scholarly journals Bone Formation from Porcine Dental Germ Stem Cells on Surface Modified Polybutylene Succinate Scaffolds

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nergis Abay ◽  
Gorke Gurel Pekozer ◽  
Mustafa Ramazanoglu ◽  
Gamze Torun Kose
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Polybutylene Succinate ◽  
Tooth Germs ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
First Time

Designing and providing a scaffold are very important for the cells in tissue engineering. Polybutylene succinate (PBS) has high potential as a scaffold for bone regeneration due to its capacity in cell proliferation and differentiation. Also, stem cells from 3rd molar tooth germs were favoured in this study due to their developmentally and replicatively immature nature. In this study, porcine dental germ stem cells (pDGSCs) seeded PBS scaffolds were used to investigate the effects of surface modification with fibronectin or laminin on these scaffolds to improve cell attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation for tissue engineering applications. The osteogenic potentials of pDGSCs on these modified and unmodified foams were examined to heal bone defects and the effects of fibronectin or laminin modified PBS scaffolds on pDGSC differentiation into bone were compared for the first time. For this study, MTS assay was used to assess the cytotoxic effects of modified and unmodified surfaces. For the characterization of pDGSCs, flow cytometry analysis was carried out. Besides, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, von Kossa staining, real-time PCR, CM-Dil, and immunostaining were applied to analyze osteogenic potentials of pDGSCs. The results of these studies demonstrated that pDGSCs were differentiated into osteogenic cells on fibronectin modified PBS foams better than those on unmodified and laminin modified PBS foams.

Nanomaterial integration into the scaffolding materials for nerve tissue engineering: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 843-872
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Arzaghi ◽  
Bashir Adel ◽  
Hossein Jafari ◽  
Shaghayegh Askarian-Amiri ◽  
Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Neural Regeneration ◽  
Stem Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation

AbstractThe nervous system, which consists of a complex network of millions of neurons, is one of the most highly intricate systems in the body. This complex network is responsible for the physiological and cognitive functions of the human body. Following injuries or degenerative diseases, damage to the nervous system is overwhelming because of its complexity and its limited regeneration capacity. However, neural tissue engineering currently has some capacities for repairing nerve deficits and promoting neural regeneration, with more developments in the future. Nevertheless, controlling the guidance of stem cell proliferation and differentiation is a challenging step towards this goal. Nanomaterials have the potential for the guidance of the stem cells towards the neural lineage which can overcome the pitfalls of the classical methods since they provide a unique microenvironment that facilitates cell–matrix and cell–cell interaction, and they can manipulate the cell signaling mechanisms to control stem cells’ fate. In this article, the suitable cell sources and microenvironment cues for neuronal tissue engineering were examined. Afterward, the nanomaterials that impact stem cell proliferation and differentiation towards neuronal lineage were reviewed.

In Vitro Cell Adhesion, Proliferation and Differentiation of Adipose Derived Stem Cells on Tulbaghia violacea Loaded Polycaprolactone (PCL) Nanofibers

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1485-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lerato N. Madike ◽  
M. Pillay ◽  
Ketul C. Popat
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Osteocalcin Production

Tissue engineering has been used for decades to restructure, replace and repair damaged tissue in the body. However, there are a number of challenges that have been identified, with the biggest one currently being the development of scaffolds with the ideal properties that can promote cell-scaffold interactions to enhance cell proliferation and differentiation. There is currently very little research on the incorporation of extracts of medicinal plants in scaffold fabrication with the aim of enhancing the surface properties of the scaffold. For this study, Tulbaghia violacea-based PCL scaffolds were fabricated and evaluated for their osteogenic potential on adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) in osteogenic media. The short-term studies illustrated enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation with low levels of toxicity as well as the formation of elongated cells in the T. violacea-based scaffolds when compared to the control PCL scaffold. The long term studies indicated increased alkaline phosphate activity (ALP) in the T. violacea scaffolds when compared to PCL and overall higher levels of osteocalcin production over a period of 3 weeks. Immunofluorescence imaging of marker proteins also illustrated that the T. violacea incorporated scaffolds supported better osteocalcin production which is a specific extracellular matrix (ECM) marker for cartilaginous tissue. These results support the incorporation of T. violacea plant extracts for the enhancement of nanofiber scaffolds with the potential for tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Fluid Flow Mechanical Stimulation-Assisted Cartridge Device for the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Ki-Taek Lim ◽  
Dinesh-K. Patel ◽  
Sayan-Deb Dutta ◽  
Keya Ganguly
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Flow Condition ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Static Conditions

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have the potential to differentiate into different types of mesodermal tissues. In vitro proliferation and differentiation of hMSCs are necessary for bone regeneration in tissue engineering. The present study aimed to design and develop a fluid flow mechanically-assisted cartridge device to enhance the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. We used the fluorescence-activated cell-sorting method to analyze the multipotent properties of hMSCs and found that the cultured cells retained their stemness potential. We also evaluated the cell viabilities of the cultured cells via water-soluble tetrazolium salt 1 (WST-1) assay under different rates of flow (0.035, 0.21, and 0.35 mL/min) and static conditions and found that the cell growth rate was approximately 12% higher in the 0.035 mL/min flow condition than the other conditions. Moreover, the cultured cells were healthy and adhered properly to the culture substrate. Enhanced mineralization and alkaline phosphatase activity were also observed under different perfusion conditions compared to the static conditions, indicating that the applied conditions play important roles in the proliferation and differentiation of hMSCs. Furthermore, we determined the expression levels of osteogenesis-related genes, including the runt-related protein 2 (Runx2), collagen type I (Col1), osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN), under various perfusion vis-à-vis static conditions and found that they were significantly affected by the applied conditions. Furthermore, the fluorescence intensities of OCN and OPN osteogenic gene markers were found to be enhanced in the 0.035 mL/min flow condition compared to the control, indicating that it was a suitable condition for osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, the findings of this study reveal that the developed cartridge device promotes the proliferation and differentiation of hMSCs and can potentially be used in the field of tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Drug-Loaded Biomimetic Ceramics for Tissue Engineering

