refractive index was not affected by pepper accessions and microwave treatment.

scholarly journals Baccharis dracunculifolia DC (Asteraceae) leaf and flower essential oils to control Rhipicephalus microplus Canestrini (Arachnida: Ixodidae) in the free-living stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e5049108788
Author(s):  
Luciane Neris Cazella ◽  
Herika Line de Marko de Oliveira ◽  
Wanessa de Campos Bortolucci ◽  
Isabelle Luiz Rahal ◽  
Irinéia Paulina Baretta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Egg Hatchability

Baccharis dracunculifolia, native to Brazil and the main source of “green propolis”, has been reported with several biological activities, and may be a source of bovine tick control substituting synthetic acaricides. Objective: to evaluate the in vitro and ex situ acaricidal activity of B. dracunculifolia leaf and flower essential oils against Rhipicephalus microplus. Methodology: the essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by a gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry; the acaricidal activity of the essential oil was evaluated in vitro against adult females and against the egg hatchability; moreover, the acaricidal activity against tick larvae was evaluated in vitro and ex situ. Results: the major class of the essential oils was oxygenated sesquiterpene (55.1% leaves 50.4% flowers) and the main compounds were (21.5% leaves; 20.6% flowers) and spathulenol (21.8% leaves; 20.3% flowers). The essential oil at 500 mg/mL was effective to control egg hatchability with a reduction of egg laying capacity and decrease of number of adult ticks and larvae. The larvicidal activity of the essential oil had LC99.9 from 35 to 37 mg/mL by probit analysis, and the essential oil from 11 to 14 mg/mL presented 85 to 95% of treatment efficiency in the ex situ test. Conclusion: B. dracunculifolia leaf and flower essential oils are stable and have application potential to control bovine ticks.

scholarly journals Phytotoxic potential of essential oil of Melaleuca leucadendra against some agricultural weeds

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1799
Author(s):  
Gunjan Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Melaleuca Leucadendra

The work was undertaken to investigate the phytotoxic potential of essential oil from Melaleuca leucadendra against three weed species, viz., Echinochloa crus-galli, Cyperus rotundus and Leptochloa chinensis. It was observed that volatile oil (0.25-1.5 mg ml-1) of Melaleuca retarded the germination and growth of all the test weeds in a dose-response bioassay conducted under laboratory conditions. Generally, both root and shoot length showed an inhibitory effect in a concentration dependent manner and the maximum effect was observed in C. rotundus, followed by E. crus-galli and L. chinensis. The Melaleuca oil not only affected the germination and seedling growth of the test weeds, but also inhibited the chlorophyll content and dry weight. At the highest dose of Melaleuca oil treatment (1.5 mg ml-1), the chlorophyll content declined by nearly 50% in E. crus-galli and 90% in L. chinensis over the control. Thus, it is concluded that volatile oil possesses phytotoxic potential towards other plants and could be further explored for weed management.

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