scholarly journals Characterization of Photovoltaic Panels by means of Thermograph Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noe Samano ◽  
José Alfredo Padilla-Medina ◽  
Nimrod Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Electrical Parameters ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Monitoring Process ◽  
Thermal Transient ◽  
And Performance

Solar panels have become attractive in order to generate and supply electricity in commercial and residential applications. Their increased module efficiencies have caused not only a massive production but also a sensible drop on sale prices. Methods of characterization, instrumentation for in situ measurements, defect monitoring, process control, and performance are required. A temperature characterization method by means of thermograph analysis is exposed in this paper. The method was applied to multicrystalline modules, and the characterization was made with respect to two different variables, first a thermal transient and second a characterization with respect to the current. The method is useful in order to detect hot spots caused by mismatch conditions in electrical parameters. The description, results, and limitations of the proposed method are discussed.

scholarly journals Improving the Electrical Parameters of a Photovoltaic Panel by Means of an Induced or Forced Air Stream

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mazón-Hernández ◽  
J. R. García-Cascales ◽  
F. Vera-García ◽  
A. S. Káiser ◽  
B. Zamora
Keyword(s):  
Channel Cross Section ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Electrical Parameters ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Test Installation ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
And Performance

The main priority in photovoltaic (PV) panels is the production of electricity. The transformation of solar energy into electricity depends on the operating temperature in such a way that the performance increases with the decreasing temperatures. In the existing literature, different cooling techniques can be found. The purpose of most of them is to use air or water as thermal energy carriers. This work is focused on the use of air as a working fluid whose movement is either induced by natural convection or forced by means of a fan. The aim of this study is to characterise the electrical behaviour of the solar panels in order to improve the design of photovoltaic installations placed in roof applications ensuring low operating temperatures which will correct and reverse the effects produced on efficiency by high temperature. To do this, a test installation has been constructed at the Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena in Spain. In this paper, the results of the tests carried out on two identical solar panels are included. One of them has been modified and mounted on different channels through which air flows. The different studies conducted show the effects of the air channel cross-section, the air velocity, and the panel temperature on the electrical parameters of the solar panels, such as the voltage, current, power, and performance. The results conclude that the air space between the photovoltaic panels and a steel roof must be high enough to allow the panel to be cooled and consequently to achieve higher efficiency.

scholarly journals Smart Solar Panels: In-situ Monitoring of Photovoltaic Panels based on Wired and Wireless Sensor Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 535-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Papageorgas ◽  
D. Piromalis ◽  
K. Antonakoglou ◽  
G. Vokas ◽  
D. Tseles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling for Engineering Analysis and Designing of Optimum Support Systems for Headrace Tunnel

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Hussain ◽  
Zahid Ur Rehman ◽  
Noor Mohammad ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Khan Shahzada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Headrace Tunnel ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Selection Of

The empirical and numerical design approaches are considered very important in the viable and efficient design of support systems, stability analysis for tunnel, and underground excavations. In the present research work, the rock mass rating (RMR) and tunneling quality index (Q-system) were used as empirical methods for characterization of rock mass based on real-time geological and site geotechnical data and physical and strength properties of rock samples collected from the alignment of tunnel. The rock mass along the tunnel axis was classified into three geotechnical units (GU-1, GU-2, and GU-3). The support systems for each geotechnical unit were designed. The 2D elastoplastic finite-element method (FEM) was used for the analysis of rock mass behavior, in situ and redistribution stresses, plastic thickness around the tunnel, and performance of the design supports for the selection of optimum support system among RMR and Q supports for each geotechnical unit of tunnel. Based on results, Q support systems were found more effective for GU-1 and GU-2 as compared to RMR support systems and RMR support systems for GU-3 as compared to Q support systems.

Microstructure and performance characterization of in-situ Co2FeO4 whiskers reinforced YIG/YIG joints

2021 ◽  
pp. 111323
Author(s):  
Qianqian Chen ◽  
Panpan Lin ◽  
Xuanyu Du ◽  
Wumo Du ◽  
Tiesong Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Characterization ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Microstructure And Performance

Atomistic and dynamic structural characterizations in low-dimensional materials: recent applications of in situ transmission electron microscopy

Microscopy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Zheng ◽  
Fan Cao ◽  
Ligong Zhao ◽  
Renhui Jiang ◽  
Peili Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Indispensable Tool ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Low Dimensional Materials

Abstract In situ transmission electron microscopy has achieved remarkable advances for atomic-scale dynamic analysis in low-dimensional materials and become an indispensable tool in view of linking a material’s microstructure to its properties and performance. Here, accompanied with some cutting-edge researches worldwide, we briefly review our recent progress in dynamic atomistic characterization of low-dimensional materials under external mechanical stress, thermal excitations and electrical field. The electron beam irradiation effects in metals and metal oxides are also discussed. We conclude by discussing the likely future developments in this area.

Amphiphilic Zirconium Phosphate Nanoparticles as Tribo-catalytic Additives of Multi-performance Lubricants

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yan Chen ◽  
Xuezhen Wang ◽  
Zehua Han ◽  
Alexander Sinyukov ◽  
Abraham Clearfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Removal ◽  
Zirconium Phosphate ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Film Growth ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Catalytic Additives

Abstract The advancement of electric vehicles demands lubricants with multifunction and performance. In this research, we investigated amphiphilic a-ZrP nanoparticles as lubricant additives. Experimetns showed that the nanolubricant produced a tribofilm reduced the friction for 40% and wear 90%, while the electrical conductivity remained to be stable during tribotesting. Surface characterization of the tribofilm showed that there was a layered pyrophosphate on the wear track . The in situ impedance study about tribochemical kinetics revealed that the process in formation of a tribofilm involved synergetic growth and wear. During growth, the coefficient of friction increased with continued formation of such a file. During wear, the material removal rate was a function of friction, i.e., the higher the wear rate, the higher the friction coefficient. The competing mechanisms of film growth and wear resulted in an electrically uniformed surface.

Processing of Silicon Wafers Followed by Microwave Photoconductivity Measurements

1990 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sanders ◽  
H. Wetzel ◽  
M. Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Process Control ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Silicon Wafers ◽  
Single Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Transient Photoconductivity

ABSTRACTThe characterization of single crystalline silicon wafers for application in (opto)electronic devices by transient photoconductivity measurements is investigated. To this aim is the transient photoconductivity in Si wafers after different treatments determined by the Time Resolved Microwave Conductivity ( TRMC ) method. This technique is non-evasive and contactless and so in-situ measurements are possible. Application of TRMC measurements for process control and quality control of relevant process steps in the production of (opto)electronic devices is discussed in view of the experimental results presented.

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