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Diaz-Rodriguez ◽  
Mirian Sánchez ◽  
Mariana Landin
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Biomimetic Scaffolds ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Therapeutic Molecules ◽  
Biological Performance

The mimesis of biological systems has been demonstrated to be an adequate approach to obtain tissue engineering scaffolds able to promote cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation abilities similar to those of autologous tissues. Bioceramics are commonly used for this purpose due to their similarities to the mineral component of hard tissues as bone. Furthermore, biomimetic scaffolds are frequently loaded with diverse therapeutic molecules to enhance their biological performance, leading to final products with advanced functionalities. In this review, we aim to describe the already developed bioceramic-based biomimetic systems for drug loading and local controlled release. We will discuss the mechanisms used for the inclusion of therapeutic molecules on the designed systems, paying special attention to the identification of critical parameters that modulate drug loading and release kinetics on these scaffolds.

scholarly journals Development of 3D Bioactive Nanocomposite Scaffolds Made from Gelatin and Nano Bioactive Glass for Biomedical Applications

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 096369351001900 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mozafari ◽  
F. Moztarzadeh ◽  
M. Rabiee ◽  
M. Azami ◽  
N. Nezafati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Nanocomposite Scaffold ◽  
Nanocomposite Scaffolds ◽  
First Time

In this research, macroporous, mechanically competent and bioactive nanocomposite scaffolds have been fabricated from cross-linked gelatine (Gel) and nano bioactive glass (nBG) through layer solvent casting combined with freeze-drying and lamination techniques. This study has developed a new composition to produce a new bioactive nanocomposite which is porous with interconnected microstructure, pore sizes are 200-500 μm, porosity are 72%-86%. Also, we have reported formation of chemical bonds between nBG and Gel for the first time. Finally, the in vitro cytocompatability of the scaffolds was assessed using MTT assay and cell attachment study. Results indicated no sign of toxicity and cells found to be attached to the pore walls offered by the scaffolds. These results suggested that the developed nanocomposite scaffold possess the prerequisites for bone tissue engineering scaffolds and it can be used for tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of a New Collagen-Alginate Aerogel for Tissue Engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Muñoz-Ruíz ◽  
Diana M. Escobar-García ◽  
Mildred Quintana ◽  
Amaury Pozos-Guillén ◽  
Héctor Flores
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Supercritical Drying ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Promote Cell Migration ◽  
Carbon Based Nanomaterials ◽  
Highly Porous ◽  
Alginate Scaffold

Scaffolds have been used as extracellular matrix analogs to promote cell migration, cell attachment, and cell proliferation. The use of aerogels and carbon-based nanomaterials has recently been proposed for tissue engineering due to their properties. The aim of this study is to develop a highly porous collagen-alginate(-graphene oxide) aerogel-based scaffold. The GO synthesis was performed by Hummers method; a collagen-alginate and collagen-alginate-GO hydrogel were synthetized; then, they were treated by a supercritical drying process. The aerogels obtained were evaluated by SEM and FTIR. Osteoblasts were seeded over the scaffolds and evaluated by SEM. According to the characterization, the aerogels showed a highly porous interconnected network covered by a nonporous external wall. According to the FTIR, the chemical functional groups of collagen and GO were maintained after the supercritical process. The SEM images after cell culture showed that a collagen-alginate scaffold promotes cell attachment and proliferation. The alginate-collagen aerogel-based scaffold could be a platform for tissue engineering since it shows adequate properties. Further studies are needed to determine the cell interactions with GO.

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells suppress B-cell proliferation and differentiation

2012 ◽  
Vol 274 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Che ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Shiliang Zhou ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Dongyan Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation

scholarly journals Tailored Biodegradable and Electroactive Poly(Hydroxybutyrate-Co-Hydroxyvalerate) Based Morphologies for Tissue Engineering Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Amaro ◽  
Daniela Correia ◽  
Teresa Marques-Almeida ◽  
Pedro Martins ◽  
Leyre Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cobalt Ferrite ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Cobalt Ferrites ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
The Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Composite Samples

Polymer-based piezoelectric biomaterials have already proven their relevance for tissue engineering applications. Furthermore, the morphology of the scaffolds plays also an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation. The present work reports on poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), a biocompatible, biodegradable, and piezoelectric biopolymer that has been processed in different morphologies, including films, fibers, microspheres, and 3D scaffolds. The corresponding magnetically active PHBV-based composites were also produced. The effect of the morphology on physico-chemical, thermal, magnetic, and mechanical properties of pristine and composite samples was evaluated, as well as their cytotoxicity. It was observed that the morphology does not strongly affect the properties of the pristine samples but the introduction of cobalt ferrites induces changes in the degree of crystallinity that could affect the applicability of prepared biomaterials. Young’s modulus is dependent of the morphology and also increases with the addition of cobalt ferrites. Both pristine and PHBV/cobalt ferrite composite samples are not cytotoxic, indicating their suitability for tissue engineering applications.

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