scholarly journals The Antinociceptive Effect of Light-Emitting Diode Irradiation on Incised Wounds Is Correlated with Changes in Cyclooxygenase 2 Activity, Prostaglandin E2, and Proinflammatory Cytokines

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Yi Chia ◽  
Chien-Cheng Liu ◽  
Guan-Ming Feng ◽  
Chia-Chih Alex Tseng ◽  
Kuo-Chuan Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Phototherapy ◽  
Led Therapy ◽  
Cox 2

Background. Light-emitting diode (LED) phototherapy has been reported to relieve pain and enhance tissue repair through several mechanisms. However, the analgesic effect of LED on incised wounds has never been examined.Objectives. We examined the analgesic effect of LED therapy on incision pain and the changes in cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α).Methods. Rats received LED therapy on incised skin 6 days before incision (L-I group) or 6 days after incision (I-L group) or from 3 days before incision to 3 days after incision (L-I-L group). Behavioral tests and analysis of skin tissue were performed after LED therapy.Results. LED therapy attenuated the decrease in thermal withdrawal latency in all the irradiated groups and the decrease in the mechanical withdrawal threshold in the L-I group only. The expression levels of COX-2, PGE2, and IL-6 were significantly decreased in the three LED-treated groups, whereas IL-1βand TNF-αwere significantly decreased only in the L-I group compared with their levels in the I groups (p<0.05).Conclusions. LED therapy provides an analgesic effect and modifies the expression of COX-2, PGE2, and proinflammatory cytokines in incised skin.

Analgesic Effect of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) Therapy at Wavelengths of 635 and 945 nm onBothrops moojeniVenom-Induced Hyperalgesia

2013 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikele Nadur-Andrade ◽  
Stella R. Zamuner ◽  
Elaine F. Toniolo ◽  
Carlos J. de Lima ◽  
José C. Cogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Therapy ◽  
Effect Of Light

Mikroglia und immunologische Mechanismen in der neuropsychiatrischen Forschung

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 761-770
Author(s):  
M. J. Schwarz ◽  
B. Leitner ◽  
E. Weidinger ◽  
N. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Cox 2

ZusammenfassungDie Psychoneuroimmunologie beschäftigt sich mit den Wechselwirkungen zwischen der (gesunden) Psyche, psychischen Störungen und dem Immunsystem. Inzwischen hat sich gezeigt, dass zumindest bei Subgruppen psychischer Störungen wie Schizophrenie und Depression ein entzündlicher Prozess bei der Pathogenese eine Rolle spielt. Da für Schizophrenie und Depression auf diesem Gebiet die meisten Befunde vorliegen, konzentriert sich diese Übersicht auf diese beiden Störungsbilder. Die differenzielle Aktivierung von Mikrogliazellen und Astrozyten als funktionelle Träger des Immunsystems im ZNS, trägt zur Typ-1/Typ-2-Inbalance bei. Das entzündliche Geschehen ist verbunden mit höherer Prostaglandin-E2 (PGE-2)-Produktion und erhöhter Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-Expression. Zunehmende Evidenz aus klinischen Studien mit COX-2-Inhibitoren weisen auf einen günstigen Effekt antiinflammatorischer Therapie bei Schizophrenie hin, speziell in frühen Stadien der Krankheit. Sowohl bei Depression als auch bei Schizophrenie ist die Vulnerabilitäts- Stress-Hypothese weitgehend akzeptiert. So zeigte sich z. B. dass – bei entsprechender genetischer Disposition – Stress im frühen Lebensalter oder Separationsstress mit einem Anstieg proinflammatorischer Zytokine einhergehen und zu einer Immunaktivierung führen. Die Interaktionen zwischen dem Immunsystem, Neurotransmittern und dem Tryptophan- Kynurenin-System sind entscheidende Komponenten für die Pathogenese von Stress und Depression. Eine antientzündliche Behandlung, z. B. mit dem COX-2-Inhibitor Celecoxib, zeigt antidepressive Effekte.

Intracisternal administration of transforming growth factor-β evokes fever through the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 in brain endothelial cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (1) ◽  
pp. R266-R275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigenobu Matsumura ◽  
Tetsuro Shibakusa ◽  
Teppei Fujikawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Yamada ◽  
Kiyoshi Matsumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Β Receptor

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), a pleiotropic cytokine, regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and plays a key role in development and tissue homeostasis. TGF-β functions as an anti-inflammatory cytokine because it suppresses microglia and B-lymphocyte functions, as well as the production of proinflammatory cytokines. However, we previously demonstrated that the intracisternal administration of TGF-β induces fever like that produced by proinflammatory cytokines. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of TGF-β-induced fever. The intracisternal administration of TGF-β increased body temperature in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-selective inhibitor significantly suppressed TGF-β-induced fever. COX-2 is known as one of the rate-limiting enzymes of the PGE2 synthesis pathway, suggesting that fever induced by TGF-β is COX-2 and PGE2 dependent. TGF-β increased PGE2 levels in cerebrospinal fluid and increased the expression of COX-2 in the brain. Double immunostaining of COX-2 and von Willebrand factor (vWF, an endothelial cell marker) revealed that COX-2-expressing cells were mainly endothelial cells. Although not all COX-2-immunoreactive cells express TGF-β receptor, some COX-2-immunoreactive cells express activin receptor-like kinase-1 (ALK-1, an endothelial cell-specific TGF-β receptor), suggesting that TGF-β directly or indirectly acts on endothelial cells to induce COX-2 expression. These findings suggest a novel function of TGF-β as a proinflammatory cytokine in the central nervous system.

scholarly journals Toluidine blue O and porphyrin-mediated photodynamic therapy on three main pathogenic bacteria of periodontitis using portable LED phototherapy device

2015 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuewei Jiang ◽  
Zhichao Fan ◽  
Yili Yu ◽  
Chenying Shao ◽  
Yuanzhen Suo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Red Light ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Phototherapy ◽  
Prevotella Melaninogenica

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been commonly used in treating many diseases, such as cancer and infectious diseases. We investigated the different effects of PDT on three main pathogenic bacteria of periodontitis — Prevotella melaninogenica (P.m.), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.). The portable red light-emitting diode (LED) phototherapy device was used to assess the exogenous PDT effects with different light doses and photosensitizer concentrations (Toluidine blue O, TBO). The portable blue LED phototherapy device was used to assess the endogenous PDT effects with the use of endogenous photosensitizers (porphyrin) under different light doses. We found out that both exogenous and endogenous PDT were able to restrict the growth of all the three bacteria significantly. Moreover, the optimal PDT conditions for these bacteria were obtained through this in vitro screening and could guide the clinical PDT on periodontitis.

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